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II. TUJUAN INSTRUKSIONAL KHUSU
Setelah Proses Belajar Mengajar mahasiswamampu mengetahui gejala katarak , faktor resiko,prinsip pengobatan, komplikasi, dan mengatasikomplikasi secara garis besar secara baik danbenar sesuai dengan kompetensinya
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PHYSIOLOGY
REFRACTION POWER : +18 to + 20 D
ACCOMODATION :
contraction of ciliary muscles results
in laxity of zonules, which leads to increaseconvexity of lens due to its inherent elasticity
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CATARACT
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CATARACT
DefinitionAny opacity of the lens or lossof transparancy of the
crystalline lens that causesdiminution or impairment of vision
Examination1. Pen light : shadow test2. Funduscopy : reflex fundus
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Optics of Crystalline Lens
REFRACTION POWER : +18 to + 20 D
ACCOMODATION :
contraction of ciliary muscles results
in laxity of zonules, which leads to increaseconvexity of lens due to its inherent elasticity
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EPIDEMIOLOGYCross-sectional studies place theprevalence of cataracts at 50% in
individuals aged 65 to 74; the prevalenceincreases to about 70% for those over 75
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CLINICAL FINDINGSymptoms1. Image Blur 2. Diurnal Variation of Vision3. Distortion (Metamorphopsia )4. Diplopia/Polyopia5. Altered Color Perception6. Black Spots7. Behavioral Changes
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VISUAL ACUITY
EMMETROPIA CATARACT
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ETIOLOGY
AgingTrauma,Toxins,Systemic disease (such as diabetes),
SmokingHeredity.
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ETIOLOGY
1. Senile (Degenerative )50% aged 65 – 74 ;
70% > 75 years2. Traumatic
- Penetrating
- Infrared irradiation- Electrocution- Ionizing Radiation
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3. Systemic Diseases ( Metabolic ) - Diabetes
- Hypocalcaemia
4. Toxic- Corticosteroids
- Miotics- Smoking
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UNDERLYING FACTORS
Oxidative damage
( free radical reactions )Ultraviolet light damageMalnutrition
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CATARACT SURGERY
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CATARACT
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CATARACT
SURGERY
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PHACOEMULSIFICATION
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IOL IMPLANTATIONZ A L D I
CATARACT
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VISUAL REHABILITATION
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1. Intraocular Lens (IOL)2. Spectacles
3. Contact Lens
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RESUME
Any opacity of the lens or loss of transparancy of the crystalline lensThe most common causes of degenerativeManagement of Cataract only Surgery (Cataract Extraction ) with Intra ocular lensimplantation
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DISLOCATED LENS
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MARFAN SYNDROME
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LENS DISLOCATED
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REFERENCES American Academy of Ophthalmology, Lens andCataract , section 6 , 2009-2010.Khurana A, Ophthalmology, New Delhi, New Age
Internasional (p) Limited Publisher, 2007.Vaughan D.G, Asbury T, Riordan P, GeneralOphthalmology , USA, 2007.
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