What sustainability means in mining today or what mining means to sustainability? - Corina Hebestreit

What sustainability

means in mining today-or what mining means to

sustainability?

Corina Hebestreit

Mining on Top: Helsinki

16/17 September 2013

Mark Cutifani, CEO, Anglo-American

(Montreal 2013)

� “Mining represents around 10 per cent of the world’s economic activity as

measured by the revenues from the commodity mining, quarrying and the

petroleum sectors. It is estimated payments to service and support industries

account for another 10 per cent of global economic activity. If we then

count the contribution our products make to the productive capacity of

other industries…including fertilisers for agriculture, fuel for energy and

transportation, carbon and iron for steel and manufacturing and other

European association for mining industries, metal ores and industrial minerals

transportation, carbon and iron for steel and manufacturing and other

products for construction we get to a global economic contribution estimate

of more than 45 per cent for the mining industry.

� Now, if we then consider we disturb less than 1 per cent of the earth’s

surface in making this contribution, we produce less than 3 per cent of

carbon gases and we are the key source of products that clean the water

we drink and the air we breathe, it is not an unreasonable claim that we are

the most important industrial activity on the face of the planet. At the same

time we are also the world’s most vital industry to help ensure the future

health of our planet.”

Mining and Minerals’ contribution to

� human well-being

� eco-system well-being


� economic viability:

project,

community,

country,

Europe

Contribution to Human well-being

� In general:

� Society

� Investors that risk their capital

� Management and workers being employed

Host communities that experience direct


� Host communities that experience direct

employment as well as secondary and tertiary

benefits

Human well-being

� Objective: The project or operation will lead directly or

indirectly to the maintenance of improvement of people’s

well-being during the life of the project/operation and/or in

post-closure.

Results to be assessed by factors such as


� Results to be assessed by factors such as � Community organisation and capacity

� Social/cultural integrity

� Worker and population health,

safety and well-being

� Availability of basic infrastructure

Contribution to

Eco-system well-being

� Chemical impacts

� Physical impacts


� Biological impacts

Potential chemical impacts

and remedies

� Discharge of contaminants to surface and groundwater

� Discharge to contaminants to air

� Discharge of contaminants in accidental spills

� Transfer of solid waste to landfills and hazardous waste to

treatment or storage facilities


treatment or storage facilities

� Closure of facilities to ensure human safety and

ecosystem integrity

� Clean-up of previously contaminated sites

Potential physical impacts

and remedies

� Alternation of surface water of ground water flow systems

� Restructuring of land

� Instability

� Noise generation


� Closure of facilities

� Restoration of topography

� Increased stability

� Restoration of surface and groundwater

flow systems

Potential biological impacts

and remedies

� Alteration of habitats

� Closure of facilities/revegetation


� Restoration/improvement of

wildlife habitats

� Enhancement of human and

wildlife interaction

Modern mining explained

European association for mining industries, metal ores and industrial mineralswww.icmm.com

A contribution to

Europe’s Resource Efficiency

� Resource Efficiency should yield optimum solutions to the

trade-offs that exist between different environmental

objectives and the environmental, social and economic

imperatives of Sustainable Development.

The result should be an economy that optimises its use of

11


� The result should be an economy that optimises its use of

resources and, therefore, results in improved living conditions

and reduced waste globally.

� Rehabilitation of old tailings is such a win-win situation if the

economics and legal framework conditions are right.

BOOK - 101 Things to Do

with a Hole in the Ground

Making use of the land as a resource

European association for mining industries, metal ores and industrial minerals12

Economic Viability

� Project or operations economics

� Operational efficiencies

� Economic contributions

� Community/regional economics


Community/regional economics

� National and European broader economics

Institutional arrangements and

governance

� European Laws - compliance

� National Mining Laws - compliance

� Permits - compliance

� Internal Management Systems


Internal Management Systems

� Audits

� Reporting and Assurance

Mark Cutifani, CEO, Anglo-American

(Montreal 2013)

� “We must engage our political and community leaders to help them

understand our role in society…and the long-term destruction their policies

and approaches to mining are reaping on their own constituencies.

� We must dedicate ourselves to working with local partners to solve the

problems our close proximity to their communities creates for them in terms

of social development.


of social development.

� While we need governments at all levels to help us engage in these local

conversations, it will remain our responsibility to connect with our local

stakeholders if we are to effectively navigate the complexities of these

relationships. If we cannot engage constructively with our immediate

neighbours, how can we expect to lead the world in a new set of

conversations around our role in society?

� We must step more boldly into a world of aggressive and consultative social,

technical and commercial innovation.”

Europe’s contribution to the discussion:

the RMI and EIP


EIP on Raw Materials

Europe´s mineral wealth


Strategic Implementation Plan to be adopted on 25 September 2013

� 3.1 Technology Pillar

� 3.1.1 Priority Area: Raw materials research coordination (WP1&2)

� 3.1.2 Priority Area: Technologies for primary and secondary raw materials production (WP1)

� 3.1.3 Priority Area: Substitution of raw materials (WP2)

� 3.2 Non-Technology Policy Pillar


� 3.2 Non-Technology Policy Pillar

� 3.2.1 Priority Area: Improving Europe's raw materials regulatory framework, knowledge base and infrastructure (WP 3)

� 3.2.2 Priority Area: Improving Europe's waste management regulatory framework conditions and excellence (WP4)

� 3.2.3 Priority Area: Knowledge and skills on raw materials (WP 3 & 4)

� 3.3 International Cooperation Pillar (WP5)

� 3.3.1 Priority area – Strategic international dialogues

� 3.3.2 Priority area – Technology-related international cooperation

� 3.3.3 Priority area – International dialogues on trade-related matters

� Specific actions:� Deep exploration

� Zero waste mining

� Mining of small deposits

� Invisible mine

� Deep-sea mining

Work items: Research

these topics will be covered by

official calls for projects under Horizon 2020


Deep-sea mining

� Metallurgical Processing of complex and/or low grade resources

� Flexible and mobile processing plants for industrial minerals and aggregates

� Recovery of technology metals from complex end-of-life products

� Recovery of materials from packaging

� Supply of construction materials from urban mines

� “Zero Waste” paper recycling mill

� Substitution of Rare earth elements in permanent magnets and their

applications

� Reduction / substitution of CRM in rechargeable batteries

� PGM Catalysts substitution

� Substitution of Indium in transparent conductive layers

Substitution of REE in lighting photovoltaic materials

Research – 2 -


� Substitution of REE in lighting photovoltaic materials

� Substituting CRMs in hard materials and super alloys

� Substitution of Natural rubber in tyres

� Substitution of Titanium dioxide in construction applications

European Innovation Partnership on

Raw Materials


http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/raw-materials/innovation-

partnership/index_en.htm

Strategic Implementation Plan

to be adopted on 25th September 2013!

Call for expression of commitment

coming up in October!

Mission & Vision


SRA:

NEW

SRA:

Strategic

Ambitions

2012 - 2020Website: www.etpsmr.orgInformation on EPT SMR and its tasks

The way to achieve it� Joint RTD: Collaborative efforts by the various institutions and

governments in the EU Member States and with other non-EU players� New projects� Transfer of know-how between subsectors� Transfer of know-how from other sectors

Multi-disciplinary research and innovation implementation


� Multi-disciplinary research and innovation implementation

� Joint RTD programming: The ERA-MIN will provide a starting point: � Inclusion of more Member States into ERA-MIN

� Joint development of education and training: � KIC on raw materials

� Continued platform for cooperation between relevant institutions and companies at EU level

� More coordination calls

� Regional brokerage for research results and innovation � Conferences and use of existing national innovation agencies

Vision 2050 needed

Economic framework conditions: key factors

Access to Land

� Acceptance of temporary nature of land use

� Reliability of permitting process and time lines

� Agreement on closure objectives

Access to Energy at competitive prices


Access to Energy at competitive prices

Access to transport and logistics

Access to markets

� Acceptance of scientifically based, but risk management

approaches

Social and governance issues:

Trends in Europe

� Increasing democratisation process

� « Representative democracy » is turning into a « base

democracy »

� General public is questioning the decisions by authorities

� General public is not trusting industry in general

Decision making on permits becomes a political issue either by


� Decision making on permits becomes a political issue either by

demand of the public or by delegation of authorities and

politicians

� Competent authorities: Decreasing capacities due to cost-

cutting in the economic crisis

� External auditing is taking over the control by the competent

authorities – but will it be more reliable and trustworthy

Europe´s legal framework

for investments

� FINLAND : 95

� SWEDEN : 93

� IRELAND : 90

� NORWAY : 82Where is the rest


� NORWAY : 82

� GREENLAND : 80

� SPAIN : 54

� BULGARIA: 54

the rest of Europe?

On-going issues and debates

in the EU

� Fair distribution of revenues: royalties, taxes and

other benefits

� Decision making: transparency, competence, de-

politicising of permitting


� Capacity building in industry and competent

authorities

Need to benefit from European and international discussions: overcoming nationalistic approaches!

Sustainable mining in Europe?

� Geological potential - yes!

� Products - yes!

� Production - yes, but

improvements needed


� Know-how - yes, but future

developments needed

� Social License to operate - not everywhere!

Therefore: substantially more communication and

dialogue needed! At local level, at regional level, at

European level.

Economy & Finance

What sustainability means in mining today or what mining means to sustainability? - Corina Hebestreit