What you should know from today’s lecture

• The process of DNA replication

• The cell cycle

• Eukaryotic mitosis and cell division

• Inhibitors of replication, mitosis, and cell division

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

REPLICATION

The importance of DNA replication

• The basis of asexual reproduction

• The basis of inheritance and fidelity of trait transmission

• Errors in replication lead to mutations that produce variation upon which evolution depends

• Target for anti-cancer therapy

What is required for DNA replication?

• dATP, dGTP, dCTP, TTP

• DNA polymerase

• Template

Mechanism of DNA replication, part 1

Template-dependentSemiconservative

AntiparallelComplementary

Mechanism of DNA replication, part 2

Template-dependentSemiconservative

AntiparallelComplementary

Prokaryotic binary fission(cell division)

Eukaryotic cell cycle (cell division)

Growth of multicellular organismsReproduction of unicellular organisms

replication

Most adult human body cells are in

G1

Eukaryotic chromosomes

replication

karyotype

Mitosis

The results of mitosis

• Orderly partitioning of chromosomes into two daughter cells

• Daughter cells are identical to the parent cells in chromosome number

• Any eukaryotic cell can undergo mitosis and cell division

Inhibitors of replication, mitosis, and cell division

• Inhibitors kill cells which are trying to divide

• Inhibitors of DNA replication: ionizing radiation (-rays), AZT

• Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division: taxol, vincristine

• Adult human body cells affected by radiation or chemotherapy