23-27 September 2013
WLI REGIONAL KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE WORKSHOP ON DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS
AND MODELS
Djerba, Tunisia
Randa MASSAAD; Hadi JAAFAR; Ihab JOMAA (Lebanon)
Watershed location
1384 km2
El Qaa Village
Medite
rrane
an Se
a
El Qaa villageFTF Indicator: Number of hectares under improved technologies or management practices as a result of USG assistance: (300 ha)
Upscaling area (138,000 ha)Benchmark site (17,000 ha)36˚ 28’ 48”34 ˚ 20’ 31”
Pilot area(s) for data collection(17,000 ha)
Cadastral Limit of El Qaa village
Target population60 villages/Orontes Watershed
Benchmark = El Qaa villagepopulation 900 households 12000 total inhabitants 45 % adult male 55% adult female
WLI Goal and Intended Outputs
Please insert a picture that represents your work
Overall Goal: to improve the livelihoods of rural households and communities in areas where water scarcity, land degradation, and associated problems are prevalent.
Intended Outputs: 1. Integrated water and land-use strategies for policy-making, tools for sustainable benchmark management and organizational mechanisms for community inclusion at the benchmark site.2. Enhanced knowledge, skills and qualifications for key stakeholders in the benchmark sites.3. Improved rural livelihoods of farmers in the benchmark sites through the adoption of sustainable land and water management practices and livelihood strategies.
National water strategy in Lebanon: Strategic objectives for the Lebanese water SectorThe vision is: "Water: A right for every citizen, a resource for the whole country"
1- Production• Water quantity and quality
2- Transmission and Distribution• Insure proper water supply• Irrigation: Provide adequate quantities and quality of irrigation water and
water-saving irrigation techniques
3- Wastewater• Wastewater collection and treatment
The MEW has two main objectives, the infrastructure and the management of the water sector in Lebanon.
Infrastructure
Management of water sector in Lebanon1- Institutional and Organizational
2- Financial
3- Legal and Regulatory
4- Environmental Concerns
5- Awareness and Conservation
MoA strategy to reduce poverty- Good Agricultural Practices- Insure and distribute certified rootstocks- Subsidies some field crops- Irrigation water saving
techniques
Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies
Activity 1. Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study
1/7/2013
1/27/2013
2/9/2013
2/24/2013
3/16/2013
5/18/2013
6/1/2013
6/15/2013
6/29/2013
7/13/2013
7/27/2013
8/10/2013
8/24/2013
9/7/20130
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
l/s
Source to Qaa Village
Source
Village
Difference
3%Slope
Najarims micro catchments
Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level
Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies
3%Slope
Semi-circular bunds
Qaa: NDVI and FOV temporal and spatial changes during the 21st century
A GIS and Remote Sensing approachHadi Jaafar, PhD
FAFSAUB
Beirut, Lebanon9/12/2013
Brief• Area: 17383 ha • Cadastral: Qaa• Subject: Vegetation Changes• Period: 2000- 2013 ( May to August)• Index: Net difference vegetation and Fraction of Vegetation • Method: GIS, remote Sensing• Data: Landsat 5, 7 and 8• Sensors: TM, ETM, and LOI
Method
• ArcGIS data Model + Remote Sensing
(Gillies, et,al 1997)
Difference between IR and Visible (Red) Band Reflectances
GIS Model (Landsat 5)
GIS Model (Landsat 8)
FOV Time Series -Mean and Std. Dev.
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350.000
0.020
0.040
0.060
0.080
0.100
0.120
MEANLinear (MEAN)STDLinear (STD)
Time Period (2000- 2013)
Frac
tion
of V
eget
ation
FOV, July
• Highest in 2013
MODIS ET Results
• MOD13A2 NASA Product
July 2000 July 2007 July 2009 July 2011 July 20130.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Evaporated Water (MCM)
Year MCM/Summer
2000 11.10
2007 9.42
2009 8.80
2011 10.34
Discussion & Conclusion
• Increase in NDVI in year 2013• 18% above average in general• Difference due to increase in agricultural lands• Increase in fraction of vegetation cover• Difference implies increase in evapotranspiration• Less downstream flow to lower parts of Orontes
Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage
On-farm pilot-testing of conservation agriculture (CA) continued at a 2 dunum testing site and a 2 dunum control site
Planted :December with 18kg/dn of Durum wheat " Lahn".
Fertilizers and herbicides were added in February
The aim of the experiment is to compare CA to the conventional agriculture CV in the same land and same conditions. The experiment is expected to prove to farmers that CA can reduce the risk of crop failure in dry years, due its positive effects on the soil moisture levels.
A farmer who is willing for water harvesting techniques to be pilot tested on his land was identified.
Field Day
Results year 2013..Yield Conventional
AgricultureKg/du
Conservation AgricultureKg/du
Seeds 410 540Total Biomass 1368 1757Strow 958 1216
Printed a booklet on wheat in Arabicfor farmers (Plant Breeding Department and seed production)
-varieties-Irrigation-Agricultural management…(fertilizer, harvesting..).Delivered in OctoberFounded by WLI project
Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies
Activities suggested for 2014
Activity 1: Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study
Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage
Activity 5:On farm demonstration trial (Wheat, Barley and Chickpea)
Activity 6: Effect of compost as a mulch on water productivity of sprinkle-irrigated potatoes in till and no-till systems (AUB)
Thank you