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By: Ms. Susan M. PojerAdditional content by Matt López & History Alive!
By: Ms. Susan M. PojerAdditional content by Matt López & History Alive!
Problems of Sectional Balancein 1850
Problems of Sectional Balancein 1850
ß California statehood.
ß Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.
ß Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
Personal liberty laws
Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)
ß California statehood.
ß Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.
ß Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
Personal liberty laws
Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)
Houghton Mifflin
Compromise of 1850
HarrietBeecherStowe
(1811 – 1896)
HarrietBeecherStowe
(1811 – 1896)
So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln
So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1852
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1852 Sold 300,000
copies inthe first year.
2 million in a decade!
Sold 300,000 copies inthe first year.
2 million in a decade!
The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]
The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]
ß Nativists.
ß Anti-Catholics.
ß Anti-immigrants.
ß Nativists.
ß Anti-Catholics.
ß Anti-immigrants.
1849 Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.
1849 Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.
1852 Presidential 1852 Presidential ElectionElection1852 Presidential 1852 Presidential ElectionElection
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil
1852Electi
on Resul
ts
1852Electi
on Resul
ts
Docs
Houghton Mifflin
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Would let people of Kansas and Nebraska decide whether to have slavery or not (popular sovereignty)
Birth of the Republican Party, 1854Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings.
ß Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings.
ß Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Republican Platform of 1856 This Convention of Delegates, assembled in
pursuance of a call addressed to the people of the United States, without regard to past political differences or divisions, who are opposed to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise; to the policy of the present Administration; to the extension Slavery into Free Territory; in favor of the admission of Kansas as a Free State; of restoring the action of the Federal Government to the principles of Washington and Jefferson; and for the purpose of presenting candidates for the offices of President and Vice-President, do…
Documents 1-5
Review
Kansas-Nebraska Act…
“Bleeding Kansas”“Bleeding Kansas”
http://www.cs.cornell.edu/nystrom/images/Antietam/fullsize/hf-john-brown.jpg
John Brown
Murders five pro-slavery settlers in Kansas
Flees to Canada
“The Crime Against Kansas”
“The Crime Against Kansas”
Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)
Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)
Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)
Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)
1856 Presidential 1856 Presidential ElectionElection1856 Presidential 1856 Presidential ElectionElection
James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican American
(Know Nothing) / Whig
James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican American
(Know Nothing) / Whig
Dred Scott
Sued his master saying he should be free
Causes?
Effects? Cotton prices remain stable Attempted Homestead Act Desire for higher tariff
Panic of 1857
http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/gal/chs30367.html#about and http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/gal/chs30368.html
Lincoln & Douglas Debates 1858
•Running for senator from Illinois
•Mainly focused on slavery
Douglas’ Freeport Doctrine
Supreme Court ruling on slavery didn’t necessarily matter
Territorial legislatures could refuse to enact the type of police regulations necessary to make slavery work
Without a legal framework and enforcement officials, slavery would be excluded
Republican Party
Abraham Lincoln
•New party
•No more new slave states
“A house divided against itself can not stand”
“A house divided against itself can not stand”
In my opinion, it will not cease until a crisis shall have been reached and passed. "A house divided against itself cannot stand." I believe this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in the course of ultimate extinction, or its advocates will push it forward till it shall become alike lawful in all the states, old as well as new, North as well as South
http://www.cs.cornell.edu/nystrom/images/Antietam/fullsize/hf-john-brown.jpg
John Brown
Led a raid on federal arsenal to steal guns to arms slaves
http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/playlists/exclusive-video#john-brown
18601860ElectionElection
18601860ElectionElection
Abraham LincolnRepublican
Abraham LincolnRepublican
John BellConstitutional
Union
John BellConstitutional
Union
Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat
Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
Republican Party Platform 1860Republican Party Platform 1860Non-extension of slavery (for Free-Soilers)
Protective tariff (for the N. Industrialists)
No abridgment of rights for immigrants (a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”)
Government aid to build a Pacific RR (for the Northwest)
Internal improvements at federal expense. (for the West)
Free homesteads for the public domain (for farmers)
Non-extension of slavery (for Free-Soilers)
Protective tariff (for the N. Industrialists)
No abridgment of rights for immigrants (a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”)
Government aid to build a Pacific RR (for the Northwest)
Internal improvements at federal expense. (for the West)
Free homesteads for the public domain (for farmers)
1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”
1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”
1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
Crittenden Compromise:
A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Crittenden Compromise:
A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden
(Know-Nothing-KY)
Senator John J. Crittenden
(Know-Nothing-KY)
Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860
Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861