ComputerComputer

2.1 System Concept

2.2 Number

System & Representation

2.1.1 Overview of Computer System2.1.2 Data

Representation

2.1.3 Storage Capacity

2.2.1 Binary

2.2.2 Hexadecimal

2.3 Information Coding

Scheme

2.4 Logic Gate & Simple Logic

Circuit

2.4.1 Boolean Expression

2.4.2 Logic Gate

2.4.3 Simple Logic Circuit

2.5 Hardware

2.5.1 Motherboard

2.5.2 Processor

2.5.3 Memory

2.5.4 Input and Output

device

2.5.5 Storage

2.5.6 Adapter Card

2.6Software

2.6.1 System Software

2.6.2 Application Software

2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION

2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY

SYSTEMSYSTEM

2.12.1

- Identify the the processes involved in a computerprocesses involved in a computer

Learning Outcomes :

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

What is Computer?An electronic device that accepts input, process data and produces output.

Computer Concept 2011

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

What is Computer System?a complete, working computerthat includes operating system, software and hardware

which are necessary to make the computer function

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

Components of Computer System

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer

System

Basic processes in computer

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model

Storage

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System

2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION

SYSTEMSYSTEM

2.12.1

2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY

Learning Outcome :

- Explain how data is representedhow data is represented in computerin computer

2.1 System Concept 2.1.2 Data Representation

How does a computer represent data?

By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to represent the two states on and off.

computer recognizes only

two discrete electrical states (on

and off)

2.1 System Concept 2.1.2 Data

Representation

Bit A binary digit (1 or 0). The smallest unit of data. Represents an electrical state (on or off). Bit 1 represents On. Bit 0 represents Off.

Byte A group of 8 bits (ex:11110000). Represents a character such as a digit, a

letter, a punctuation mark or any symbol in computer.

2.1 System Concept 2.1.2 Data Representation

2.1 System Concept 2.1.2 Data Representation

Example :

00110100 represents 4

00110110 represents 6

01000101 represents E

How a letter is converted to binary form and backStep 1.

The user presses the capital letter D on the keyboard.

Step 2.An electronic signal for the capital letter D is sent to the system unit.

Step 3.The signal for the capital letter D is converted to its binary code (01000100) and is stored in memory for processing.

Step 4.After processing, the binary code for the capital letter D is converted to an image, and displayed on the monitor.

2.1.1 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION

2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY SYSTEMSYSTEM

2.12.1

Learning Outcomes :

- Differentiate various size of storage capacityDifferentiate various size of storage capacity

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Capacity – The number of bytes(characters) can be hold by storage medium

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Example of Storage

Measured in units such as KB, MB, GB

The capacity of a storage medium is measured by the number of bytes it can hold

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Measured in units such as KB, MB, GB

1 KB 1024 bytes

1 MB 1024 KB ( about 1 million bytes )

1 GB 1024 MB ( about 1 billion bytes )

1 TB 1024 GB ( about 1 trillion bytes )

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage

Capacity

Typical storage and capacities

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Storage Capacity

Tape drive A few hundred kilobytes to several gigabytes

Diskette 1.44 MB

CD-ROM 650 MB – 1GB

Hard disksExternal hard

diskRemovable hard

disk

Up to 4TB or moreUP to 1TB or more

DVD and Blu-ray Storage Capacities

Sides Layers DVD Blu-ray

1 1 4.7GB 25GB

1 2 8.5GB 50GB

2 1 9.4GB 50GB

2 2 17GB 100GB

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Typical of Flash Memory Storage

Storage Capacities

Solid State Drives(SSD) 16GB – 256GB

Memory cardsCompact Flash(CF)Secure Digital(SD)

SDHC XD Picture Card

512MB – 100GB512MB – 8GB4GB – 32GB

256MB – 2GB

USB Flash Drive 512MB – 100GB

Example 1 : Convert 1GB to KB

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

Example 2 : Convert MB to GB

1200 MB = 1200/1024 = 1.17 GB

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity

SUMMARY Definition of computer. Definition of computer system. The components of a computer system. Types of hardware. Types of software. Basic operations/processes involved in a computer. How is data represented. Definition of bit and byte. Units of data measurement. Storage capacity Converting units of data measurement.

2.1 System Concept 2.1.3 Storage Capacity