Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
1Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP--MODFLOW MODFLOW Decision Support SystemDecision Support System for IWRM for IWRM
-- Optimization of Groundwater Abstraction Rates Optimization of Groundwater Abstraction Rates --
Jobst Maßmann(1), Issam Nouiri(2), Klaus Schelkes(1), Abdallah Droubi(3)
The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, GERMANY
National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), Tunis, TUNISIA
The Arab Centre for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD), Damascus, SYRIA
(1)
(2)
(3)
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
2Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
Technical Cooperation Project:
Aim:
“Management, Protection and Sustainable Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Groundwater and Soil Resources in the Arab RegionUse of Groundwater and Soil Resources in the Arab Region”
www.acsad.org, www.bgr.de, www.acsad-bgr.org, www.bmz.de
The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR),
Hannover, GERMANY
The Arab Centre for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD),
Damascus, SYRIA
Development, application and dissemination of a Decision Support System (DSS) for
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in the Arab Region
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
3Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
Decision Support System (DSS) Decision Support System (DSS) for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)
Tasks of a DSS for IWRM• Analysis of the present water management in a
complex interacting system
• Evaluation of future scenarios, taking into account
- change of water demand and resources (climate change, socio-economic development, …)
- different water management options[Koudstaal et al. 1991]
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
4Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WATER EVALUATION & PLANNING SYSTEM - www.weap21.org
All processes are modeled by nodes and links
The base is the water balance in a catchment
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
5Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP--MODFLOW LinkageMODFLOW LinkageGroundwater is the main water
resource in the Arab Region
Detailed information about groundwater drawdowns and flows
are of special interest
Groundwater flow model is needed!
Groundwater is the main water resource in the Arab Region
Detailed information about groundwater drawdowns and flows
are of special interest
Groundwater flow model is needed!
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
6Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP--MODFLOW LinkageMODFLOW LinkageGroundwater is the main water
resource in the Arab Region
Detailed information about groundwater drawdowns and flows
are of special interest
Groundwater flow model is needed!
Groundwater is the main water resource in the Arab Region
Detailed information about groundwater drawdowns and flows
are of special interest
Groundwater flow model is needed!
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
7Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAP WEAP –– MODFLOW Applications in the Region MODFLOW Applications in the Region Induced Through Training ActivitiesInduced Through Training Activities
WEAP-MODFLOW DSS applications support local water institutions
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
8Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAP WEAP -- DSS DSS -- EnhancementsEnhancements
MODFLOWIntegration of a 3d groundwater flow model
MABIAEnhanced soil water balance model
MODPATH3d particle tracking model
All_WATER_gw OptimizationOptimization of abstraction rates and pumping allocation
(developed by Issam Nouiri, INAT, Tunisia)
Initiated by the ACSAD-BGR project
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
9Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
MotivationMotivation
How much water has to be taken from each well?
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
10Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
MotivationMotivationAbstraction rates and pumping allocation – WEAP solution
WEAPsolutions:
ANo priorities
Quality: 1.1 g/LCosts: 1.3 $/m³
BPriority on well 3
Quality: 0.9 g/LCosts: 1.6 $/m³Unmet demand!
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
11Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationOptimization of abstraction rates and pumping allocation
Optimization:Find the best configuration of a system considering single or multiple objectives and constraints.
Here:Objective functions• Demand satisfaction• Minimization of costs• Sufficient water quality• Minimization of drawdown at well 1
Constraints• Maximal pumping rate• Maximal drawdown
How much water has to be taken from each well?
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
12Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationObjective functions to minimize
• Demand satisfaction
• Minimization of maximal drawdown
• Minimization of costs
• Water quality
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛=
DemandSite
DemandSiteDS Demand
dUnmetDemanf max
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
=CellCell
CellDD BottomdInitialHea
DrawDownf max
maxstRateVariableCoFlow
FlowstRateVariableCotingCostFixedOperatCapitalCos
fItem
teratingCosVariableOp
ItemItemItemItem
CItem
⋅
⎥⎥
⎦
⎤
⎢⎢
⎣
⎡⋅++
=
∑
∑ 44444 344444 21
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛ −=
DemandSite
DemandSiteDemandSiteQ nncentratioAcceptedCo
nncentratioAcceptedCoionConcentratf max
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
13Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
OPTIMIZATION TOOLOPTIMIZATION TOOL
All_WATER_gw(genetic algorithm)
WEAPWEAP--MODFLOWMODFLOW
WEAP
MODFLOW
time step loop
Results
Evaluation of Results
Creation of new input parameters
Input parameters
optimization loop
WEAPWEAP-- Optimization ProcedureOptimization ProcedureStart
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
14Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationOptimized solution
Costs: 1.2 $/m³ [1.3]
Quality: 1.1 g/LDrawdown at well 1 is reduced
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
15Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationCase Study: Zeuss Koutine, Tunisia
10 km
Tunisia
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
16Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationYearly Demand / Supply (2013)
Touristic18 MCM
Villages11 MCM
Groundwater
1.5 g/L
Desalinizationmax 32 MCM
0.5 g/L
Energy needed for wells, transmission and desalinization plants
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
17Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationALL_WATER Optimization tool
Demand satisfaction
Drawdown
EnergyQuality satisfaction
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
18Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
WEAPWEAP-- OptimizationOptimizationResults case study (2013-2015)
Reference Optimized A
Priority on drawdown
minimization
Optimized B
Priority on energy
minimization
Salinity (g/L), touristic areas 1.0 0.8 0.9
Energy consumption (kWh/m³) 1.4 1.6 1.5
Drawdown, Zeuss WF (m/year) 1.3 0.7 1.0
WEAP-Area: ZEUSS_KOUTINE_Tunisia_2011_10_C_all / ZEUSS_KOUTINE_Tunisia_2011_10_E_cost_opt
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
19Arab-German Cooperation Project: (www.acsad-bgr.org):Management, Protection and Sustainable Use of Water and Soil Resources
Decision support systems help the decision maker to understand the interacting processes in a catchment and to evaluate action plans
The WEAP-MODFLOW DSS has successfully been applied in many areas in the Arab region and is used
The new Optimization tool ALL_WATER_gw has the capacity to optimize pumping/transmission costs, quality and drawdown, considering restrictions
The WEAP-MODFLOW DSS including the optimization tool is free for developing countries
ConclusionsConclusions
Dresden12.-13. 10. 2011
20
More informationMore information-- www.bgr.bund.dewww.bgr.bund.de/IWRM/IWRM--DSSDSS-- www.weap21.orgwww.weap21.org
THANK YOUTHANK YOU!
More informationMore information-- www.bgr.bund.dewww.bgr.bund.de/IWRM/IWRM--DSSDSS-- www.weap21.orgwww.weap21.org