Volunteer Water Volunteer Water Monitoring Support Monitoring Support
through the through the UWSP Center for UWSP Center for
Watershed Science and Watershed Science and EducationEducationNancy TurykNancy Turyk
Citizen-Based Monitoring Citizen-Based Monitoring ConferenceConferenceAugust 2004August 2004
StudentsStudents CitizensCitizens
University University StaffStaff
Water Information Water Information for for
Better DecisionsBetter Decisions
AgenciesAgencies Decision MakersDecision Makers
ResearchersResearchers
Citizen Based Citizen Based Water Monitoring Programs Water Monitoring Programs
at UWSPat UWSP GroundwaterGroundwater LakesLakes Rivers/WatershedsRivers/Watersheds
Wisconsin Groundwater Wisconsin Groundwater FactsFacts
70% of WI residents rely on 70% of WI residents rely on groundwater.groundwater.
Over 800,000 private wells in WI.Over 800,000 private wells in WI. Typical private wells yield water a few Typical private wells yield water a few
years to a few decades old.years to a few decades old. Municipal wells are required to have Municipal wells are required to have
water tests, individual well testing is water tests, individual well testing is optional.optional.
Groundwater MonitoringGroundwater Monitoring
Drinking water analysesDrinking water analyses Basic package includes Basic package includes
nitrate, pH, bacteria, nitrate, pH, bacteria, hardness, alkalinity, chloridehardness, alkalinity, chloride
Metals package Metals package PesticidesPesticides
Groundwater Monitoring Groundwater Monitoring OptionsOptions
Individual resident samplesIndividual resident samples Individuals submit samplesIndividuals submit samples Interpretation guide provided Interpretation guide provided
with resultswith results Assistance over telephone Assistance over telephone
availableavailable
Groundwater Monitoring Groundwater Monitoring OptionsOptions
Community drinking water Community drinking water programsprograms Provides a community/regional Provides a community/regional
view of groundwater view of groundwater Coordinated between local Coordinated between local
representative, WEAL Lab, and representative, WEAL Lab, and UWEX Groundwater EducatorUWEX Groundwater Educator
Includes a community Includes a community groundwater education program groundwater education program to better understand the analytical to better understand the analytical resultsresults
Community Drinking Water Community Drinking Water ProgramsPrograms
County, Township, Watershed, Lake County, Township, Watershed, Lake Assoc.Assoc.
BenefitsBenefits Determine safety of drinking water supply Determine safety of drinking water supply
and learn about treatment methodsand learn about treatment methods Increased understanding of groundwater Increased understanding of groundwater
and the connection to the landscapeand the connection to the landscape Better indicator of community’s Better indicator of community’s
groundwater qualitygroundwater quality People are informed on ways to protect People are informed on ways to protect
water resourceswater resources
Community Drinking Water Community Drinking Water ProgramsPrograms
Lake MonitoringLake Monitoring
Determine current Determine current conditions and long-conditions and long-term trends term trends
Individual Individual residents/lake residents/lake associationsassociations
As partners with As partners with CWSE in conjunction CWSE in conjunction with lake with lake assessments assessments
Lake Monitoring – Overturn Lake Monitoring – Overturn ProgramProgram
Samples are collected when the Samples are collected when the lake is “mixed” (Spring and Fall lake is “mixed” (Spring and Fall Overturn)Overturn)
Individuals collect samples from Individuals collect samples from deep hole of lakedeep hole of lake
Samples are prepared according Samples are prepared according to instructions and shipped on ice to instructions and shipped on ice to the labto the lab
Samples are analyzed in the lab Samples are analyzed in the lab for nutrients, minerals, for nutrients, minerals, contaminantscontaminants
Data are stored in a database and Data are stored in a database and graphed twice/yeargraphed twice/year
River/Watershed River/Watershed MonitoringMonitoring
Monitoring rivers is MUCH trickier!Monitoring rivers is MUCH trickier! Moving waterMoving water Varying quantities of waterVarying quantities of water Water quality changes over a given storm Water quality changes over a given storm Affected by a variety of adjacent land usesAffected by a variety of adjacent land uses
More rules/quality control/ quality More rules/quality control/ quality assuranceassurance Need to know the amount of waterNeed to know the amount of water Need to know the amount of precipitationNeed to know the amount of precipitation
Sample collection is relatively easy – Sample collection is relatively easy – sampling design is notsampling design is not
River/Watershed River/Watershed MonitoringMonitoring
CWSE monitoring builds on WAV CWSE monitoring builds on WAV monitoringmonitoring
Lab data can help provide answers to Lab data can help provide answers to observations made with WAV observations made with WAV monitoringmonitoring
Analyses include more than what Analyses include more than what could be measured with a field kitcould be measured with a field kit
Lab data are more accurate because Lab data are more accurate because of the methods of analysis and the of the methods of analysis and the quality controlquality control
CWSE can provide assistance with CWSE can provide assistance with sampling design/site selectionsampling design/site selection
River/Watershed River/Watershed MonitoringMonitoring
Used to Assess Used to Assess Current conditionsCurrent conditions Long-term trendsLong-term trends Affects of particular Affects of particular
land use activitiesland use activities Who collects the Who collects the
samples?samples? Individuals/river Individuals/river
groups groups Agency staff Agency staff
Little Plover River
0
2
4
6
8
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12
67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
Nit
rate
(m
g/L
)
River Monitoring ProgramRiver Monitoring Program
Baseflow monitoring is Baseflow monitoring is recommended for recommended for measuring long-term measuring long-term trendstrends Rivers are at low flow so Rivers are at low flow so
water quality can be easily water quality can be easily compared over a long compared over a long period of timeperiod of time
Standard package include Standard package include suspended sediment, suspended sediment, nutrients, and chloridenutrients, and chloride
Additional analyses may Additional analyses may include metals (urban) or include metals (urban) or pesticides (rural)pesticides (rural)
Quality Control/AssuranceQuality Control/Assurance
Site Site Identification/documentationIdentification/documentation
Group trainingGroup training Sample acquisition and handlingSample acquisition and handling Documented methodsDocumented methods Data managementData management
Sample SitesSample Sites SelectionSelection
Easy accessEasy access IdentifiableIdentifiable Well defined channelWell defined channel
Record locationRecord location Photograph Photograph MapsMaps Physical and legal Physical and legal
descriptiondescription “Site 16 Hartman Creek. Rural Road about ½ mile NW of intersection of Rural Rd and Whispering Pines Rd. Sample above culvert. Town of Dayton”
T21N R11E Sec 5 (SW ¼ of NW ¼ of Sec 5)
Field NotesField Notes Flow regimeFlow regime
Runoff Runoff (precipitation/snowme(precipitation/snowmelt) lt)
BaseflowBaseflow Ice on the river?Ice on the river? Dry for a month?Dry for a month? Staff gage and/or Staff gage and/or
flow measurementsflow measurements Measure Measure
precipitation precipitation
SamplingSampling Collect samples usingCollect samples using
grab method grab method siphon sampling devicesiphon sampling device
Samples collected in Samples collected in acid washed acid washed containerscontainers
SamplingSampling
Sampling equipment rinsed Sampling equipment rinsed with distilled water and with distilled water and triple rinsed with river triple rinsed with river waterwater
Samples filtered and/or Samples filtered and/or acidified as required for acidified as required for analysisanalysis
Sample bottles marked with Sample bottles marked with proper site identificationproper site identification
Samples transported on ice Samples transported on ice to the labto the lab
Flow MeasurementsFlow Measurements
All individuals All individuals trained in the fieldtrained in the field
Staff gages Staff gages Flow metersFlow meters Level loggersLevel loggers
Billing & Results Mailing Address: ENVIRONMENTAL TASK FORCE LAB CLIENT:
University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point Project:
College of Natural Resources, Room 200 Sampled By:
Toll Free No. (877) 383-8378 Sample Date:
http://www.uwsp.edu/cnr/etf Method of Shipment:
Phone No. WDNR State Certification Lab #750040280 Date of Shipment:
Fax No. CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD * Sample Type Field Analyses Lab Use Only
GW=Groundw ater S-Soil O-Oil Field Filtered: Temp. on Receipt On Ice
DW-Drinking Water SO-Solid X-Other Comments: Preservative pH SW-Surface Water SE-Sediment Preservative pH
WW-Waste Water H-Hazardous Liquid Comments:
SAMPLING PRESERVATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSES REQUESTED
Date Time Site Lab No. Co
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am
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Typ
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H2S
O4
Filt
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HN
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HN
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CUSTODY TRANSFER Relinquished By: Date: Time: Received By: Date: Time: Page ____ of ____
1
2 etf/form/chain.xls (excel)
Received in Lab by:
Custody Transfer to a Lab
Sharing the ResultsSharing the Results