Group
Members:
1. Shahzad Altaf Khan
2. M. Nadeem3. Sadaf Jabbar
THEWRITINGPROCESS
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NUML, Multan Campus
What is Writing?
Writing" is the process of using symbols (letters of the alphabet,
punctuation) to communicate thoughts and ideas in a readable
form.
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The writing process reflects the concern and choices. Writing is such an erratic process. No two writers approach the writing process in exactly the same way.
The
Writ
ing
Proc
ess
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STAG
ES
INVENTION/PREWRITING
ARRANGEMENT
Drafting & Revision
21
3
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INVENTION/PREWRITING1
An important part of the writing process. Most people are unaware about its importance. The writer should be aware of the assignment. Subject should be limited by considering the length, purpose, audience and occasion of essay, as well as the knowledge about the subject.
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Steps of
Invention:
LENGTH1
PURPOSE2
AUDIENCE
OCCASIONKNOWLEDG
ESUBJECT TO
TOPIC 3
4
5
6
Step-1 Awareness of subject
Step-2 Awareness of subject
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Techniques:
Free writing:a
Free writing is particularly useful as a way to get started.
The purpose of free writing. The object of free writing
allows flowing ideas freely.
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Questions for Probing:b
In probing a subject you ask a series of questions about it.
These questions are useful. Examples;
What happened?When did it happen?
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Brainstorming :c Brainstorming is a method of invention that
can help to find something. A method of free association for generating
ideas. Brainstorming can be in a group or
individually. Quickly write down every fact, idea or
association.
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An informal outline can make forms.
An informal outline is just a list of major points.
Informal outlines simply suggest the shape of essay.
INFORMAL OUTLINE :d GROUP-1
Formulating a Thesis :d
Thesis is the main idea of an essay.
It is the central point that an essay supports.
The term is commonly used to identify the status of main idea
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STAGE-2
ARRANGEMENT2 Arrangement is that stage at which
material is arranged into an essay. It suggests how the material should
be structured. The structure of essay is found in
the questions that proved most helpful.
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What happened?When did it happen? Where did it happen?
EXAMPLES:
What does it look like?What are its characteristics?
How did it happen?What makes it works
Narration
Descriptive
Exemplification
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Formal Outlines:
Formal outlines are multilevel, detailed constructions.
The outline should be as simple as possible.
Outline should contain conventions of numbering, indentation and punctuation.
Make the headings in group under Roman numerals (I, II, III, and IV etc.)
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Parts of Essay:2
The Introduction
The Body Paragraph
Conclusion
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The Introduction
The opening of the essay introduces the subject of essay.
The writer can give some background information.
The essay writer can introduce an essay with a definition.
An essay can begin with a general or specific question.
The writer can begin his essay with the use of a quotation
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The Body Paragraph:
Body paragraph should be unified.
Body paragraph should be coherent.
Body paragraph should be well developed.
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The Conclusion:
The conclusion is very important. The conclusion can be as brief as
one sentence. The Conclusion can be simply
reviewing the main points. Conclusion can be with a
prediction
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Drafting & Revision3STAGE-3
Writing the first draft
Revising the Rough draft
Revising the second draft
Revising the Final draft
1
2
3
4
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Writing the first draft1
The purpose of the first draft is to get
down the ideas on paper. A writer can discover new directions for
the essay. It is the arrangement of all ideas about
the subject of assignment.
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Revising the Rough draft2
The Introduction
The Body Paragraph
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Revising the second draft3
i. The Title.ii. The introduction.iii. The Body
Paragraph
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Revising the Final draft4
i. The introduction.ii. The Body Paragraphiii. The Conclusion.
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Revision checklist5
Introduction/thesis: Is the topic
sufficiently narrowed? Is the thesis accurate,
clear and specific?Does the thesis
indicate the direction which the essay will take?
Is your introduction appropriate for your material audience and purpose
Body Paragraph: Is the topic
sufficiently developed?
Does the essay have a clear pattern of development?
Are the paragraphs well developed?
Are the paragraphs unified?
Are the paragraphs coherent?
Conclusion: Is your conclusioninteresting?Does the ending follow from your strongest points?
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THANKS FOR YOUR
PATIENCE
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