8 essay test

SUBJECTIVE/ESSAY TEST

Subjective (Essay) test consists of questions to

which students answered/ respond in one or more sentences to a specific question or problem

assesses the student’s ability to produce, integrate, and express ideas, and allow the student to be original, and creative.

General Types of Essay Test1.Extended/ Unrestricted/

Uncontrolled response Allows for an in-depth answers of a

student’s knowledge, thinking processes, and problem solving behavior relative to a specific topic

A free-response essay The student has to recall specific

information and organize, evaluate, and write intelligible composition

Examples:

Explain the issue about climate change

Discuss classroom assessment

General Types of Essay Test

General Types of Essay Test2.Restricted/Controlled response

The examinee is required to provide limited response based on a specified criterion for answering the question.

Examples: Explain the causes and effect of

EDSA 1

General Types of Essay Test

Learning Outcomes that can be measured effectively with essay items:

Abilities to:1. Explain cause-effect relationships2. Describe application of principles3. Present relevant arguments4. Formulate tenable hypotheses5. State necessary assumptions

Learning Outcomes that can be measured effectively with essay items:

Abilities to:6. Describe the limitations of data7. Explain methods and procedures8. Produce, organize, and express

ideas9. Integrate learning in different

areas10.Create original forms11.Evaluate the worth of ideas

Types of Essay Questionsby Bloom’s Taxonomy

1. KNOWLEDGE remembering; memorizing; recognizing; recalling identification and recall of

information Who, what, when, where, how ...? Describe

Examples: Explain how Egypt came to be called the

gift of the Nile. State the formula for the area of a circle.

2. COMPREHENSION interpreting; translating from one medium to another; describing in one's own words; organization and selection of facts and ideas

Retell...

Examples: What is meant when a person says, “I

had just crossed the bridge”? Given the mathematical formula for the

area of a circle, paraphrase it using your own words.


3. APPLICATION problem solving; applying information to produce some

result; use of facts, rules and principles

How is...an example of...? How is...related to...? Why is...significant?

Examples:• Give at least 3 examples of how the

law of supply operates in our economy today.

• Compute the area of actual circles.


4. ANALYSIS subdividing something to show how it is put together; finding the underlying structure of a communication; identifying motives; separation of a whole into component parts

What are the parts or features of...? Classify...according to... Outline/diagram... How does...compare/contrast with...? What evidence can you list for...?

Examples: Explain the causes and effects the EDSA 1 on the

political and social life of the Filipino people Given a math word problem, determine the

strategies that would be necessary to solve it.


5. SYNTHESIS creating a unique, original product that may be in

verbal form or may be a physical object; combination of ideas to form a new whole

What would you predict/infer from...? What ideas can you add to...? How would you create/design a new...? What might happen if you combined...? What solutions would you suggest for...?

Examples: Describe the origin and significance of the

celebration of Christmas the world over. Apply and integrate several different

strategies to solve a mathematical problem.


6. EVALUATION making value decisions about issues; resolving controversies or differences of opinion; development of opinions, judgements or decisions

Do you agree...? What do you think about...? What is the most important...? Place the following in order of priority... How would you decide about...? What criteria would you use to assess...?

Example: When you have finished solving a problem

determine the degree to which that problem was solved as efficiently as possible.


Types of Essay Questions(From Garcia, 2008)1.Recall

Simple recall What is the chemical formula for

sodium bicarbonate? Selective recall in which a basis for

evaluation/judgment is suggested Who among the Greek

philosophers affected your thinking as student?

2.Understanding Comparison of 2 phenomena on a single

designated basis Compare 19th century and present-day

Filipino writers with respect to their involvement in societal affairs

Comparison of two phenomena in general Compare the Phil. Revolution of 1896

with that of People’s Power Revolution of 1986

Types of Essay Questions(From Garcia, 2008)

2. Understanding Explanation of the use of exact meaning

of a phrase/statement Explain this statement “............”

Summary of a text or some portion of it What is the central idea of communism as

an economic system? Statement of an artist’s purpose in the

selection or organization of material Why did Hemingway describe in detail the

episode in which Gordon, lying wounded, engages the economy enemy?


3.Application Causes and effects

Why does frequent dependence on penicillin for treatment of minor ailment result in its reduced effectiveness against major invasion of body tissues by infectious bacteria?

Analysis Why was Hamlet torn by conflicting desires?

Statement of relationship A researcher reported that teaching styles

correlates with student achievement at about 0.75. What does this correlation mean


3.Application Illustrations or examples of principles

Identify 3 examples of the uses of the hammer in a typical Filipino home.

application of rules or principles in specified situation.

Would you weigh more or less on the moon? Why or why not?

Reorganization of facts Some radical Filipino historians assert that the

Filipino revolution against Spain was a revolution from the top not from below. Using the same observation, what other conclusion is possible.


4. Judgment Decision for or against

Should members of the communist party of the Phils. Be allowed to teach in colleges and universities? Why or why not?

Discussion Trace the events that led to the

downfall of the dictatorial regime of Ferdinand Marcos.


4. Judgment Criticism of the adequacy, correctness or

relevant of a statement Former President Joseph Estrada was convicted

for the case of plunder by the Sandiganbayan. Comment on the adequacy of the evidence by the said tribunal in reaching a decision on the case filed against the former chief executive of the country.

Formulation of new questions What questions should parents ask their

children in order to determine the reasons why they join fraternities and sororities?


Guidelines for constructing essay questions

1. Give adequate time and thought to the preparation of essay questions

2. The question should be written so that it will elicit (draw out) the type of behavior you want to measure.

3. A well-constructed essay question should establish a framework within which the student operates

4. Decide in advance what factors will be considered in evaluating an essay response.

5. Do not provide optional questions in an essay test

6. Use relatively large number of questions requiring short answers (about ½ page) rather than just a few questions involving long answers (2-3 pages)


7. Don’t start essay questions with such words as “list, who, what, whether”

8. Adapt the length of the responses and the complexity of the question and answer to the maturity of the student

9. Use the novel type of question wherever feasible

10.Prepare a scoring key


Suggestions for grading /scoring essay test

1. Check your scoring key against actual responses

2. Be consistent in your grading. Use criteria/rubric

3. Grade only one question at a time for all papers

4. Grade the responses anonymously

5. The mechanics of expression should be judged separately from what the student writes.

6. Try to score all responses to a particular question without interruption.

7. If possible, have two independent readings of the test and use the average as the final score.

8. Provide comments and correct errors.

Suggestions for grading /scoring essay test

End na!

Education

8 essay test