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Features of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks.
Citation preview
Describe your rock.
Include information like
-Colour of minerals
-Fossils etc.
Identifying the Different Types of Rocks
Learning Objectives:
• To compare and contrast the three types of rocks – igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary.
• To know examples of each type of rock such as limestone, granite and slate.
• To be able to identify rocks by observing their physical appearance.
Sedimentary rocks
Sandstone
Conglomerate
Limestone
Metamorphic rocks
Slate
Marble
Quartzite
Igneous rocks
Granite
Pumice
Obsidian
SummarySedimentary,
igneous or metamorphic?
How they were formed
Appearance
(e.g. sandstone, limestone, chalk)
Small pieces of sediment were stuck together by salt and pressure from rocks above
Usually soft, can contain fossils, easily eroded
(e.g. basalt, granite)
Liquid rock (magma or lava) cooled down and turned back into a solid
Contain crystals, very hard, never contain fossils
(e.g. marble, slate)
Other rocks were acted on by heat and pressure over a long time
Sometimes have tiny crystals, no fossils, always hard and sometimes arranged in layers
SummarySedimentary,
igneous or metamorphic?
How they were formed
Appearance
(e.g. sandstone, limestone, chalk)
Small pieces of sediment were stuck together by salt and pressure from rocks above
Usually soft, can contain fossils, easily eroded
(e.g. basalt, granite)
Liquid rock (magma or lava) cooled down and turned back into a solid
Contain crystals, very hard, never contain fossils
(e.g. marble, slate)
Other rocks were acted on by heat and pressure over a long time
Sometimes have tiny crystals, no fossils, always hard and sometimes arranged in layers
Identifying Rocks
• You have a variety of rocks.• Identify which rock type each one belongs to.• Give reasons for your choices.• Record your results in a table:
Rock name Rock Type Reason for rock type
Drawing
Sedimentary rocksHow sedimentary rocks are formed:
1) Weathering
2) Transportation
4) Burial
3) Deposition
Metamorphic rocksMetamorphic rocks are formed by the combined effect of heat and pressure on other rocks:
Pressure from rocks above…
…and heat from magma nearby
Igneous rocksIgneous rocks are formed when lava or magma cools down and solidifies
If the lava or magma cools QUICKLY it has SMALL crystals
If the lava or magma cools SLOWLY it has BIG crystals
Which Rock?
• Card sort.• Identify the features of sedimentary,
igneous & metamorphic rocks.• Remember:
– Sediment suggests that heavy particles fall and collect over each other.
– Igneous involves great amounts of heat.– Metamorphosis means change, like “Morph”
on TV.
Identifying the Different Types of Rocks
Learning Objectives:
• To compare and contrast the three types of rocks – igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary.
• To know examples of each type of rock such as limestone, granite and slate.
• To be able to identify rocks by observing their physical appearance.