2012 | PHP by Jochem

PHP & MYSQLThe basics

Thursday, November 15, 12

purpose of this course

You can only master web-development by doing it a lot

This course enables you to start doing it (a lot)

Learn the language

Walk through the possibilities

Know the (online) references for the future


end of this week

?Thursday, November 15, 12

planning

Day 1: PHP

Day 2: CodeIgniter

Day 3: MySQL

Day 4: Form Handling & AJAX

Day 5: Integrating (login system)


today

Overview web-development

PHP


OVERVIEW WEB-DEVELOPMENTWhat does it take to build a website


Browser / Frontend

HTML

CSS

Java-script

Content

Style

Behavior


Server / Backend

PHP

database


Front-end & Back-endFrontend

HTML CSS Java-script

Backend

PHP database

generate


PHPScripting


PHP Hypertext Preprocessing

Executed on server

Communication with database

Handle data

Parsing (parts of) HTML


PHP file

write in text-editor

.php

HTML & PHP code

Executed on request by browser

Return HTML to browser


Syntax

<?php

the php code..;

?>

localhost/day1/hello.php


Commenting

One line comment: //...

Multiple line comment: /* ... */


Variables

Store a value in a variable

Use/change the value later on

PHP var starts with $

Name begins with letter or underscore

Name may contain A-z, 0-9, _

Case sensitive


year.php


Main varsint

number

$x = 25;

$y = 25.5;

string

text

$x = “Hello”;

combine with .

$y = “world”;

$z = $x . $y;

array

list of values

$x = array(1,24,12);

to be continued..


Single & double quotes


Exercise

......

Use double quotes for $sentence 1

Use single quotes for $sentence 2


Arithmetic operators


Shortcuts


If


Else


Elseif


Exercise


Logical operators


Exercise

find largest

use AND or &&

indicate if no largest


Arrays

List of values

Stored in 1 variable

Each value has its own index


Numeric Array

Each index is a number


Associative Array

Each index is a word


For loop

Run block of code several times

for(init; condition; increment){

}

optional: stop with break;


Loop over Array


Foreach


Exercise

Create 1 array with your family members

Find a way to store relation and name

Echo per member “I’ve got a relation named name”

So, “I’ve got a brother named Maarten”


Multidimensional Arrays

Array in array

See multidimensional.php


Function

700+ predefined functions

Self-made functions


Create your own function


Function parameters


Default parameters


Exercise

Create calculating function

3 parameter: 2 numbers and the operator (text)

Function returns result

Example: calc(2,3,‘multiply’); //returns 6

Hint: use switch()


Form Handling

PHP can handle the data of an HTML form

Data is communicated in a array named $_POST

See post.php


CODEIGNITERPHP framework


PHP Framework

Set of folders & PHP files

Predefined structure

Many predefined functions


Model View Controller

Separate Lay-out, Logic & Database traffic

Lay-out / view: HTML

Logic / controller: PHP

Database / model: MySQL

Controller

Model View

Request Answer


Model View Controller

Separate Lay-out, Logic & Database traffic

Lay-out / view: HTML

Logic / controller: PHP

Database / model: MySQL

Controller

Model View

Request Answer

database


Sales TextsProductsUsersModels

Product BuyCatalogHomeControllers History

ProductBuyCatalogHomeViews History




BuyCatalogHomeViews HistoryProduct

x5




BuyCatalogHomeViews HistoryProduct

x1


Install

www.codeigniter.com

download

unzip

place content in folder day2 (in www or htdocs)

go to http://localhost/day2


http://www.codeigniter.com

http://www.codeigniter.com

http://localhost/day2

http://localhost/day2

From URL to Controller

Go to http://localhost/day2/index.php/welcome/index

Site url Controller Function

http://localhost/day2/index.php welcome index

Check it in application/controllers/welcome.php


http://localhost/day2/index.php/welcome/index

http://localhost/day2/index.php/welcome/index

http://localhost/day2/index.php

http://localhost/day2/index.php

Loading views

$this->load->view()

CI knows where the views folder is


Sending variables

Create associative array

Send as second parameter in $this->load->view()


Creating more controllers

Duplicate existing

Change filename

Change ClassName (Capitalized)

function index() is called if no function is called in URL


Creating more functions

Create a public function ...()

Load a view

Create the view

Go to URL


Configuring your website

applications/config/config.php

applications/config/autoload.php

applications/config/routes.php


Config.php

Information for CI

URL of the website


Autoload.php

Load libraries & helpers

E.g. Database, Session

Load in autoload.php for site-wide

Load in controller for only that page


Routes.php

Convert URLs to controllers

Point /about-me to controller about


Navigating through your site

Create a view ‘menu_view.php’

Create simple navigation

Use site_url() in links

Load view in top of every view


Using HTML template

Download ‘Template.php’ from dropbox

Place in application/libraries/

Add to $libraries in application/config/autoload.php

Change $this->load->view() to $this->template->load(‘template_view’, ‘viewfile’, vars)


Creating HTML template

Create template_view.php

Add basic HTML structure

Load ‘menu_view.php’ in body


Recreating Calculator

Create controller calculator.php

Add to menu

Create view calculator_view.php

HTML in view, Logic in controller


Form Validation

Lookup at codeigniter reference

Create contact_view.php

Build email form with name, email, message, hidden, submit

Create controller contact.php

Load Form_validation in controller, set up and check for correct values


Send email

Lookup at codeigniter reference

Load Email in controller contact.php

If correct values, send email


Exercise

Create 5 page website (home, about me, portfolio, calculator, contact)

Use template and ‘menu_view.php’

Make calculator and contact work


SQLDatabases


Structured Query Language

Query is a request/command to a database

In our case, a MySQL database


Possibilities

Retrieve data from DB

Insert data in DB

Update data in DB

Delete data from DB

Create tables in DB

> SELECT

> INSERT

> UPDATE

> DELETE


Database

Database is build up in tables

Tables contain records (rows) with data


Select

Select * FROM persons

Select LastName, FirstName FROM persons


Where

SELECT * FROM persons WHERE City = Sandnes

SELECT LastName FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = Tove

= <> < > <= >=


And

SELECT P_id FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = tove AND LastName = Svendson


Order By

SELECT * FROM persons ORDER BY LastName


Insert

INSERT INTO Persons VALUES (4,'Nilsen', 'Johan', 'Bakken 2', 'Stavanger')


Update

UPDATE Persons

SET Address='Nissestien 67', City='Sandnes' WHERE LastName='Tjessem' AND FirstName='Jakob'


Delete

DELETE FROM PersonsWHERE LastName='Tjessem' AND FirstName='Jakob'


CodeIgniter

$this->db->select(‘*’);

$this->db->from(‘persons’);

$this->db->where(‘P_id’, 5);

$this->db->get()->row_array();

$this->db->where(‘P_id’, 5);

$this->db->get(‘persons’)->row_array();


Configuring

application/config/database.php

Enter MySQL Username

Enter MySQL Password

Enter MySQL Database

Add ‘database’ to autoload.php in Libraries


Security

INSERT INTO persons (FirstName, LastName) VALUES (‘Dirk’, ‘Hens’);

Text in FirstName input: Dirk’, ‘Hens’), (‘Jochem

INSERT INTO persons (FirstName, LastName) VALUES (‘Dirk’, ‘Hens’), (‘Jochem’, ‘van Kapel)

CodeIgniter auto adds “”: INSERT INTO persons (FirstName, LastName) VALUES (“‘Dirk’, ‘Hens’), (‘Jochem’”, “‘van Kapel’”);


Education

2012 | PHP by Jochem