PowerPoint Presentation
1Foundation Wine Course IVThe Wines of the New World18 May
2011
Copyright Brian Jamieson
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2Wines of the New WorldSome generalisations:More single
varietals; fewer blendsOften a simplicity of nose, palate and
labelRiper fruit, lower acids and softer tannins often make NW
wines more accessible to Younger generation likely to be introduced
to wine via New World productsSince 1980s widely available in UKIn
your face simplicity v. complexity and subtlety of Old World
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3New World wine timeline1522Mexico1550Chile1655Cape of Good
Hope1788Australia (Botany Bay)1819New Zealand
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4Wine makingClimate advantages over Europes northern
vineyardsTechnical know-how frequently superior to European
winemakersControlled cold fermentation, often in stainless steel, a
necessityCultured yeasts, High-tech approachIrrigation common
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5New technology
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Irrigation
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Mechanical harvesting
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9High-tch cellars
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A lighter approach to marketing!
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12RegulationSimpler than in EuropeMore like trading standards
approach to authenticity and integrityBased on provenance of grapes
and wine, not on methods of viticulture and viniculture
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13Wine 1Neblina Cabernet Sauvignon Ros, 2010Central Valley,
ChileCabernet SauvignonBrief skin contact after crushingCold, slow
fermentationColour: Strong redAroma: red fruits,
strawberries?Palate: fresh, fruityFor summer drinking
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14The AmericasFirst vines thought to have been planted by
Spanish in Mexico (1521)Indigenous vines ( Vitis labrusca) found to
be unsuitable for wine production : used European Vitis vinifera
varieties[But native rootstocks the saviour of European Vitis
vinifera]Migration down west side of both continentsEast coast
production more limited because of humidity and cold winters in
North, but expansion in Uruguay and Brazil in South
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South America
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16Argentina, Chile & UruguayChile , Argentina &
UruguayLong traditions brought by Italian and other Sth European
immigrantsGeographical appellations and districtsGrape variety
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17ChileNo phylloxeraLimitless irrigation from Andean
meltwater.Cooling Pacific breezes; Leyda, San Antonio and
Casablanca valleysLow land and labour costsHuge new investment from
California, France and SpainWorlds tenth largest producer; 85%
exportedMainly single varietals, but Bordeaux blends very
successfulConcha y Toro, Errazuriz, Cono Sur, Vina Leyda Montes,
Emiliana are all reliable brands
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Wine 1
Wine 2
Wine 3
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Wine 3Wine 1
20ArgentinaSixth largest world producerTraditional local
markets; now exporting 65%Quality therefore a major goalMendoza
most successful vineyards; Malbec most typical grape variety with
pedigreeWhite now improving with Spanish Torrontes showing
individual characterCatena Zapata, Mendel, Weinert, Familia
Zuccardi, Di Martino, Norton, Trapiche, Etchart are amongst leading
producers
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Bodegas Catena Zapata, Mendoza
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26Wine 2Faldeos Nevados Torrentes, Salta, Argentina,
2010Torrontes: Spanish grape introduced by Basque settlersCross of
Muscat of Alexandria and Criolla ChicaSusana Balbo, one of
Argentinas top wine makersSalta 5,000 ft on pre-Andes plainsAroma:
Aromatic, floral, grapey (Muscat) nosePalate: Citrus, hint of
peachWith food or on its own?.
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Wine 1
Wine 2
Wine 3
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28Wine 3Matetic EQ Pinot Noir 2008DO San Antonio, ChileClose to
Pacific OceanSelected organic grapes from six vineyards11 months in
French barriques.Aroma: Roses, cherries, strawberries,
marmalade.Palate: Smooth, silky. Cherries, some earthiness.Compare
with Californian Pinot Noir (Wine 4)
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Wine 3Wine 1
30North AmericaUnited States (California) is worlds fourth
largest producerWine made in Canada and Florida in 16C of local
Vitis Labrusca vines Phylloxera and Prohibition interrupt progress,
only restored after WW2 with Approved Viticultural Areas (AVAs)
introduced in 1978AVA controls less stringent than European
appellations, but Health Warnings are taken to ridiculous
lengths!AVAs require at least 75% ( 90% in Oregon) of grape
varietal and 95% of vintage indicated on label
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Wine 4Saintsbury Carneros Pinot Noir, Napa Valley, 2007Cooler
AVA to S of Napa and Sonoma; ideal for Pinot NoirGrapes from
several vineyards and blended after maturation in French oakColour:
Dark, garnet, crimsonAroma: Cherries, pomegranate, earthiness.
Palate: Soft tannins , complex fruits, spiciness, eathiness31
Californian
wine
regions
32Wine 4
33U S A1978 Approved Viticultural Areas (AVAs)First in
Missouri!Now 150Typically 75% & 85% rules on named grapes and
originWinery in every state (even Alaska)Wine grapes grown almost
all states, but California accounts for 90% of wine production
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34U S AOutside California, fine wine most likely to be produced
in Oregon, Washington and British ColumbiaIn California, finest
wines come from Russian River, Sonoma, Napa, Mendocino
countiesStars producers include : Bonny Doon, Mondavi, Ironstone
Ridge, Roederer, Drouhin, Quady, Kendall-Jackson, Stags Leap,
Duckhorn, Beringer, Saintsbury, etc.
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Zinfandel10% of Californian wine grapesEquivalent to the
Croatian grape Crljenak Katelanski, and also the Primitivo variety
traditionally grown in ItalyThe grapes typically produce a robust
red wine35
36Jancis Robinson InterludeOld world v. New worldChardonnaySouth
Australia v Burgundy
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37South Africa
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38South Africa: historyFrost-free winters, reliable summers,
cool breezesCape plantings : Dutch(1655), Huguenots (1680)British
arrival increases demand in 19CPhylloxera cripples tradeRise of
Co-ops: KWV (1918)Expansion discouraged by Govt.WO introduced, but
Apartheid sanctions inhibited growth1990s: Reforms of WO following
democratic elections allow world trade to developNow 8th largest
producer in world (750 million litres)
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Wine 5
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40South AfricaSth AfricaWine of Origin (WO): [e.g Coastal]Wine
Districts: [e.g Paarl]Wine wards: [ e.g. Franschhoek Valley]
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41Wine 5Buitenverwachting Buiten Blanc, Coastal Region, Western
Cape, 2009Grapes sourced from different vineyardsWinery at
Constantia85% Sauvignon Blanc and 15% Chenin BlancSlow, cold
fermentation (16 degs) to preserve aromas and fruitAroma: Fresh,
herbaceous, Palate: Gooseberry acidity, citrus and tropical
fruits
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Buitenverwachting, ConstantiaEst. 179642
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Australia
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46Australia: historyCape vines planted round Sydney
Harbour/Botany Bay(1788)More success in Hunter Valley (1820) with
European rootstockMid 19c expansion into Victoria, Tasmania, SA,
WA, QueenslandInfluence of Silesian, Italian, Swiss, Greek, Baltic
migrantsIn 1930s exported mainly fortified /heavy reds to British
EmpirePost-war immigration of Italians and Greeks encouraged still
winesRenaissance from 1960s with lower yields, stainless steel,
barrique ageing, hygiene, honest labellingFollowing agreement in
1994 with EU, aggressive marketing in UK, SE Asia and USANow
seventh largest producer; exports more wine to UK than France!
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47AustraliaQuality assurance Agricultural shows Show reserve;
rosettes etc1991Geographical Indications (GIs)Zones, Regions and
Sub-regions
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Wine 6
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Wine 6
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Wine 6Turners Crossing, Shiraz, Bendigo, Victoria16 acres;
hand-picked, selected grapesFermentation in wooden (open) and
stainless steel vats (closed)Aromas: Complex! Oak, spice
(cinnamon?), chocolate, soft tanninsPalate: Elements of red and
black berries, chocolate. And spices. A robust, complex wine; needs
food; not for summer quaffing!51
52New ZealandEarliest plantings near AucklandDalmation
immigrants1994 regulatory reformAppellations and sub-regionsIconic
Cloudy Bay Sauvignon BlancAlso Pinot Noir from Martinborough,
Marlborough & Otago
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Sauvignon Blanc- par excellence
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New Zealand54
Wine 7
Wine 7
Ned Noble Sauvignon Blanc , Marlborough, 2010Waihopai River
vineyard Botrytised grapes have been specially selected Lengthy 6
months fermentation extracts huge flavours from the shrivelled
berries.Aroma: Sweet, aromatic, citrus, tropical fruitPalate: The
wine is intensely sweet and balanced (acid/sweetness) with a
mixture of crisp citrus and melon flavoursAn amazing match for blue
cheeses or rich pt55
56Todays wines1.Neblina Cabernet Sauvignon Ros, Central Valley,
Chile, 2010 4.99 * MFaldeos Nevados Torrentes, Salta, Argentina,
20106.95 WSMatetic EG Pinot Noir, San Antonio, Chile, 200822.00
M4.Saintsbury Carneros Pinot Noir, Napa, California, 200715.99
M5.Buiten Blanc Buitenverwachting, Coastal Region, Sth Africa, 2009
6.50 WS6.Turners Crossing Shiraz/Viognier Bendigo, Victoria , 2006
16.99 OZ7.Ned Noble Sauvignon Blanc, Marlborough, NZ, 20109.99 *
M--------------------------------OZ OZ Wines WS Wine Society M
Majestic
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IdentificationBy aroma only, which of todays wines is this?
58Next session
Wednesday 20 July 2011 at 2.30pm
Riesling
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