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WORKBOOK MODELING OF MULTI- MEMBER MACHINES
LUBLIN 2014
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Author: Mirosław Ferdynus
Desktop publishing: Mirosław Ferdynus
Technical editor: Mirosław Ferdynus
Figures: Mirosław Ferdynus
Cover and graphic design; Mirosław Ferdynus
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be scanned, photocopied, copied or distributed in any form, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, including the placing or distributing in digital form
on the Internet or in local area networks, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Publikacja współfinansowana ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach projektu Inżynier z gwarancją jakości – dostosowanie oferty Politechniki Lubelskiej do wymagań europejskiego rynku pracy
© Copyright by
Mirosław Ferdynus, Lublin University of Technology
Lublin 2014
First edition
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TABLE OF CONTESTS
1. Model of the tilting pad…………………………………………………..……….. 3
2. Model of the spherical knob………………………………………………………. 4
3. Model of the rod…………………………………………………………………... 6
4. Model of the cap…………………………………………………………………... 9
5. Model of the nut………………………………………………………………….. 14
6. Model of the screw………………………………………………………………... 18
7. Model of the body………………………………………………………………… 24
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The main purpose of this publication is to present the basics of solid modeling on the example of a
specific device. Design exercises are supposed to enable the repetition of basic function and
procedures in solid modeling. The adequate level of detail allows the independent work for people
who previously did not use Catia v5 system. The order of subsequently performed elements of the
screw jackr, results from their degree of difficulty. The participants of the course are guided toward
more and more increased proficiency in handling of Catia v5 system. The individual elements of the
jack will comprise separate files, which a participant will save in his own directory.
We begin the design exercises with creating your own folder on the desktop. Then, we run Catia
v5 system using the icon on the desktop. The lift’s project is implemented in the Part Design
environment, which is launched with the command: Start + Mechanical Design + Part Design.
1. Model of the tilting pad
Tilting pad of the screw jack will be implemented using a method of base profile rotation.
Open an empty file and in the structure tree name this part as tilting pad.
Base profile must be implemented in the yz plane. Run Sketcher module and mark the mentioned
plane in the plane selection tool or in the structure tree of the module. The profile can be drawn in two
stages. In the first, an arc must be created using the Arc function and its center must be attached to
the V axis, while the arc’s endings for the convenience of drawing, end on H and V axis. Arc radius
should be dimensioned with the use of Constraint tool. It’s very important to make sure that the
system has created Coincidence constraints, which are visible on the screen in the form of a green
circle (fig.1.1a). If you didn’t draw the profile in a way that would create the constraints automatically,
then you must add them manually. b)
a)
c)
Figure 1.1. Stages of creating the tilting pad profile, completed model of the pad
In the second stage, the missing part of the profile must be drawn with the use of Profile function
(while drawing an open profile you need to remember about the double click when you want to
end profile or about the double Esc when you forget to end it).
Exit Sketcher using the Exit workbench button.
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Model of the tilting pad is formed through rotating the created profile by 360o angle around the V axis,
using the Shaft tool (fig.1.1c) Save the file in your directory and close it
2. Model of the spherical knob
Spherical knob in the screw lift is an ending of the rod, through which the drive is implemented.
Like the tilting pad, it will be created using a method of base profile rotation. Also, similar tools will
be used to implement this profile.
Open an empty file and in the structure tree name this part as knob.
2.1 Implementation of the main solid of the model
Base profile must be implemented in the yz plane. Run Sketcher module and mark the mentioned
plane in the plane selection tool or in the structure tree of the module. The profile can be drawn in two
stages. In the first, an arc must be created using the Arc function and its center must be attached to
the center of the coordinate system, while the arc’s ending must be attached in some distance from this
axis. Arc radius should be dimensioned with the use of Constraint tool (fig. 2.1a). a) b) c)
Figure 2.1. Implementation stages of the spherical knob profile and model of the knob without the threaded hole
The profile can be completed using the Profile function (while drawing an open profile you need to
remember about the double click when you want to end the profile or about the double Esc when
you forget to end it). It’s very important to make sure that the system has created Horizontal and
Vertical constraints on the appropriate edges (fig. 2.1b). If you didn’t draw the profile in a way that
would create the constraints automatically, then you must add them manually.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Model of the spherical knob is formed through rotating the created profile by 360o angle around the V
axis, with the use of Shaft tool (fig. 2.1c).
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2.2 Creation of the threaded hole in the knob
The last stage in the construction of spherical knob model is the creation of the threaded hole M8. In
order to do this, you need to use the Hole tool. Select the plane in which an hole is supposed to be
created and click near the place where you want to place it. A window will appear, in which you need
to set the parameters as shown in figure 2.2a, b. If you want to create the threaded hole, then the
parameters must be set starting from the third tab - Thread Definition. This way some of the
parameters in the first tab will be set automatically from the thread library. In the first tab in Bottom
option, you can declare the shape of the hole’s bottom. a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Figure 2.2. Implementation stages of the threaded hole in the spherical knob
In option Positioning Sketch you need to definitely set the localization of the hole in the space (sketch
in option Hole fulfills positioning function and contains only the point visible as a white asterisk). In
this case, it’s best to use Coincidence constraints, available in Constraints Defined In Dialog Box .
You need to move the white point to the side, mark it along with the Origin point, while holding down
the Ctrl key (figure 2.2c). Then, you need to set the Coincidence constraints (figure 2.2d) – asterisk
changes its color to green – which means that it has been clearly assigned. Then if you exit the
Sketcher using Exit workbench and confirm the hole’s parameters with OK key, the operation
Hole is going to be carried out.
The final result is shown in figure 2.2e.
Save the file in your directory and close it.
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3. Model of the rod In the designed screw jack, the drive is implemented through the rod. It will be created using a
method of base profile rotation. To implement the profile, you may use the universal Profile function. Open an empty file and in the structure tree name it as rod.
3.1 Implementation of the main solid of the model
Base profile must be implemented in the yz plane. Run Sketcher module and mark the mentioned
plane in the plane selection tool or in the structure tree of the module. The profile can be drawn in two
stages. a)
b)
c)
Figure 3.1. Implementation stages of the rod profile
In the first, a sketch must be created using the Profile function as shown in figure 3.1a and it’s best
to draw it in clockwise direction due to its arc. It’s very important to make sure that the system has
created Horizontal and Vertical constraints on the appropriate edges. If you didn’t draw the profile in
a way that would create the constraints automatically, then you must add them manually. Coincidence constraints must be added manually between the middle of the arc and the edge that is marked with
orange line in the figure.
In the second stage, the profile must be dimensioned with the use of Constraint tool. Due to the
fact that the target profile is supposed to be extended in one direction, it’s convenient to modify its
dimensions in thought out order. Figure 3.1b shows dimensions of the profile. Dimensions in black
color must be set first and dimensions in red color are unchanged – arbitrary and must be set in
accordance with figure 3.1c, starting from the larger one.
Exit Sketcher using the Exit workbench button.
Using the Shaft tool, we implement the model of the solid through rotating the created profile by
360o angle around the H axis. The results of this operation are shown in figure 3.2.
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Figure3.2. Effect of Shaft operation Figure3.3. Creating the chamfers
in the rod model
3.2 Features supplementing the model
Features supplementing the model are all kinds of roundings, chamfers, tilts, etc.
In a rod that we’re designing, it’s necessary to make chamfers with dimensions 0.5 x 45o at its ending.
The edges marked in figure 3.3 with red line must be chamfered with the use of Chamfer tool. The
effect of this operation is shown in the figure below.
Ending of the rod should be threaded in order to enable the fixing of the knob. To create a thread on
the outside surface, we need to use the Thread tool. After starting this function, we must define
parameters of the thread by selecting the appropriate settings in the appearing windows, as shown in
figure 3.4. As Lateral Face surface, you need to select the cylindrical surface marked in green in the
figure and as Limit Face – the front plane marked in purple. This operation will result in assignment
of thread’s feature to the surface of cylindrical ending of the rod (thread will not be visible on the
screen – figures 3.4 and 3.5, but as a feature of the model, it will appear in the structure tree).
Figure 3.4. Creation of the thread on the rod’s ending
The next stage is the creation of the mirror image in respect to zx plane. This operation is carried out
with the use of Mirror tool. The most effective way to do this is to perform these operations in the
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following order: highlight the Part Body in structure tree of the model, run Mirror function and
point to zx plane marked in figure 3.5 with yellow color. The complete model of the rod is shown in
figure 3.6.
Figure 3.5. Half model of the rod Figure 3.6. Model of the rod
Save the file in your directory and close it.
4. Model of the cap
Open an empty file and in the structure tree name it as cap.
4.1 Implementation of the base part of the cap
Base profile of the cap must be implemented in yz plane with the use of the Profile tool and
dimensioned with Constraint tool as shown in figure 4.1.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Solid model of the cap is created through rotating the base profile by 3600 angle in respect to vertical
axis of the coordinate system - Shaft tool – figure 4.2.
Figure4.1 Base profile of the cap Figure 4.2 Solid model of the main part
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The cap will be fixed with the use of push screws. Prior to the implementation of the holes in the
cylindrical surface, a milling operation is conducted in order to obtain the proper support for the drill.
The removal of material from the side surface of the cap model will be carried out using the method of
subtracting other solids from the cap solid – in this case: two cuboids. To do this, using the command
from the top menu - Insert/Body, we put a new solid
object into the structure tree, which we name Prism ( –
command Properties - tab Product). Base profile of the
cuboid must be implemented in yz plane using the
Rectangle tool and dimensioned with the use of
Constraint tool in a way presented in figure 4.3.
During the drawing of the profile presented in Fig. 4.3, after you’ve drawn the rectangle, you need to assign
Coincidence constraints between the appropriate edges of
the cap and the horizontal sides of the rectangle.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Cuboid is obtained by pulling the base profile to dimension of 20 mm with the use of Pad tool,
with option Mirrored extent. After creating the cuboid with the use of Mirror tool, we need to
make its copy in regard to zx plane (first, we need to select Prism in the structure tree and after we
start the Mirror tool, we need to indicate zx as a plane of symmetric reflection) – figure 4.4.
Figure4.4. Implementation stages of the cuboid models
Then, with the use of Remove tool, we need to subtract the created Body named Prism from the
cap solid. The effect of this operation of subtraction is shown in figure 4.5.
Threaded holes M5 must be implemented in the obtained
flat surfaces. In order to do so, first you need to determine a
point in the middle of a flat surface using Point tool from
the Reference Element menu, with option On
Surface. In the dialog box called Point Definition in the
window Distance, we need to enter the value 0. Process of
point determination is shown in figure 4.6.
Figure4.3 Base profile of the cuboid
Figure 4.5. Results of the subtracting cuboids operation
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Figure 4.6. Entering the center point of the plane
Threaded holes M5 must be implemented using the Hole tool. Prior to the starting of this function,
we must select the created point. Then we launch the Hole tool and select a flat surface of the
milling. Such order guarantees that we will not have to position the Sketch (we can check it in the
Positioning Sketch window – there’s a green asterisk there, which indicate a full parameterization).
Hole’s parameters must be set in accordance with figure 4.7, starting from the Thread Definition tab,
and then going to the Extension tab.
After completion of the above-mentioned step, we will obtain two holes with M5 thread - figure 4.8.
Figure 4.7. Parameters of the Hole tool Figure 4.8. Result of the Hole operation
4.2 Implementation of the notches on the surface of the cap model
Material notches on the top surface of the cap must be implemented in two mutually
perpendicular directions, based on the same base profile.
4.2.2 Implementation of the notching tool’s profile
Base profile should be implemented in the yz plane. Run Sketcher module and mark the mentioned
plane in the plane selection tool or in the structure tree of the module. To obtain the intersection of the
solid with a Sketch plane, we need to use Cut Part by Sketch Plane function. The profile can be
drawn in four steps:
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In the axis of created rotary solid, we draw a vertical line
using Axis function and system should automatically
assign Coincidence and Vertical constraints, if it does not,
then it have to be done manually (figure 4.9).
In the created axis using the Centered Rectangle function
draw a rectangle and using the Constraint tool assign a
dimension of 2 mm, which represents the depth of subsequent
selection (figure 4.10). We delete Vertical constraints from the vertical edges and by
gently pulling the corner of rectangle, we transform it into the
trapezoid as shown in figure 4.11.
Figure 4.10. Drawing stages- step 2
Figure 4.11. Drawing stages – step 3
Figure 4.12. Drawing stages- step 4
We assign the other dimensions in accordance with the figure
4.12.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button. The semi-
finished cap, along with the created profile is shown in figure
4.13.
4.2.3. Implementation of the grooves in the selected direction
A single groove can be implemented using the Pocket tool and as a secondary option in the
first and second limit we must select Up to next. The result of this operation is shown in figure 4.14.
In the structure tree of the model, we need to change the name of the function Pocket to milling ( –
Properties command - Feature Properties tab).
Figure 4.9. Stages of outline drawing-step 1
Figure 4.13 Semi-finished cap along with the profile of notching tool
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Figure 4.14. Semi-finished cap with a single groove. Changing of the name of the function in the tree structure
To duplicate the groove, we must use Rectangular Pattern function. In order to do so, it’s best to
highlight the “milling” in the structure tree and then run Rectangular Pattern function.
Figure 4.15. Window of the Rectangular Pattern option As Reference Element we need to indicate the top surface of the semi-finished product. In the tabs:
First Direction and Second Direction we set the parameters as shown in figure 4.15. Button More >>
enables to expand the window with very useful functions that allow to obtain the effect of feature
duplication on both sides of the original groove.
Figure 4.16 shows the operation of grooves duplication in the rectangular manner and with the end
results of this stage.
Figure 4.16. Creation of the first row of the grooves
milling
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4.2.4. Implementation of the grooves in the perpendicular direction
The next stage of the work is to copy the milling feature to
zx plane. We do it in the structure tree (milling → –
Copy command→ → –Paste command). To
distinguish the two millings, we change the name of the last
to milling2 . The result of the copying is shown in figure
4.17.
We again need to use the Rectangular Pattern function. In
order to do so, it’s best to highlight the “milling2” in the
structure tree and then run Rectangular Pattern function.
As Reference Element we need to indicate the top surface of
the semi-finished product. In the tabs: First Direction and
Second Direction we set the parameters as shown in figure 4.18.
Figure 4.18. Window of the Rectangular Pattern option
Figure 4.19 shows the operation of grooves duplication in the direction perpendicular to the first
series, along with the end result – finished model of the cap.
Save the finished file in your own directory and close it.
Figure 4.19. Creation of the second row of grooves. The end result – finished model of the cap
Figure 4.17. Semi-finished product of the cap after copying the groove to zx plane
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5. Model of the nut Nut of the screw jack is going to be implemented through the
rotating of the base profile (Shaft function). Trapezoidal thread will
be implemented as a result of the Slot operation, where the Helix
screw line is used as a central curve.
Open an empty file and in the structure tree name this part as nut
5.1. Implementation of the basic axially solid.
Define new Sketch in the yz plane. Indicate the mentioned plane and
run function.
Using the Profile function draw the base profile as shown in
figure 5.1, while making sure that its orientation in respect to the
coordinate axes is correct and that appropriate geometric constraints
are assigned. Then, assign the dimensions using Constraint tool.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
With the use of the Shaft tool, implement the axially symmetrical solid through rotating the base
profile by 360o angle around the V axis. This solid is shown in figure 5.2.
5.2. Implementation of the chamfers.
Using the Chamfer function, we implement the chamfers with dimensions 4 x 45o of inner edges of
the hole. The most convenient way to do this is to indicate the inner surface of the hole, and then the
system will carry out the chamfers on both edges. The effect after the implementation of this operation
is shown in figure 5.3.
Figure 5.2 Effect of the Shaft operation Figure 5.3 After modeling of the chamfers
5.3. Implementation of the trapezoid thread.
Define a new Sketch in yz plane. Select the mentioned plane and run the Sketcher module. Then,
change the name of the sketch to „trapezoid outline” (in the structure tree of the model - Properties - Feature Properties tab). The profile of the trapezoid outline will be implemented in
twelve steps, which will be briefly presented:
Just below the created rotary solid, we need to draw, using the Axis tool, two lines: vertical and
horizontal.
Figure 5.1 Profile of the nut
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Using the Intersection Point function located in the Point- menu, we generate the intersection
point of these lines. The created point is of Standard
type– marked with a cross, we can change its
appearance e.g. to more visible square or asterisk
(Graphic Properties menu). If you generate this point
correctly, then double Coincidence constraints should
appear. Next, we scale the distances from this point to
H axis and V axis in accordance with the figure 5.4.
Figure 5.5. Stages of outline drawing – step 4 Figure 5.6. Stages of outline
drawing – steps 5.7
Draw a rectangle in the generated point using the Centered Rectangle function (figure 5.5). Delete the Horizontal constraints from the horizontal edges of the rectangle (marked with a red circle).
This operation facilitates you to easily obtain the shape of a trapezoid by gently pulling the corner of
the rectangle. Do that and in result you should get the profile with a shape as shown in figure 5.6.
You also need to delete the Equidistance constraints (marked with blue circle), which are responsible
for the symmetry of the vertical profile lines in respect to the vertical axis – the designed trapezoid
profile does not have this type of premises.
Using the Intersection Point function located in Point menu, we generate the intersection points
of the vertical axis and non-parallel sides of the trapezoid. The created points of Standard type are
automatically visualized with a cross. In the figure, their appearance is changed to red square. If you
generated the points properly, then each point should have double Coincidence constraints.
Figure 5.4 Stages of outline drawing– step 2 and 3
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Using the Constraint tool we assign dimensions in accordance with figure 5.7. To create the fillet, you need to use the Corner
function. To implement the fillet on the right
side of the profile (figure 5.8) in the Sketch
Tools menu, you need to set Trim All Elements
option and then you can created the fillets by
editing the value of the radius and setting it to
R= 1 mm.
To create the fillets on the left side of the
outline, you need to notice that they are located
outside of the profile, and you need to extend
the vertical line using the Trim tool in both directions (figure 5.9).
Then, using the Corner function with Trim First Element , we create the fillets by editing the
radius value and setting it to R= 0,5 mm. In this option, the order of lines selection while drawing
is very important (the rest of the first clicked line disappears).
You also need to delete unnecessary lines (marked in orange). The best way to do this is using Quick
Trim tool with Break And Rubber In option, while selecting the unnecessary lines. Fully
parameterized profile is shown in figure 5.11.
Figure 5.8 Stages of outline drawing- step 9
Figure 5.9 Stages of outline drawing- step 10
Figure 5.10 Stages of outline drawing – step 11 and 12
Then, you need to change the three points, which were created during Intersection Point operation -
from standard to construction. The most convenient way is to do this while testing the profile with
Sketch Analysis tool. You need to highlight the mentioned points and using Set In Construction
Mode located in the Corrective Actions group, you implement changes of the mentioned point to
construction. Prior to this operation, these points had the Isolated status, which made them unable to
be used in the sketch. Close the analyzer window and exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench
button.
Figure 5.7. Stages of outline drawing – step 8
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Figure 5.11. Outline of the trapezoid thread Figure 5.12 Window of the sketch analyzer
The next stage of the work is to generate Helix type screw line. It’s not
possible in the Part Design module. Before the exiting, it’s recommended
to create a point that will become the beginning of the screw line. Use the
Point function with Coordinates option in the Reference Element
menu to create a point with coordinates shown in figure 5.13. Change the application to Wireframe and Surface Design (Start-
Mechanical Design- Wireframe and Surface Design). Run Helix
function, which is located beneath the Spline function. The parameters
of screw curve must be entered to the window (figure 5.14), while as
starting point you need to select previously created point and as axis you need to select V axis. Set the
threat’s pitch to 7 mm and height to 80 mm. Other parameters must be left default.
Figure 5.14 Defining of the screw curve Figure 5.15. Generated screw curve
Now, we have created all components for the implementation of the trapezoid thread. For this
operation we must use Slot function with Pulling Direction option. Figure 5.16 shows the window
of the Slot operation and the effect of its implementation. After the operation, an alert window will
appear with information that in the notch there’s a fragment with radius equal to zero, which is not
possible to implement in the milling technology.
Figure 5.13 Starting point of the Helix
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Figure 5.16 Window of the Slot operation and the effect of its implementation
Save the file in your directory, but do not close it. Trapezoid profile of the thread will be needed in
model of the screw.
6. Model of the screw Model of the jack’s screw will be implemented using the method of base profile rotation. Open
an empty file and in the structure tree name this part as screw.
6.1. Implementation of the screw’s main part
Define a new Sketch in the yz plane. Select the mentioned plane and run Sketch function.
Using the Profile tool, you need to draw the profile shown in figure 6.1 and scale it with the help
of Constraint tool.
Figure 6.1 Profile of the screw’s main part Figure 6.2 Model of the screw’s main part
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button
Using the Shaft tool implement the solid of the main part of the screw through rotating the profile
by 3600 angle in respect to the vertical axis - figure 6.2.
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6.2. Implementation of the recesses in the top part of the screw
Define a new Sketch in the yz
plane. Select the mentioned plane
and run Sketch function.
Implement the profile of recesses
in the screw using Rectangular
and Profile tool. Dimensioning
of the profile must be carried out
with the use of Constraint tool
in accordance with the figure 6.3.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
With the use of the Groove tool,
you need to make an undercut in
the main part of jack’s screw
through rotating the created profile by 3600 angle in respect to axis of the screw. Effect of this
operation is shown in figure 6.4.
In the obtained main part, we need to thicken the plug cooperating with the rod using ThickSurface
tool. Select the cylindrical surface that you want to thicken. It’s important to check whether the
arrowhead direction of the thickening is correctly pointed outside – you can change its direction using
Reverse Direction button. Parameters of this operation, state during its implementation and the end
result are shown in figure 6.5.
Figure 6.5 Implementation of the thickening in the top part of the screw
6.3. Implementation of hole for the rod
Define a new Sketch in yz plane. Select the mentioned plane and run Sketch function.
Implement the profile of the hole using Circle tool and scale it using Constraint tool in
accordance with the figure 6.6. While drawing the circle, you must provide the Coincidence-type
relation assigning the center point of the circle to V axis.
Figure 6.3. Profile of the recesses in the screw’s top part
Figure 6.4. Undercuts in the top part of the screw
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Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Using the Pocket tool, you need to make an opening in the screw’s plug. In the following tabs:
First Limit and Second Limit set Up to Next. The effect of this operation is shown in figure 6.7.
Figure 6.6. Profile of the hole for the rod Figure 6.7 Finished hole for the rod
6.4 Implementation of chamfers and fillets for edges– Dress-Up Features operations
Using the Chamfer tool you need to make chamfers with dimension 1x45o of the edges
shown in figure 6.8. Change the color of the created surfaces to dark blue.
Using the Edge Fillet tool implement the fillets of the edges presented in green with a radius of
R = 1mm, and the edges presented in blue with a radius of R = 2mm. Change the color of created
fillets in accordance with figure 6.9.
Figure 6.8. Implementation of edges’ chamfers Figure 6.9. Implementation of fillets
on the screw’s edges
Using the Chamfer tool you need to create a
chamfer with dimensions 4x45o on the bottom
edge of the screw. Change the color of created
surface to dark blue. Chamfer Definition
window and the end result of the operation are
shown in figure 6.10.
Figure 6.10. Implementation of the chamfer on the bottom edge
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6.5. Implementation of the thread in the jack’s screw
Trapezoidal thread of the Tr 42 x 7 screw will be created in a manner similar to model of the nut. We
will use the profile of trapezoidal thread created
in the nut model. Copy it and paste to yz plane
in the screw model – the easiest way is to do it
in the structure tree ( trapezoidal profile
→ – Copy → → – Paste).
By double clicking on the copied Sketch -
trapezoidal profile in the structure tree of
the model, we can enter it to make the
necessary modifications. The copied profile is
shown in figure 6.11.
The modifications include:
Rotating it by 1800 angle in respect to profile’s vertical axis. You need to select the entire profile
(without the symmetry axis, but necessarily with the constraints), then run Symmetry function and
select the vertical dividing axis of the thread. The results of this operation are shown in figure 6.12a.
Changing (from 10mm to 6.5mm) or assigning (17.2mm) the dimensions marked in red in figure
6.12b. The conducted modifications are necessary for precise configuration of the profile in respect to model
of the screw.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Figure 6.11. Copied profile of the nut’s thread
a)
b)
Figure 6.12. Modification of the thread’s profile
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Use the Point function - Coordinates option in the Reference
Element menu to create a point with the coordinates
presented in figure 6.13. This point will be a starting point for creation
of the Helix screw line.
Similarly as in the case of the nut, we need a Helix-type screw line to
cut thread on the screw. Change the application to Wireframe and
Surface Design (Start- Mechanical Design- Wireframe and Surface
Design). Run Helix function, which is located beneath the
Spline function. Parameters of the screw curve must be entered to
the window (figure 6.14), while as the starting point we must select
previously selected point and as the axis we
must select axis V. Set the threat’s pitch to 7
mm and height to 390 mm. Other
parameters must be left default.
After the implementation of the screw line,
return to Part Design module by going to
the top menu of the program: Start –
Mechanical Design - Part Design. Thread on the screw surface will be
implemented using the method of cutting the
thread profile along the screw line with the
help of Slot tool. First, you must set the profile control method (Profile control - Pulling Direction)
and as axis select screw’s axis or V axis. As Profile you need to select trapezoidal outline of the thread
and as Center curve you must select Helix screw line. Slot Definition window and notched screw are
shown in figure 6.15.
Figure 6.15 Implementation of the screw’s thread
Figure 6.13. Starting point of the Helix screw line
Figure 6.14 Implementation of the Helix screw line
Control of the thread output in the upper recess is very important. In the case of irregularities you
need to correct the Helix’s height – preferably in the structure tree.
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6.6. Implementation of the holes in the bottom part of the screw
There are two holes in the bottom part of the screw. First is located in screw axis with M12 thread and
is used to fix the safety washer. Second is a socket of the cylinder pin that protects this washer from
loosening. To make the holes, we need to use the Hole tool. First hole must be implemented with
options shown in figure 6.16. Run the Hole tool and select the surface of the screw’s button around
the planned hole.
If we want to create a threaded hole, then we enter the parameters starting from the third tab - Thread
Definition. This way some of the parameters in the first tab will be set automatically from the thread
library. In the first tab in option Bottom, we can declare the shape of the hole’s bottom. Operation of
the holes implementation is shown in figure 6.17a. In option Positioning Sketch you need to definitely
set the localization of the hole in the space.
Sketch in the Hole option fulfills positioning function and contains only
the point visible as a white asterisk. In this case, it’s best to use
Coincidence constraints that are available in Constraints Defined In
Dialog Box . We need to move the white point to the side, mark it
along with the Origin point and enter Coincidence constraints – asterisk
changes its color to green – which means that it has been clearly
assigned. (figure 6.17b). Finished hole is shown in figure 6.17c. Second
hole is for cylindrical pin and we implement it in such manner so there’s
no need for its positioning. First, we create a point on the bottom surface
of the screw. Use Point function in the Reference Element
Figure 6.16. Implementation of the threaded hole in the bottom part of the screw a)
b)
c)
Figure 6.17. Implementation of a M12 threaded hole in the bottom part of the screw
Figure 6.18. Creation of the point
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menu – with On Plane option. Enter coordinates
of the point in Point Definition window as
shown in figure 6.18.
Highlight the created point, then run the Hole
function and select bottom surface of the screw.
Coordinates of the point will be assumed as
conclusive location of the created point. In Hole Definition window, which will appear, set the
diameter and depth of the hole (figure 6.19), in
Type tab choose Countersunk type and the
deepening parameters might be set as desired.
Bottom of the screw with created holes is shown
in figure 6.20.
Save the file in your directory and close it.
7. Model of the body
Body of the screw jack will be designed as a die-cast element, reinforced with three ribs.
Foundry slope value of the model walls should be assumed as 3o.
7.1. Implementing central part of the body
First stage in the construction of jack’s body
will be to create its central part, located
between the base and the nut. Model of this
body part will be implemented using method
of base profile rotation around the jack’s
axis. Base profile must be implemented in
the yz plane using the following sketcher
tools: Profile , Constraint - Fig.7.1
(!angular dimensions must be created after
the determination of the linear dimensions).
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench
button.
Using the Shaft tool create the solid of
the central part of the body through rotating
the profile by 3600 angle in respect to the
vertical axis – Fig.7.2.
Figure 6.19. Parameters of the hole for the pin
Figure 6.20. Bottom of the screw with holes
Figure 6.19. Parameters of the hole for the pin
Figure 6.20. Bottom of the screw with holes
Figure 7.1 Profile of body’s central part
Figure 7.2 Solid of body’s central part
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Using Shell tool you need to
choose the material from insides of
the obtained solid, by setting
thickness of the walls to 5mm and
selecting front walls of the solid for
removal marked in Fig.7.3.
7.2. Implementation of socket for the nut
Base profile of this part of the body must be implemented in yz plane in three steps:
- step 1: drawing of the profile must be started by creating a
line that will tie the implemented profile with already
existing solid. This is done by projecting (using Project 3D
Elements tool) body’s top edge into the surface of the
sketch (yellow horizontal line – Fig.7.4).
- step 2: using the Profile tool you need to draw the
profile presented in Fig. 7.5, starting the drawing from the
end point of yellow line and finishing on it (a Coincidence-type constraint should appear). The profile must close
through the yellow line (yellow line constitutes the bottom
edge of the profile). The profile must be dimensioned with
the use of Constraint tool in accordance with figure 7.5. - step 3: using the Trim tool you need to cut the yellow
line so that it will close the profile – Fig. 7.6.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Part of the body that constitutes the nut socket is
implemented through rotating the base profile with the use
of Shaft tool - Fig.7.7.
Figure 7.3 Model of body’s central part
Figure 7.4. Implementation of the nut socket’s profile – step 1
Figure 7.5 Implementation of the nut socket’s profile – step 2
Figure 7.6 Implementation of the nut socket’s profile – step 3
Figure 7.7 Part of the body that constitutes the nut socket
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7.3. Implementation of the body base
Base profile of the body base must be implemented in yz plane in the following steps:
- step 1: drawing of the profile must be started by creating a line
that will tie the implemented profile with already existing solid.
This is done by projecting (using Project 3D Elements tool)
body’s bottom edge into the surface of the sketch (yellow
horizontal line – Fig.7.8).
- step 2: using the Profile tool you need to draw the profile
presented in Fig. 7.9, starting the drawing from
the end point of yellow line and finishing on it
(a Coincidence-type tie should appear). The
profile must close through the yellow line
(yellow line constitutes the top edge of the
profile).
- step 3: using the Constraint tool assign the
dimension 4 mm between the starting point of
yellow edge and vertical edge of the profile –
Fig.7.10. You also need to check, whether
during drawing of the profile the contact
constraints have been automatically assigned at
both ends of the fillet arc. If not, then you must
to assign them manually using the Contact
Constraint tool or Constraints Defined In
Dialog Box - Tangency. - step 4: using the Trim tool you need to cut the yellow line so
that it will close the profile – Fig. 7.11.
- step 5: using the Constraint tool you need to assign the
appropriate dimensions and change their values in accordance with
Fig.7.12.
Figure 7.12. Profile of the body base – step 5
Figure 7.8. Profile of the body base – step 1
Figure 7.9. Profile of the body base – step 2
Figure 7.10. Profile of the body base – step 3
Figure 7.11. Profile of the body base – step 4
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Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Model of the jack’s base is implemented through rotating the base profile (Fig.7.12) by 3600 angle in
respect to axis of the jack, with the help of Shaft tool – the end result is shown in Fig.7.13. After implementation of the base, you need to create a radius of R = 4 mm on the edge between the
base and body of the lift using Edge Fillet tool – Fig.7.14.
Figure 7.13. Model of the lift’s base Figure 7.14. Implementation of fillet for the
base edge
7.4. Implementation of the ribs reinforcing the jack’s body
Profile of the rib must be implemented in yz plane. Using the
Line tool, you need to draw a line as shown in Fig.7.15.
While drawing the line, you must make sure that the
Coincidence-type relation is connecting its bottom end with
axis H. The line does not have to enter into the material of the
body. Then, using the Constraint tool, you must assign the
dimensions in accordance with Fig.7.15.
Exit the Sketcher using Exit workbench button.
Model of the rib must be implemented using Stiffener tool
by setting the thickness of the profile to value 8mm – Fig.7.16
Figure 7.15. Profile of the rib reinforcing the lift’s body
Figure 7.16. Implementation of the rib reinforcing the lift’s body
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Using the Edge Fillet tool, you must implement
the fillets with a radius of R = 3 mm on the side
edges of the rib walls. In order to do so, you must
select the side walls of the rib (edges around the
selected surface will light up in red). The program
will create the fillets on all edges around these
walls Fig.7.17.
Other reinforcing ribs will be implemented by copying the finished
rib in a circular pattern with the use of the Circular Pattern
tool. This function is located in Patterns menu, along with the
Rectangular Pattern function.
In order to enable the possibility of duplicating the rib with the
fillets, it’s necessary that they are loaded into the function when it
is starting. To do this, you need to hold down the Ctrl button and
then select a rib (stiffener), as well as the edge fillets in the
structure tree of the model, and then turn on the Circular Pattern
tool.
In the dialog box, you must set the parameters in accordance with
figure 7.18. As a reference surface, you must select the top surface
of the lift’s base.
The ribs will be copied in the circular pattern with a spacing of
1200.
The model of completed jack’s body was shown in figure 7.19.
Figure 7.17. Fillet of the rib’s side edges
Figure 7.18. Circular Pattern window with entered parameters of the pattern
Figure 7.19. Completed model of jack’s body