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Session III: Improving transitions for youth to
further education, training and employment
Anil Verma, Ph.D.Professor
Centre for Industrial Relations & Human Resources &and
Rotman School of Management
University of Toronto
October 2015
Southeast Asia
• Youth make up about 19% of the region’s total population.
• Over 60% of the world’s youth live in Asia-Pacific. This translates into more than 750 million young women and men aged 15-24 years.
Progress
• Significant strides made in educational attainment. The region is on track to meet MDG 2 on universal primary education.
• Net enrolment in secondary education steadily increasing: now 64.1%, slightly above the world average of 62.5%.
Challenges Ahead
• Transition to the labour market remains a major challenge; youth unemployment more than double the rate of the total working age population.
• The proportion of adolescent and youth migrants in the total international migrant population is 19% in Southeast Asia, most of them are women.
Gender
• Gender inequalities have been reduced at all education levels, primary, secondary and tertiary, in most countries.
• Young women, however, are underrepresented in the labour market, and are an untapped resource for future economic growth.
From World Employment & Social Outlook, ILO, 2015
Southeast Asia: The Employment Picture and Challenges
• Unemployment is relatively low compared to some other regions of the world
• Recovery from the financial crisis of 2009 has been slow
• Youth unemployment is high relatively to the main labour force
9
10
11
for Youth: Southeast Asia
Demand for High Skills
Sup
ply
of H
igh
Ski
lls
Supply-side Approaches
Boost post-secondary enrollmentsIncentives for apprenticeshipsIncentives for trainingTarget key groups: youth, women,
minoritiesBridging programs
Role of Universities & Colleges
• Niagara College as an Exemplar– Programs pertinent to local industry:
viniculture, tourism & hospitality– Local labour market surveys– Internships– Research Projects– Contract research with industry
Not just supply, also demand..
First Theorem of the Skilled Jobs Economy
Role of Industry Networks (Non-profits)
Policy Proposal: Audit & Benchmarking for Educational & Training Institutions
• Periodic curriculum review– Self-study– External review
• Joint boards with industry• Local labour market surveys• Apprenticeships• Fast-track approval of new &
modified programs