Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Chemistry “I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t
accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
Packet#7 Unit#6: Covalent Bondingand Covalent Compounds
Edmodo Group Code: ozm60q (http://www.edmodo.com)Class Website: http://mrgchem.weebly.com
Mr. Gutierrez’s email: [email protected] Messaging Reminders: Text @aofchem to 23559
Note: You are expected to work on this packet during the allotted class practice time.
Packet Points/35 Completed Class
Notes/35 Completed
Classwork/5 Writing Name on
Every Page/25 Handed Packet in on
Time/ Homework
/ Followed Classroom Policies
/ Classwork Participation
/ TOTAL POINTS
Name of Chemist:__________________________________________________________________
Period: ___________
DUE _________________________“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
*All Class Notes + Questions MUST be finished for HOMEWORK if not done in class.
Unit#7: Covalent Bonds
Table of Contents
Topic Pages Textbook Pages Supplementary Materials
(Video or Notes)Covalent Bonding 4 – 5 179 - 183
Electronegativity and Types of
Bonding
6 - 9 175 - 177
Lewis Dot Structures of
Covalent Compounds
10 - 16 184 - 189
Naming Covalent Compounds
17 - 21 228 – 229
Writing Chemical Formulas from
Covalent Compounds
22 - 25 228 – 229
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
2
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
ANNOUNCEMENTS• When emailing work to me, it is YOUR RESPONSIBILITY to make sure that it was sent.
You MUST write In the SUBJECT FIELD:• TITLE OF THE ASSIGNMENT p3 if you’re in period 3 p4 if you’re in period 4 p6 if you’re in period 6
Points will be deducted if you don’t.
Additional Resources:*Tutoring with Mr. Gutierrez: Meet Mr. Gutierrez in student cafeteria after school or during 9th or 10th period.
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
3
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT explain why covalent bonds form. 2) SWBAT list the properties of covalent bonds.
Class NotesCovalent Bonds
Review:Octet Rule Atoms gain, lose, or _______________ electrons in order to have
_________ valence electrons.
Covalent Bonds Atoms of different elements ________________ _______________ to
form a ____________ _____________. They share electrons in order to have _________ valence electrons.
Atoms _________ electrons by _______________________ their orbitals.
Types of Covalent Bonds
1. In single bonds, atoms share _____ electrons
2. In double bonds, atoms share _____ electrons
3. In triple bonds, atoms share ______ electrons
All single bonds have ____________ bonds.
Double bonds have _____ sigma bond and _____ pi bond.
Triple bonds have _____ sigma bond and _____ pi bonds.
σ
πProperties of
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____Covalent Compounds
______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________
Real world connection – Why should I care?
Summary
In your own words, summarize today’s main points.
Date: _________________
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
5
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____Objectives: 1) SWBAT define electronegativity. 2) SWBAT use electronegativity values to predict the type of bonding between different elements.
Class NotesElectronegativity
Electronegativity ________________________ is an atom’s ability to ________________
____________________.
Ionic, Polar-covalent, or Nonpolar-covalent
In most cases, you can predict whether a compound is ionic or covalent by checking if the compound has a metal. However, the differences in _____________________ will tell you more about the nature of that chemical bond.
Non-polar covalent bond: covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are ________________ ________________ by the bonded atoms, resulting in a _______________distribution of electrical charge. (0 to 0.3 electronegativity difference and 0% to 5% ionic character.)
Polar-covalent bond: covalent bond in which bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons. (0.3 to 1.7 electronegativity difference and 5% to 50% ionic character.)
Ionic bonding: one atom __________ electrons while another ____________ electrons, forming cations and anions. The atoms are bonded together through an _______________attraction. (1.7 to 3.3 electronegativity difference and 50% to 100% ionic character.)
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
How to determine if compound is ionic, polar-covalent, nonpolar-covalent:
Example#1: HCl
H - Hydrogen has electronegativity value of ___________ Cl - Chlorine has electronegativity value of ____________
Electronegativity difference = _____________________
0.9 is between 0.3 and 0.7 so it is ___________________
Example#2: LiF
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT define electronegativity. 2) SWBAT use electronegativity values to predict the type of bonding between different elements.
Class WORKClass Work (Independent Practice) Directions: Finish as many questions as you can during class. Refer to your notes and ask at least three classmates before asking me for help. If you do not finish these questions in class, you must finish them for homework.
Using the electronegativity chart on the back of this packet to determine whether the following compounds are ionic, polar-covalent, or non-polar covalent. Include the difference in electronegativity values.
1. NaCl
2. ZrBr2
3. Potassium chloride
4. Lithium Oxide
5. Scandium oxide
6. CoCl2
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
7. AlP
8. Silver Iodide
9. Zinc chloride
10. HCl
11. KI
12. CsBr
13. Magnesium oxide
14. Magnesium nitride
15. SrS
16. A compound has a percentage ionic character of 76%. Is
this compound ionic, polar-covalent, or nonpolar-covalent?
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
9
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT draw the Lewis dot structures of covalent compounds.
Class NotesLewis Dot Structures of Covalent Compounds
Review:Covalent Bonds
Atoms of different elements ________________ _______________ to form a ____________ _____________. They share electrons in order to have _________ valence electrons.
Atoms _________ electrons by _______________________ their orbitals.
Most covalent compounds are made of nonmetals only.
Lewis Dot Structures
Lewis Dot Structures is a type of electron configuration notation in which only ______________ electrons are shown.
Example:
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
How to Draw Lewis Dot Structures of Covalent Compounds
Example#1:
CH3I
STEP EXAMPLE1. Draw the Lewis dot structure for
each atom.
2. Count the number of valence electrons.
3. Draw the skeletal structure of the molecule with least electronegative element in the center. (except Hydrogen, it is NEVER the central atom!)
4. Add covalent bonds between center atom and outer atoms.
5. Add lone pairs to outer atoms so that it each atom has 8 valence electrons.
6. Add lone pairs to the center atom.
7. Count the total number of valence electrons and make sure it matches up with step #2.
8. Check if all atoms have at least 8 valence electrons (or 2 valence
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____electrons for Hydrogen)
Drawing Lewis Dot Structures of Covalent Compounds
Example#2:
PI3
Example#3:
CO2
Summary
In your own words, summarize today’s main points.
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT draw the Lewis dot structures of covalent compounds.
LEWIS DOT STRUCTURES OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS
Class WORKClass Work (Independent Practice) Directions: Finish as many questions as you can during class. Refer to your notes and ask at least three classmates before asking me for help. If you do not finish these questions in class, you must finish them for homework.
Directions: Draw the Lewis dot structures for each of the following compounds. Show all your work.
1. PCl3
Once you are finished, have Mr. Gutierrez check your work before continuing to the next question.
2. HF
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
13
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
3. PBr3
4. CO2
5. F2
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
14
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
6. HCN
7. N2
8. CH2O
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
15
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
9. SiCl4
10. F2O
11. NBr3
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
16
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT write the names of covalent compounds using numerical prefixes given its chemical formula.
Class NotesNaming Covalent Bonds
Covalent Bonds Covalent compounds are made of
__________________________.
Naming Naming Covalent Compounds
A prefix is ______________________________________________.
WARNING!!! WARNING!!! WARNING!!!PREFIXES ARE ONLY USED FOR COVALENT COMPOUNDS (compounds without metals)!
No prefixes for ionic compounds.
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Writing the Name of a Covalent Compound from its Chemical Formula:
Example#1:
P4O10
STEP EXAMPLE1. Look at the first number at the bottom and look up its prefix using the numerical prefix chart. (See prefix chart above.)
2. Write the prefix followed by the name of the first element. (Note: If there is no subscript for the first element, the prefix “mono-“ is NOT written.)
3. Look at the second number at the bottom and look up its prefix using the numerical prefix chart.
4. Write the prefix followed by the root of the second element name with the –ide at the end. If prefix ends with the letter ‘a’ or ‘o’, drop that letter.
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
18
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____FINAL ANSWER
Sample#2:
CO
Sample#3:
P2O5
Sample#4:
PBr5
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
19
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Once you are finished, have Mr. Gutierrez check your work before continuing to the next question.
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT write the names of covalent compounds using numerical prefixes given its chemical formula.
Class WORKClass Work (Independent Practice) Directions: Finish as many questions as you can during class. Refer to your notes and ask at least three classmates before asking me for help. If you do not finish these questions in class, you must finish them for homework.
Directions: Write the name of the following covalent compounds given its chemical formula.
1. N2O
2. As2O5
3. P4S5
4. Si2Br6
5. SCl4
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
20
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____ 6. B2Si
7. NF3
8. CCl4
9. N2O4
10. C2Cl8
11. ICl3
12. PBr3
13. SiCI4
14. PCl3
15. N2O3
16. Si2N4
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
21
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
17. P2O3
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT write the chemical formulas of covalent compounds given its name.
Class Notes Covalent Bonds
From name to formula
Writing the Chemical Formula of Covalent Compound Given its Name
Example#1:
dinitrogen pentoxide
STEP EXAMPLEExample:
1. Look up what the first prefix means in terms of numbers.
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
2. Write the number at the bottom of the symbol of the first element written.3. Look up what the second prefix means in terms of numbers.
4. Write the number at the bottom of the symbol of the second element.
FINAL ANSWER
Sample#2:
Carbon monoxide
Sample#3:
Diphosphorus pentoxide
Sample#4:
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____Nitrogen trifluoride
Once you are finished, have Mr. Gutierrez check your work before continuing to the next question.
Date: _________________Objectives: 1) SWBAT write the chemical formulas of covalent compounds given its name.
Class WORKClass Work (Independent Practice) Directions: Finish as many questions as you can during class. Refer to your notes and ask at least three classmates before asking me for help. If you do not finish these questions in class, you must finish them for homework.
Directions: Write the chemical formula of the following covalent compounds given its name.
1. dinitrogen trioxide
2. sulfur hexafluoride
3. carbon tetrachloride
4. phosphorus pentafluoride
5. silicon tetraflouride
6. sulfur hexoxide
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
24
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
7. nitrogen trichloride
8. boron tribromide
9. sulfur hexafluoride
10.sulfur trioxide
11. arsenic pentaflouride
12. diphosphorus tetroxide
13. chlorine dioxide
14. phosphorus triiodide
15. chlorine dioxide
16. iodine trichloride
17. phosphorus pentabromide
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
25
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____18. Arsenic trioxide
Make sure Mr. Gutierrez stamps/signs this by the end of the period. You CANNOT get the stamp/signature for a day later on. It is your responsibility to remind Mr. Gutierrez. You will NOT receive a stamp if you did not follow all classroom policies or actively work on the practice problems during the allotted class time. A stamp means you received all 10 points. No stamps means you’ve received zero points. If you completed some work, I may give you partial credit based on my discretion. If you are absent, write the date on the day you were absent and write the word “Absent.” DO NOT LOSE THIS SHEET!!! (If you lose this sheet, you will lose all of your participation points. NO EXCEPTIONS.)
Day of Week Followed All Classroom Policies (Respectful, on time, prepared, engaged…)
Class work Participation Homework
Monday /10 /10 /10
Tuesday /10 /10 /10
Wednesday /10 /10 /10
Thursday /10 /10 /10
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
26
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Friday /10 /10 /10
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
27
Name: _________________________________________________ Date: __________________ Period: _____
Classroom Policy Violation Codes
P = PhoneC = CursingT = TalkingL = Late to classO.T. = Off TaskH.D. = Head DownN.iP = Did not bring iPadUnp = Unprepared (no pencil, no iPad, no emergency passes, no periodic table, etc.)
Teacher Comments:
“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan
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