19th century

Arts

* Encouraged by the heroic ideas of the French Revolution

Romanticism

The lock - Fragonard

Artists used their works for highlighting national identity. Thomas Gainsborough painted many pictures of royalty, as did Jacques-Louis David, who was Napoleon’s official artist.

The artist displayed exoticism by painting new and foreign things, including far away places and odd objects. This idea is illustrated in The Lion Hunt, by Eugene Delacroix.

Horror of the supernatural- the scary creatures and such often seen in romantic artwork. Goya is a supreme example of this. Among his works, Los Caprichos are some of the most noted, and they have to do with the horrors of the supernatural

Romantic spirit was all about loosing formal constraints, giving way to artists to show their individual ideas and emotions.

Many artists painted landscapes that usually showed either nationalism in painting and sketching the land near them, or the exoticism and adventure of far-away places. Also, artists often used nature to convey emotions.

During the Romantic Period, heroism became important. Many people, like Beethoven, believed that the common man could be heroes.

Pre-Raphaelites "The Pre-Raphaelites sought ...to

restore to painting the naturalness and simplicity they insisted it has lost after Raphael by demonstrating in their own art the superiority of realism--freshly observed nature transferred to canvas--to timid emulation.”

Arts and Crafts movementThe Arts and Crafts movement originated

as a reaction against the mass-produced goods of the Industrial Revolution and the intricate and elaborate art forms of the popular Victorian style of art, architecture, furniture and design. The movement embraced a philosophy of handmade products and established a preference for simple forms and unadorned designs.

NaturalismIt describes a true-to-life style which involves the representation or depiction of nature with the least possible distortion or interpretation.

Impressionism Impressionist paintings were

characterized by short and small brush strokes which were used to emphasized fleeting glances of the subject. The painters like to work outdoors where they can clearly see and portray changes in the light patterns

Pointillism

Post-impressionism

Paul Cézanne

Paul Gauguin