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class notes from chemistry 9-23-09
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Introduction to Chapter 5 Naming Compounds
9/23/09
Two Types of CompoundsType 1 Molecular compounds Made by joining nonmetal atoms
together into molecules.
Type 2 Ionic compounds Made by combining two ions. Cation and an anion. +/- Metals and Nonmetals
Two Types of Compounds
2 Ionic Compounds (cont.) The electrons lost by the cation are gained
by the anion The cation and anions surround each other Smallest piece is a FORMULA UNIT
Chemical Formulas
Shows the kind and number of atoms in the smallest piece of a substance
Molecular formula- number and kinds of atoms in a molecule
CO2
C6H12O6
Formula Unit
The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in an ionic compound
Ions surround each other so you can’t say which is hooked to which
Charges on ions
For most of the Group A elements, the Periodic Table can tell what kind of ion they will form from their location
Elements in the same group have similar properties
Including the charge when they are ions
What about the others?
What about the transition metals They can form more than one type of ion We have to figure those out some other way More on this later
Naming ions
We will use the systematic way Cation- if the charge is always the same (Group A)
just write the name of the metal.
Na+1 Sodium Ca+2 Calcium Al+3 Aluminum Li+1 Lithium
Write Formulas for these
Potassium ion Magnesium ion Calcium ion Cesium ion Barium ion Hydrogen ion
Naming Anions
Anions are always the same Change the element ending to -ide F-1 Fluorine
Naming Anions
Anions are always the same Change the element ending to -ide F-1 Fluoride
Name these
Cl-1 N-3
Br-1
O-2
I-
ChlorideNitrideBromideOxideIodide
Write these
Sulfide ion iodide ion phosphide ion Strontium ion