Urban Urban TransportTransport

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT

Riza Atiq bin O.K. RahmatRiza Atiq bin O.K. Rahmat

What is Environmental Impact What is Environmental Impact Assessment?Assessment?

http://www.jas.sains.my/doe/egeia.htmhttp://www.jas.sains.my/doe/egeia.htm The aim of the environmental impact assessment is to

assess the overall impact on the environment of development projects proposed by the public and private sectors. The objectives of environmental impact assessment are:

1. To examine and select the best from the project options available; 

2. To identify and incorporate into the project plan appropriate abatement and mitigating measures; 

3. To predict significant residual environmental impacts;  4. To determine the significant residual environmental

impacts predicted; and 5. To identify the environmental costs and benefits of the

project to the community.

Why do we need EIA?Why do we need EIA? EIA is essentially a planning tool for preventing environmental problems due to an action. It seeks to avoid costly mistakes in project implementation, either because of the environmental damages that are likely to arise during project implementation, or because of modifications that may be required subsequently in order to make the action environmentally acceptable. In Malaysia, EIA is required under section 34A, Environmental Quality Act, 1974.

Parameters likely to be addressed in the description of an EIAParameters likely to be addressed in the description of an EIA

http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/V9933E/V9933E04.htm

Environmental issues of a projectEnvironmental issues of a project

Project site

Physical and Natural Environment•Soil erosion•Water (change in hydrological characteristic, change in water quality)•Flora (impact on rare plant species)•Fauna (Impact on rare animal species)

Humans and Social Environment•Noise•Air quality•Society life•Land use•Cultural heritage•Landscape

Development Impact on EnvironmentDevelopment Impact on EnvironmentImpact on Construction During operationSoil and erosion

Water (Change in hydrological characteristics)

Flora

Fauna

Noise

Air quality

Society life and economical activity

Land use (possible conflicts)

Cultural heritage

Landscape (Compatibility with the plans of nature frame

Example: NoiseExample: Noise

15.2m

73dB

30.4m

70dB

88km/hr

Continuous noise of 80dB will damage human hearing

Example: MitigationExample: Mitigation

Noise barrier(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_barrier)

Example: Example: Change in hydrological characteristics

25% surface penetration

25% deep penetration

10% runoff water

40% evaporate

10% surface penetration

5% deep penetration

55% runoff water

30% evaporate