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The1950s 1947- 1963
1947Chuck Yeager
broke the sound barrier
with an experimental rocket plane 760 mph =
mach 1
1963
JFK Assassinate
d
This decade is referred to as the
Liberal Liberal ConsensusConsensus
Liberal Consensus
Majority of
peopleagree change
is necessary…
Liberal Consensus
A Change
ConservativisConservativismm
Conservative =
Want to
keep the
Status Quo.
… became the keyCONFORMITYCONFORMITY
offered a sense of Security
UnityProtection
CONFORMITYCONFORMITY
Nuclear FamilyMom, Dad, 2.5 kids
Nuclear Family“BACKBONE” of the LC
Preserved the “American way of life”Establish moral fiber (i.e. anti-comm)
Nuclear FamilyStrong family unit =
strong sense of security and protection
Role of Television
• TV FLATTENED society– No class– No race– No conflicts
• IF a minority shown…– in stereotype–Ex: “Buckwheat” of The Little Rascals
Role of Television
Role of Television in 50s
Role: Role:
Encouraged Encouraged people to people to
conform to conform to what they saw what they saw
on TVon TV
Role of religion
Religion = nationalismReligion = nationalism
Promoted unityPromoted unity
Increase in Increase in ProtestantProtestantismism
Reinforced Reinforced moralitymorality
G.I. Bill• Signed by Truman in 1944•Money provided to returning WWII soldiers
- Mostly veterans at 1st
- All uniform appearance
- Prefabricated parts
-Paved streets
Characteristics & “Rules”
http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~hst203/images3/levittown.jpg
-Paved streets
- Had appliances
- Approved lines only
- No clothes line on Sun.
Characteristics & “Rules”
-Trees 28’ apart
- Only door chimes
- Supervised lawn cutting
- No fences
Characteristics & “Rules”
http://server1.fandm.edu/levittown/images/lg_jpegs/D13G2.jpg
http://server1.fandm.edu/levittown/images/lg_jpegs/D14G3.jpg
http://server1.fandm.edu/levittown/images/lg_jpegs/D14G5a.jpg
http://web.clas.ufl.edu/users/chmonty/amh2020/image2RJ.JPG
Open Floor Plan
Picture Windows
Expandable attics… carports too!
Built-in Kitchen
Indoor / Outdoor Living
Impacts of the Suburbs
• Forced community
“It takes a village”
• Development of highway system
http://drake.marin.k12.ca.us/academics/comacad/decades%2000/1950's/goodrefrig.JPG
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.truetoneradioland.com/television001005.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.truetoneradioland.com/page15.htm&h=491&w=437&sz=201&tbnid=yC24nDBWTGIPhM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=113&hl=en&start=6&prev=/images%3Fq%3D1950s%2Bfurniture%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D
http://automaticwasher.org/COLLECTIONS/GANSKY1/01@WO-65%20Washer%201950%20%20TR-60%20Filtra-Matic%20Dryer%[email protected]
►Increase in consumer societyIncrease in consumer society
Joseph McCarthy
Elizabeth
Bentley
J. Robert Oppenheim
er
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
Klaus Fuchs, Harry Gold,David Greenglass
Alger Hiss
The Hollywoo
d Ten
Action in the North Atlantic (1943)
* assault on American isolationists
* supported Stalin’s purges * anti-fascist
Song of Russia (1944) * smiling Russian children
Mission to Mars (1945) * Russians calling our men
“comrade”
Agencies and Laws• McCarren Act:• HUAC: • CIA: • NSC: • FBI:
The Beat GenerationJack Kerouac
1923-1969Allen Ginsberg
1926-1997William Burroughs *
1914-1997
Poets influenced by Walt Whitman
What does “Beat” mean? beat, beattitude, beatific(ation)
Greenwich Village, NY to San FranciscoUsually male (?) & homosexual or bisexualDressed in all black
• On the Road by Jack Kerouac–Autobiographical–“stream of consciousness” – on “the roll”,
no margins, no paragraphs, single lines–Myth = written in 3 weeks • Written over 7 years in small notebooks
• “Howl” by Allen Ginsberg- 3 part poem about experiences with friends
• Naked Lunch by William Burroughs- Time magazine’s “100 Best English-
Language Novels from 1923-2005
Had different expectations than parents
“Searching for significance in life”
“Brought poetry out of the Ivory Tower and back to the streets” – Berkeley U.
Nicknamed Beatniks (derogatory)
Elvis Presley Musician / Singer White Southerner Sang “Black” music Danced provocatively Wore flashy clothes Wore make-up Androgynous (what is this?) Dissolved segregation by crossing
culture boundaries
Suez Canal Crisis – 1956-7
Sputnik - 1957