3 Munjiyaat (Saving Virtues)

3 Muhlikaat (Destructive Vices)

3 Munjiyaat (Saving Virtues)

1. Taqwah of Allah (SWT) in hiding or in

open

2. To speak the truth in (state of ) anger or

pleasure

3. Moderation in prosperity as well as in

poverty.

3 Muhlikaat (Destructive Vices)

1. Inordinate desire which is followed

2. Stinginess which is obeyed

3. Self-Conceit ( Covetousness). This is the

worst of all.

Abu Huraira (R) the narrator of this

hadith

• His actual name is Abdul Rahman Bin Sakhr

• He was borne 18 years before Hijrah

• He embraced Islam in 7th Hijrah.

• He lived in Prophet‟s Masjid and remained in the company of the Prophet.

• He is one of the people of Suffah.

• He was a keen student of the Prophet for 4-5 years.

• He narrated 5374 ahadith

Abu Huraira

• He narrated , I said to the Prophet, “I hear many ahadith from you but I forget them.” Prophet said, “Spread your garment.” I did accordingly. He moved his hands as if filling with something and then emptied them in my garment. Then he said, “ Take this garment and wrap it over your body.” I did it and I never ever forgot any thing since then.

• He continued to teach Islam for 50 years and died at the age of 78.

1- Taqwah of Allah in open or in

hiding• This word is derived from „Wiqaya‟ which

means to protect.

• Taqwah means to protect oneself or fear from anger and chastisement of Allah.

• And Allah warns you about Himself. 3:28

• O‟Believers! Save yourself and your family from the fire of Hell. Tahreem: 6

• O‟our Rabb! Grant us success in this world and the hereafter and protect us from fire of Hell. 2:201

Taqwah

• Abu Zar (R) requested the Prophet to give

him advice. He said I advise you with

Taqwah of Allah because this is the root of

every righteous deed.

3 degrees of Taqwah

• 1-The lowest minimal level is to avoid Kufr and Shirk. In this sense, every Muslim can be counted as Muttaqi even if he is involved in sins.

• 2- Desirable falls under the second degree of Taqwah that

• is, to avoid that which is disliked by Allah and His Messenger. The

• merits and blessings of Taqwah in the Qur„an and Hadith

• have been promised on this degree of avoidance and abstinence.

• 3- Third degree or the highest level is achieved by the prophets, companions and special servants of Allah, for it is not within the grasp of everybody. It requires to stand guard over one's heart against the onslaught of what does not please Allah, and to keep it filled with the remembrance of Allah and the efforts to get closer to Allah.

Achieve Taqwah which it deserves

'Abdullah ibn-Mas„ud, RabI', Qatadah and

Hasan al Basari said:

A fear which is His due' means that

• One obeys, then does not disobey;

• Remembers then does not forget;

• Is grateful, then does not become

ungrateful. (Al-Bahr Al-Muhit)

How to achieve Taqwah?

• Abide by the commandments of

Allah and stay away from his prohibitions.

• Abdullah Bin Masood (R) said, “ Taqwah

means to obey Allah and not to

disobey, remember Him and do not

forget, to be grateful and then do not

become ungrateful.”

Ali Ibn Abi Talib ®

• Taqwah is to fear Allah the Magnificent

• To abide by His revelation, i.e., Quran

• To be satisfied with little provision

• To be ready for the departure from this

world, i.e., death.

Ibn Motambar (Rahimahullah)

• Give up the sins, whether minor or major

• This is the essence of Taqwah

• Walk on the earth like the person who is

careful about thorny shrubs on the sides

• Don‟t consider minor sins as trivial

because the mountain is made of small

pieces of rocks.

Taqwah was commanded to all the

Messangers of Allah.

• We have advised the people of the Book

before you and you (Muslims) to have

Taqwah of Allah.

In Quran, it is followed by the

warning of Hellfire and Akhirah

• And fear the Fire prepared for

disbelievers. 3:131

• And fear a Day when no person shall

ransom for someone anything. 2:48

Protection from prohibitions is part

of Taqwah

• Protect yourself from forbidden acts. You will become the person who worships Allah (SWT) the most amongst all the people.

• Ahmad and Tirmidhi, reported by Abu Hurairah (R)

Taqwah is a way of beautifying

everything

Protecting from doubtful things is

Taqwah

• Verily the forbidden things are clear and

permissible are clear and in between there

are doubtful matters. Whoever avoids

doubtful matters indeed has saved his

religion and his honor.

• Reported in Arba‟een Nawawi.

Dua of the Prophet (SA) for Taqwah

•

O Allah! Give my soul its good. You are its Guardian and Master, and the best to purify it.

At-Tabarani, reported by Ibn Abbas

•

O Allah! Give my soul its good and purify it, for You are the best to purify it. You are its Guardian and Master.

Ahmad, reported by Zaid Ibn Arqam

Blessings and Benefits of Taqwah

• This is the Book; in it is guidance sure

without doubt to those who fear Allah. 2:1

• For Allah is with those who restrain

themselves and those who do good.

Nahal, 16:128

Blessings of Taqwah

• Indeed Allah loves the people of Taqwah.

Taubah, 9:4

And Allah (SWT) is friend of People of Taqwah.

Jatheya,45:14

Blessings of Taqwah

• O ye who believe! if ye fear Allah He will

grant you a criterion (to judge between

right and wrong) remove from you (all) evil

(that may afflict) you and forgive you: for

Allah is the Lord of bounty unbounded.

• Anfaal,8:29

Blessings of Taqwah

And for those who fear Allah He (ever) prepares a way out,and He provides for him from (sources) he never could imagine. Talaaq, 65:2

• or those who fear Allah He will make their path easy. 5513 5514

That is the Command of Allah which He has sent down to you: and if anyone fears Allah He will remove his ills from him and will enlarge His reward. Talaaq,65:4,5

Blessings of Taqwah

• Behold! verily on the friends of Allah there is no fear nor shall they grieve. Those who believe and (constantly) guard against evil. For them are Glad Tidings in the life of the Present and in the Hereafter: no change can there be in the Words of Allah. This is indeed the supreme Felicity.

• Yunus,10: 62-64

Taqwah leads to Jannah

• Verily for the righteous are Gardens of Delight in the Presence of their Lord. Al Qalam,68:34

• As to the Righteous they will be in the midst of Gardens and Rivers. In an Assembly of Truth in the Presence of a Sovereign Omnipotent. Qamar,54:54,55

2- To Speak the Truth

O ye who believe! fear Allah and (always) say a

word directed to the Right: Ahzaab, 33:70

O ye who believe! fear Allah and be with those

who are true (in word and deed). Taubah,9:119

To Speak the Truth In (state of)

Anger or Pleasure

• Abu Dhar (R) narrated,”My Khalil(S)

enjoined me 7 things”. One of these is “ to

speak the truth though it may be bitter for

others.”

Ahmad.

To Speak what is Just

Speaking truth before a tyrannical

ruler

• Abi Saeed (R) narrates that the Prophet

(S) said,” Best Jihad is for a person who

says true word before a tyrannical ruler.

3- Moderation in prosperity and in

poverty

Be moderate in spending

• Those who when they spend are not

extravagant and not miserly but hold a just

(balance) between those (extremes) 25:67

Extremist are blameworthy and

destitute

• Make not thy hand tied (like a miser) to thy

neck nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach

so that thou become blameworthy and

destitute

• Isra,17:29

A part of the people of the Book are

on middle or right path

• If only they had stood fast by the Torah & the Injil and all the revelation that was sent to them from their Lord they would have enjoyed happiness from every side. There is from among them a party on the right course; but many of them follow a course that is evil. (Maida,5:66)

3 Categories of Muslims

• Then We have given the Book for inheritance to such of Our servants as We have chosen: but there are among them some who wrong their own souls; some who follow a middle course; and some who are by Allah's leave foremost in good deeds; that is the highest Grace. (Fatir,35:32)

3 Muhlikaat (Destructive Vices)

1-Inordinate Desire which is

followed• “Hawa” literally means to fall down.

• It means to blindly follow physical desires

regardless of permissibility.

• This attitude lets person fall down from his

high moral status to the lowest level. In the

hereafter, it will lead to his fall in “Hawiah”

(a place in Hellfire). Imam Raghib Isfahani.

Do not follow Hawa!

• and follow not the desires of those who know not. Jathiyah,45:18

• nor follow the vain desires of people who went wrong in times gone by who misled many and strayed (themselves) from the even way. Maida,5:77

Following inordinate desires leads

to misguidance

• Say: "I will not follow your vain desires: if I

did I would stray from the path and be not

of the company of those who receive

guidance.

Al An‟am,6:56

Follower of desires is most

misguided

• and who is more astray than one who

follows his own lusts devoid of guidance

from Allah? For Allah guides not people

given to wrongdoing. Al Qasas,28:50

es

• Relate to them the story of the man to whom We sent our signs but he passed them by: so satan followed him up and he went astray. If it had been Our will We should have elevated him with our signs; but he inclined to the earth and followed his own vain desires. His similitude is that of a dog: if you attack him he lolls out his tongue or if you leave him alone he (still) lolls out his tongue. A‟raaf,7:175,176

One who controls his desires shall

enter Jannah

• And for one who had the fear of standing

before his Lord and had restrained (his)

soul from lower Desires

• His abode shall be the Garden.

Nazi‟aat, 79:40,41

2-Shuh Mut‟a

Covetousness or stinginess

• Shuh (Covetousness) is defined as

inordinate desire for wealth or possessions

or for another's possessions.

• Its synonym is avaricious implies

obsessive acquisitiveness especially of

money and strongly suggests stinginess

Shuh Mut‟a

STINGINESS WHICH IS OBEYED

• Men's souls are swayed by greed.

(Nisa,4:128)

• And those saved from the covetousness of

their own souls they are the ones that

achieve prosperity. (Hashar,59:9)

Hadith explaining stinginess

Prophet(S) said:

•

• Be on your guard against committing oppression, for oppression is a darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Be on your guard against being stingy, for being stingy is what destroyed those who were before you. It made them shed blood and make lawful what was unlawful for them.

• Reported by Jarir bin Abdullah in Musnad Ahmad

Components of Shuh or

CovetousnessCovetousness is composed of the four faults:

Cowardice:

Greed: desire to possess everything which is insatiable and ever increasing in its demands.

Injustice:

Ignorance:

• (Ibn HazmFrom “Al-Akhlaq wa’l Siyar” –Morality and Behaviour Published in “In Pursuit of Virtue” by M. Abu Laylah, Ta-Ha Publishers 1990)

Hadith about Greed

• It is reported from the Holy Prophet

(s.a.w):

If the son of Adam had two valleys full of

gold, in fact, he would remain in search of a

third one and nothing but dust can fill the

belly of the son of Adam and God forgives

everyone who repents.

Opposite of covetousness is

disinterest

in amassing material wealth• A virtuous quality which includes:

Generosity: stops him fretting about property which is lost to him.

Courage: gives birth to a greatness of spirit which makes him disinterested.

Justice: His equitable nature makes him love reserve and moderation in his desires.

Intelligence: He understands the vanity of covetousness and prefers disinterest

3- Self - Deception And Egotism

Ijaab or Ujb

• Ujb: Man due to attributes or blessing he

has thinks that he is great and becomes

unmindful of the one who granted all that

to him.

• Kibr: In case of pride, it is necessary that

there is someone else so that the proud

may be able to imagine himself to be

better than the other

Stages of Egotism

• Ujb when man becomes happy with himself

• Pride and self-centeredness also branch out

from this stage and he considers himself to

be better than others.

• As a result of some of his good deeds he

thinks has acquired some rights over Allah.

• Bad deed appears good to one, and he

becomes happy with it.

Harms of ujb or covetousness

• Person with Ujb does not benefit from knowledgeable persons, as he imagines himself on their level and sometimes even above them

• Ujb makes a person unpleasant among the people who become displeased with him and do not care for him.

• Egotism takes man away from reality. He is not able to benefit from good deeds

• Egotist mostly has failed and will fail

General Remedy For Egotism

• Man should ponder over the Greatness of the Creator of the Universe. He must understand that Greatness belongs only to Him.

• Power and Eternity are only Allah‟s attributes

• Smallness and mortality belongs to man himself

• He must think over his earlier stages of life

• Finally at the end also he will turn into a carcass and will be placed in a grave.

Specific Remedies.

• If egotism of man is due to his strength and power, he must remember that this power is inferior even to a microbe

• If egotism is based on wisdom and intelligence and abundance of knowledge we ought to know that this is a Divine bounty for which we must be thankful to God.

• If his egotism is because of his race he must realize he is descendent of Adam who was created from dust.

More Remedies.

• If man's pride is due to abundance of wealth and children he should know that these are some of the bounties bestowed by Allah and have been entrusted to him for some days by way of a trust for his trial

• If property and children were the cause of man's greatness, God would not have given it to His enemies.

• “And not your wealth nor your children, are the things which bring you near us” Quran

• Before other people also he should consider himself little.