Vibrio Population GeneticsHopkins Microbiology Course 2011Frank, Elsa, Bernal, Sasha, Tyler
Vibrio Population Genetics
How are Vibrios and their genes distributed locally and globally?
Sampling Scheme for Multilocus Sequencing
New Zealand: (2 coasts) x (2 beaches each) x (10 anemones each) x (5 Vibrio isolates
each)
California, 2007-2011: (Hopkins and Pt Lobos) x (8 anemones + 4 water each) x (5 Vibrio
isolates each)
Sequenced: recA, gyrB, mdh & ompK
ATCGAT
ATCGCG
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 9005
1015202530
California 2011
1%2%3%10%
Sample no. of sequences
No o
f OTU
's
0 50 100 150 200 250 3000
10
20
30
40
50
60California (2007-2011)
0.12%3%10%
Sampled no. of sequences
No. o
f OTU
's
Rarefaction
1%
California vs. New Zealand
1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff
Total OTUs = 100 Total OTUs = 27
49 1 50
9 2 16
CANZ
CANZ
California - Anemone vs. Water
1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff
Total OTUs = 50 Total OTUs = 11
22 13 15
2 7 2
AnemoneWater
AnemoneWater
California - Hopkins vs. Point Lobos
1% Cutoff 5% Cutoff
Hopkins Pt. Lobos
Total OTUs = 50 Total OTUs = 11
30 11 9
4 6 1
Hopkins Pt. Lobos
California – 2008 to 20111% Cutoff
2010
10
0
0
4
3
2
15
0
2
70
10
8
2008
2009
5% Cutoff
2010
2011 0
00
000
00
4
12 2
02
0
Total OTUs = 43 Total OTUs = 11
2011
2008
2009
gyrB
mdh
recA
California New Zealand
California New Zealand
Concatenated Housekeeping by Location
LocationHopkinsPoint Lobos
Year20072008200920102011
AssociationAnemoneWater
California Concatenated by:
VariableSelection
ompK (2011 only)
HopkinsPoint Lobos
2009
2007
2008
20112011 2007
2009
2009
2007
2011
2011
2011 2007
Water Anemone NZ
UNIFRAC
Comparison P-valueNZ vs CA 0.01
Anemone vs Water 0.28 (CA only)Between Years 0.05-0.1 (CA only)
CALIFORNIA
NEW ZEALAND
Pop1 Pop2 Pop3 Pop4 Pop5CA 0.130 0.427 0.382 0.059 0.0002NZ 0.012 0.027 0.010 0.435 0.516
California vs. New Zealand
Locations within California
Hopkins
Pt. Lobos
Pop 1 Pop2 Pop3Hopkins 0.28 0.17 0.57
Pt. Lobos 0.52 0.09 0.39
2007
2010
2009
2008
2011
California Across Time
Point LobosHopkins
Considering Allele Types
recA
gyrB
mdh
Point LobosHopkins
ompK
recA
gyrB
mdh
ompK across California & Allele Types
Conclusions & Future Directions
• Distinct local vs global patterns in Vibrio sequence types
• Investigate further:– Environmental data– Temporal data– Spatial distribution of hybridization– Competition experiments to determine
local adaptation