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5.3 Solving Quadratic Equations by Finding Square Roots
What is a Square Root?The opposite of squaring a
number.r is the square root of s if r2 = sPositive numbers have two square
roots: and – is called a radical signThe number inside is the
radicandThe expression is a radical
Properties of Square Roots
Product Property:
Example:
Used to simplify radical expressions.
Simplifying Radical ExpressionsUsing the Product Property:1. Try to find a “perfect square” that is
a factor. 2. Rewrite as a product of two
radicals.3. Take the square root of the perfect
square. Example: Simplify
ExamplesSimplify each radical expression:
Your Turn!Simplify each radical expression.
Properties of Square RootsQuotient Property:
Example:
Simplifying Radical ExpressionsUsing the Quotient Property:1. Rewrite as a quotient of two radicals.We can’t leave a square root on the
bottom!If bottom is a perfect square:
1. Take square roots on top and bottom. 2. Simplify the top if needed.
If bottom is not a perfect square:1. Multiply by the denominator over itself.2. Simplify.◦Called “Rationalizing the Denominator”
Examples:Simplify each radical expression.
Your Turn!Simplify each radical expression.
Solving EquationsSquare roots can be used to solve
some quadratic equations.For example: has two
solutions,
Usually written is read “plus or minus”
To Solve:Get the squared part by itself.Take the square root of both sides.Simplify your answer - NO
DECIMALS!Don’t forget the !
Examples:Solve
Solve
Your Turn!Solve:
Solving Quadratics with ( )Get the squared part by itself.Take the square root of both sides.Then, keep solving to get x alone.
Example: Solve (x – 2)2 = 36
Examples:Solve:3(x + 5)2 = 24
(2x – 1)2 = 49 (x - 7)2 = 80
Your Turn!Solve:(x + 6)2 = 81
Using Quadratic Models
On Earth, when an object is dropped, its height h (in feet), t seconds after being dropped, can be modeled by:
where is the object’s initial height
(note: this model neglects air resistance)
Example:How long will it take an object
dropped from a 550-foot tall tower to land on the roof of a 233-foot tall building?