Middle East Countries

Middle – East

Countries

اسالمی • جمهوریایران

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kuwait_City.jpg

Introduction Majority of Western Asia & Egypt - excluding Caucasus

Largest ethnic group in the Middle East – Arabs

• Turks, Turkomans, Persians, Kurds, Azeris, Copts, Jews

• Assyrians, Maronites, Circassians, Somalis, Armenians, Druze

Historical origin - Judaism, Christianity, & Islam

Around the Persian Gulf have large quantities of crude

oil

Strategically, economically, politically, culturally,

religiously sensitive

Middle - East Bahrain

Cyprus

Egypt

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Northern Cyprus

Oman

Palestine

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Syria

Turkey

U.A.E.

Yemen

Iran

Iraq

Kuwait

Saudi

Arabia

Qatar

UAE

GDP [real] -

• Turkey (US $ 0.794 tn), Saudi Arabia (US $

0.727 tn), Iran (US $ 0.548 tn)

GDP [PPP] -

• Turkey (US $ 1.142 tn), Iran (US $ 1.016 tn),

Saudi Arabia (US $ 0.921 tn)

GDP per capita [PPP] -

• Qatar (US $ 103,900), UAE (US $ 49,800),

Kuwait (US $ 40,500)

• Israel (US $ 33,900), Saudi Arabia (US $ 31,800)

Lowest ranking - West Bank (US $ 2,900), Yemen

(US $ 2,300)

Strict Arabic

Punishments

Kingdom ofSaudi Arabia

Mid

dle

- East

Introduction - KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

[Monarchy]

King & Prime Minister – ABDALLAH bin

Abd al-Aziz Al Saud

Birthplace to Islam, holiest shrines -

Mecca & Medina

Dry desert – great temperature

extremes

Leverage on shipping – Persian Gulf &

Suez Canal

Arabs: 90% & Afro-Asian: 10% [Arabic]

[Muslims]

Area - 2,149,690 sq km [13th]

Unemployment – 10.6 %, Population -

26,939,583

Military Budget – 9.1 % of GDP

Economy - KSA Leader in OPEC, 17 % of world’s proven petroleum

reserves

Petroleum – Budget [80 %]; GDP [45 %]; Exports

[90 %]

King Abdallah University of Science & Technology – Job

Training & Education

GDP [real] - $ 727.3 bn

GDP [PPP] - $ 921.7 bn

GDP per capita [PPP] - $ 31,800

GDP real growth rate – 6.8 %

crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics, metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft

repair, construction

Currency – Saudi

Riyals [SAR]

1 USD = 3.75 SAR

1 SAR = 16.71 INR

Reserves of

FE & Gold

US $ 656.9

bn

Exports – US $ 395 bn

Export goods –

• petroleum & its product [90 %]

Main export partners – US [14.3 %], China [13.7 %],

Japan [13.7 %],

S. Korea [9.9 %], India [8.2 %],

Singapore [4.3 %]

Imports – US $ 136.8 bn

Import goods –

• machinery & equipments, foodstuffs

• motor vehicles, textiles, chemicals

Import partners – China [13.5 %], US [13.2 %], S.

Korea [6.7 %]

Germany [6.5 %], India [6.3 %],

Japan [6 %]

Crude Oil Production – 10

mn bbl/day [2nd]

Crude Oil Exports – 6.68 mn

bbl/day [1st]

Crude Oil Proved Reserves –

264.6 bn bbl [1st]

Natural Gas Production – 99.23

bn cu m

Natural Gas Proved Reserves –

8.028 tn cu m [5th]

Mecca Madina

CapitalRiyadh

State of KuwaitAttacked and overrun by Iraq

on 2nd August 1990

Following several weeks of aerial bombardment, a `US-led, UN coalition began a

ground assault on 23 February 1991 - liberated

Kuwait in 4 days

Spent morethan US $ 5 bn to repair oil

infrastructure damaged during 1990-91

Population - 2,695,316

Chief of StateAmir SABAH al-Ahmad al - Jabir al-Sabah

[Kuwait City]

Mid

dle

- East

Area - 17,818 sq km [158th]

GDP [real] – US $ 173.4 bn [5.1 %]

GDP [PPP] – US $ 153.4 bn

GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 40,500

Exports – US $ 121 bn

Imports – US $ 22.79 bn

Crude Oil Proved Reserves - 101.5 bn

bbl

Crude Oil Exports - 1.365 mn bbl/day

Kuwaiti Dinar

1 KWD = 3.53

USD

1 KWD = 221.56

INR

Area - 11,586 sq km [166th]

GDP [real] – US $ 183.4 bn [6.6 %]

GDP [PPP] – US $ 191 bn


[1st]

Exports – US $ 133.7 bn

Crude Oil [PR] – 25 bn bbl [57 yrs]

Natural Gas [PR] – 25.2 tm cu m [3rd]

[13 %]

Unemployment Rate – 0.5 % [3rd]

Hamad International Airport – 24

million

Qatari Rials

1 USD = 3.64

QAR

1 QAR = 17.21

INR

State of Qatar[Doha]

Aljazeera News

Network

Assisted Libya

Revolution

Mid

dle

- East

Gulf War [1990–91]

Iran–Iraq War [1980-88]

IslamicRepublicOf Iran

Persia until 1935

US-Iranian: Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran

in 1979 to 1981

US cut off diplomatic relations - April 1980

During the period 1980-88: Iran – Iraq war – US Navy and

Iranian military forces

Designated state sponsor of terrorism & nuclear weapons

ambitions [IAEA]

Remains subject to US, UN, and EU economic sanctions

and export

[Tehran]

GDP [real] – US $ 548.9 bn [- 1.9 %]

GDP [PPP] – US $ 1.016 tn


Exports – US $ 65.33 bn; Imports – US

$ 66.97 bn

Crude Oil [PR] – 151.2 bn bbl [4th]

Crude Oil Exports – 1.5 mn bbl/day

Natural Gas [PR] – 33.07 tm cu m [2nd]

Unemployment Rate – 15.5 %

Inflation [Consumer Prices] – 27.1 %

Iranian Rials

1 USD = 24,833

IRR

1 INR = 397.86

IRR

RepublicOf Iraq

SADDAM Husayn [2003]

Territorial disputes with Iran - inconclusive & costly eight

year war [1980-88]

In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait but was expelled by US led, UN coalition forces during

the Gulf War of 1991

Following Kuwait's liberation, the UNSC - Iraq

to scrap all weapons of mass destruction

US-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003

US military operations there ended in

mid-December 2011

[Baghdad]

Mid

dle

- East

GDP [real] – US $ 212.5 bn [8.4 %]




$ 56.89 bn



Unemployment Rate – 16 %

Iraqi Dinars

1 USD = 1,163

IQD

1 INR = 18.6

IQD

United Arab Emirates[Dubai]

KHALIFA bin Zayid Al-NuhayyanPresident1971 - 6 states - Abu Dhabi,

'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the United Arab Emirates (UAE)

Joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah

Hit hard in 2008-09 - falling oil prices, collapsing real

estate prices & the international banking crisis

Avoided the "Arab Spring" unrest seen elsewhere in the

Middle East

[ ]

Mid

dle

- East

Country's Free Trade Zones - offering

100% foreign ownership & zero taxes -

helping to attract foreign investors

Dependence on oil, a large expatriate

workforce – challenges

Open economy - high per capita income - sizable annual trade surplus

Economic diversification - reduced portion of GDP

- oil and gas output to 25%

Spending - job creation & infrastructure

expansion - private sector involvement

GDP [real] – US $ 358.9 bn [3.9 %]




$ 220.3 bn



Natural Gas [PR] – 6.089 tn bbl [7th]

Unemployment Rate – 2.4 %

Inflation [Consumer Prices] – 0.7 %

Emirati Dirhams

1 USD = 3.67

AED

1 AED = 17.1

INR

petroleum and

petrochemicals,

fishing, aluminum,

cement, fertilizers,

commercial ship

repair, construction

materials, some boat

building,

handicrafts, textiles

Gulf Cooperation Council

Cooperation Council for the Arab States

of the Gulf (CCASG)

Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi

Arabia & UAE

Among the stated objectives are:

Similar regulations - religious, finance,

trade, customs

tourism, legislation

& administration

Establishing scientific research centers

Setting up joint ventures

Unified military presence [Peninsula

Shield Force]

Encouraging cooperation of the private

sector

And establishing a common currency

[May 1981 Riyadh]

Saudi Arabia19%

Iraq13%

Kuwait10%

UAE9%

Iran6%

Other Middle East6%

Africa17%

West-ern

Hemi-sphere

18%

Others4%

India - Crude Oil Imports By Source [2012]

Source – US EIA

Recent News

Economic

sanctions

& IAEA

Syrian civil

war

Iran‘ s

currency crisis

Yukiya Amano

IAEA’s director

general

U.N. atomic

watchdog will start

with “easy”

measures and

“move on to more

difficult things”

regarding Iran’s

nuclear issues

15 march 2011

An ongoing armed

conflict

in Syria between forces

loyal to

the Ba'ath government

and those seeking to

oust it

Syrian government -

Russia & Iran while

Qatar & Saudi

Arabia transfer

weapons to rebels;

chemical weapons

Death toll - 120,000 by

September 2013

Economic

sanctions &

IAEA

Syrian

civil war

Iran‘ s

currency crisis

Direct result of

sanctions designed to

get Iran to curtail its

nuclear program

Barbari - imported

wheat - 1,000 rials to

about 5,000 rials

Offer the official

exchange rate to

importers of a few

select items

Economic

sanctions &

IAEA

Syrian civil

war

Iran‘ s

currency

crisis

Famous Cities

Amman [Jordan]

Cairo[Egypt]

Dubai[UAE]

Abu Dhabi[UAE]

Abu Dhabi[UAE]

Riyadh[Saudi Arabia]

Kuwait City[Kuwait]

Nicosia[Cyprus]

Tourist Sites

An ancient town built on a

Mountain slope and

became one of

the wonders of the world

Has attracted millions of

tourists

every year to witness the

progress

of civilization in ancient times

Petra, Jordan

Sanaa, Yemen1000s of monuments and historical sites as one of

UNESCO world heritage

Offers ancient buildings, traditional markets & 1 of

the oldest mosques in the world

Famous castle called Qalat al Bahrain, and is one of the UNESCO heritage site

Also a number of monuments, museums, a form of modern architecture describing the progress of Arab

culture in the past

Qalat, Bahrain

Burj Khalifa known as Burj

Dubai

a skyscraper in Dubai, UAE,

tallest man-made

structure in the world

829.8 m (2,722 ft)

21st Sept 2004 - 4th Jan 2010

Adrian Smith [CA] & Bill

Baker [CSE]

Skidmore, Owings &

Merrill

Burj Khalifa, Dubai

PalmIslandsDubai

2 artificial islands in Dubai, UAE in the

shape of palm trees

Palm Jumeirah & Palm Jebel Ali

Large number of residential, leisure and

entertainment centres

Add 520 kms of non-public beaches

to the city of Dubai

Belgian - Jan De Nul & Dutch - Van

Oord

Bibliography http://www.iaea.org/

http://www.jodidata.org/

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-

world-factbook/

http://www.dubai.com/

http://www.touristlink.com/

http://www.gcc-sg.org/eng/

http://www.eia.gov/

Thank

you !

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Economy & Finance

Middle East Countries