Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
REDD Plus and Indigenous Peoples: Opportunities and Risks
IFAD, 25 June 2010
Victoria Tauli-Corpuz Member, UN Permanent Forum on
Indigenous IssuesExecutive Director, Tebtebba
TebtebbaIndigenous Peoples’ International Centre for Policy Research and Education
International concept
OUTLINE:
1. History of REDD Plus
2. Indigenous Peoples' Engagement
3. Opportunities
4. Risks
5. Road ahead
International concept
• Deforestation and forest degradation account for 13-17% of annual global greenhouse gas emissions
• It is not addressed by the Kyoto Protocol
• Deforestation is occurring mainly in tropical forest countries which are all non-Annex I countries
• Drivers are multiple and diverse
4http://blog.conservation.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/400_Global_GHG_Emissions.gif
• The UN Food and Agriculture Organization tables on changes in forested land by country: www.fao.org/forestry/site/32033/en/
The UN Food and Agriculture Organization tables on changes in forested land by country: www.fao.org/forestry/site/32033/en/
6
History (inside UNFCCC)
• 1997/2001 KP addresses only A/R in CDM, AD too controversial at the time
• 2007 Bali Action Plan takes up idea of creating incentives to keep forests intact by making trees standing more valuable than felled (REDD)
• 2009 CA:3 B USD funding of REDD-plus • 2010 SBSTA-32 identifies governance
challenges(safeguards; demonstration activities; policies to tackle drivers; MRV; steps for readiness phase; methodological guidance; credible reference levels; coordination among institutions; etc.)
6
7
History (outside UNFCCC)
• 2005 CfRN (led by Costa Rica and PNG) introduces proposal to include land use and forestry in climate regime
• 2007 Stern Report• 2007 First Forest Day at COP-13, Bali• 2008 UN-REDD Programme and WB
Forest Carbon Partnership Facility• 2008 Eliasch Review• 2010 Paris-Oslo Process
7
8
History (outside UNFCCC)
• 2005 CfRN (led by Costa Rica and PNG) introduces proposal to include land use and forestry in climate regime
• 2007 Stern Report• 2007 First Forest Day at COP-13• 2008 UN-REDD Programme and WB
Forest Carbon Partnership Facility• 2008 Eliasch Review• 2010 Paris-Oslo Process
8
9
Objective of REDD Plus
• Pay compensation to tropical forest countries to stop deforestation and reduce forest degradation to contribute to reduction of CO2 emissions and removals or sequestration of CO2.
9
10
Approaches and risks
RED/REDD• narrow focus on forest carbon stocks
REDD-plus• “conservation” – risk of evictions and
loss of rights for indigenous peoples and local communities
• “sustainable management of forests” could include subsidies to commercial logging operations
10
11
Approaches and risks
“enhancement of forest carbon stocks” could result in conversion of land (including forests) to industrial tree plantations, with serious implications for biodiversity, forests and local communities
11
12
Approaches and risks
-exclusion from decision-making due to centralized , top-down forest management-Renewed state control over forests-Violations of rights over forests and forest resources, free, prior and informed consent-Land speculation, land grabs
- Perverse incentives12
13
Global Canopy Project, Little REDD+ Book, 2008
14
REDD+ mechanism designLeakage (national and international)
Permanence
Geographical scale of REDD+ accounting
Baseline setting, emissions reference levels
Safeguards (environmental and social)
Country levelMonitoring, Reporting, Verification (MRV)
Good governance (transparency, accountability, inclusiveness)
Fair distribution of benefits
15
Opportunities:• engagement with REDD Plus processes to
influence the design and architecture at global and national levels.
• Push for needed policy reforms on forests, forest governance and indigenous peoples' rights.
• Equitable sharing of benefits• Integration of indigenous peoples' knowledge
systems and practices on forest management.• Implementation of safeguard policies
International concept
Gains:• Language in the UNFCCC Negotiated
Texts which contain references to IP rights.
REDD Plus Text (FCCC/AWGLCA/2009/17)
• Para 2(c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, by taking into account relevant international obligations,..and noting that the UN General Assembly adopted the UNDRIP.
International concept
Gains:• Language in the UNFCCC Negotiated
Texts which contain references to IP rights.
REDD Plus Text (FCCC/AWGLCA/2009/17)
• Para 2(c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, by taking into account relevant international obligations,..and noting that the UN General Assembly adopted the UNDRIP.
International concept
• d) full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders, in particular, indigenous peoples
and local communities.
• SBSTA (Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice) Decision in COP 15
Recognizing the need for full and effective engagement of indigenous peoples and local communities in, and the potential contribution of their knowledge in monitoring and reporting of REDD Plus.
• Concrete work on the ground with partners
Imugan, Nueva Viscaya, PhilippinesExchange Visit on Traditional Forest Management
and Carbon Stock Calculation, January 2010
Loita Naimina Enkiyio Forest(Traditionally Managed by Loita Maasai People)
Loita Division, Kenya and Tanzania Border
After a Focused Group discussion with the Loita Council of Elders on Traditional Forest
ManagementFebruary 2010
“Dahas” (Traditionally Managed Forest) Tanjung, Ketapang, Indonesia
Visit, November 2009
Nursery for reforestation project of Cerra Miramar(with Waldo, President of Tasba Pri Territorial
Assembly)
5. Road Ahead• Continue engagement with UNFCCC
climate change talks and COPs (Cancun and beyond) to protect gains and push for more)
• Development of REDD framework and design at national levels
• Rio Plus 20 Preparatory Meetings and Conference on 2012
Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
Websites: www.tebtebba.org
www.indigenousclimate.org
THANK YOU!
DAKKEL AY IYAMAN!
