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EA~<'2 ! U.S.NRC
UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
DOCKETEDUSNRC
May 16,2007 (4:05pm)
OFFICE OF SECRETARYRULEMAKINGS AND
ADJUDICATIONS STAFF
North Anna ESP HearingTopic 4- Radiological Releases
and Doses from NormalOperations
NRC Staff Presentation .I
Greg A. Stoetzel, PNNL-Healt Physics-,Jean-Claude F. Dehmel, NRC--Health-Physics-
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ýU.S.NRCSmTATES NUCLEAR RULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environnwnt
Discussion Topics
e Description of Radiological Environment* Regulatory Review* Effluent Source Term
* Exposure Pathways* Dose Estimates
* Uncertainties in Dose Estimates° Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program
2
•U.S.NRCMfMSTATES NUCLEA FXGUlATORY COhMSI'
Description of Radiological Environment
• Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program -
since 1976" Preoperational monitoring program" Measures - air, milk, crops, soil, well water, surface
water, fish, sediments, ambient radiation" REMP updated based on land use" Results reported annually" Doses to maximally exposed individual less than
regulatory standards
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k-lU.S.NRCUrE)STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Review of Regulations
* 10 CFR Part 20
* 10 CFR Part 50* Overview of Dose and
Concentration Limits
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,ý!'USNRCZNEDSTATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMSIN
Protecting People and ghc Environmtent
10 CFR Part 20 Regulations Overview
* Section 20.1301- Dose limits for members of the public
* Section 20.1302 - Compliance methods with dose limits
* Section 20.1301(e) - Compliance with EPA 40 CFR Part 190Standards
* Section 20.1301 (f) - Provisions for NRC to impose additionalrestrictions on radiation levels in unrestricted areas
Section 20.1501- Conducf of radiological surveys to assess hazards
* Part 20, Appendix B, Table 2 - Effluent concentration limits
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ii! -U.S.NRCU~FDSTATES NUCLEAR REGUATORY COMMSIN
Protecting People and the Environment
10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview
Section 50.34a - Description of equipment and procedures tocontrol radiological effluent releases, including ALARA
Section 50.36a - Requires technical specifications to comply withdose limits of Section 20.1301 and Part 50 App. I designobjectives
* Part 50, Appendix A, General Design Criteria (GDC):
SGDC 60 - Control effluent releases to the environment
> GDC 61 - Provide systems to ensure safety during plant operation
> GDC 64 - Monitor all releases of radioactive materials
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SU.S.NRCUTED STATES NUCLEAR RE•U•ATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Enwironnment
10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview
Part 50 Appendix I - Numerical Guides and Design Objectives
- Sect. II.A - Defines design objectives for liquid effluents- Sect. 1I.B and C - Define design objectives for airborne effluents- Sect. II.D - Requires cost-benefit analysis of radwaste systems- Sect. III - Requires conformity with design objectives demonstrated
by calculations and use of local site-specific data- Sect. IV - Establishes a surveillance and monitoring program,
requires data on measurable levels of radiation, identify changes inland-use in unrestricted areas, and includes a provision where NRCmay modify allowable effluent releases
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U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGiULATORY COMMSSO
Protectin~g People and thteEnvirounment
10 CFR Part 50 Regulations Overview
Part 50 Appendix I - Operational Effluent Control ProgramsOffsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) - Describes methods for
controlling releases (RETS/SREC), and estimating doses to public
> Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) - Describes thetypes of environmental samples and analyses conducted to assessradioactivity and radiation levels in unrestricted areas
> Program requirements and guidance:> NUREG-1301(PWR) and NUREG-1302 (PWR), NUREG-0133 (PWR and BWR),
1979 Branch Technical Position, Generic Letter 89-01, Regulatory Guide 1.206, andChapter 11.5 of the Standard Review Plan (NUREG-0800)
> Yearly Reports - Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report, and theAnnual Radioactive Effluent Release Report
> Notification criteria & recordkeeping requirements:Part 20 (Subpart M), Section 50.72, Part 50.73, and Part 50.75(g)
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/r U.S.NRC•rME STATES NUCLE RULATOR COMMISoN
Protecting People and the Environment
Overview of 10 Part 20 and Part 50 Dose and Concentration Limits
Regulations Effluent/Source Pathway Organ Dose (mrem/yr)
Part 20, App. B Liquid and All All Nuclide conc. limitsGaseous
Section 20.1301 All All Whole body 100
Part 50, Liquids All Total body 3Appendix I,Design All Any 10Objectives
Gaseous All Total body 5
All Skin 15
lodines & Part. All Any 15
Gaseous Gamma air dose' o/a 10 mrad/yr
Beta air dose n/a 20 mrad/yr
40 CFR Part 190 All All Total 25/25
Dose Standards body/Organ
All All Thyroid 75
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SFU.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISION
Effluent Release Source Term
" PPE source term- ABWR, AP1 000, ACR-700, ESBWR
- Other designs assumed bounded
" Liquid effluent source term- Revised tritium source term
- 3100 Ci/yr to 850 Ci/yr- Lake Anna tritium concentrations less than EPA
drinking water standard
° Gaseous effluent source term- Reactor
- Unit 3 wet cooling tower (216 Ci/yr - tritium)
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U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGUIATORY COMMISSION
Exposure Pathways to Public
" Direct radiation exposure - negligible- Generic Impact Statement on License Renewal (NUREG-1437)- PPE reactor designs - at least as protective
" Liquid pathway- Discharge canal to WHTF to Lake Anna- Ingestion of aquatic food- Ingestion of drinking water- Exposure to shoreline sediment- Exposure to water through boating, swimming
" Gaseous pathway- From reactor- From Unit 3 wet cooling tower (tritium release)
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•U.S.NRCU~WSTATES NUCLA EU LAO CMISO
Pmroticng People and the Enviroment
Doses from Liquid Effluents
" LADTAP II (NRCDOSE version 2.3.5)* PPE Source Term" Reviewed site-specific parameters
" Estimated total body and maximum organdose to MEI per unit
" Compared results to:- Applicant's results
- 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I - Design Objectives
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Protecting People and the Environmnent
Liquid Pathway Doses to MaximallyExposed Individual (per Unit)(generated from EIS, Table 5-8, p. 5-62)
Pathway Total Body Dose Maximum Organ(adult) Dose (bone, child)
Aquatic Foods 0.58 mrem/yr 2.45 mrem/yr(fish, invertebrates)
Drinking Water 0.20 mrem/yr 0.027 mrem/yr
Shoreline Use, 0.031 mrem/yr 0.031 mrem/yr
Swimming, Boating
Total 0.81 mrem/yr 2.5 mrem/yr(Design Objectives) (3 mrem/yr) (10 mrem/yr)
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•U.S.NRCUNTDSTATES NUCLEAR REGLCATORY COMM1SMION
ProIeachng People and t"s Envarvnment
Doses from Gaseous Effluents
" GASPAR II (NRCDOSE version 2.3.5)" PPE Source Term/Tritium Release from Unit 3 Wet Cooling
Tower* Reviewed site-specific parameters* Estimated doses at nearest site boundary, nearest
vegetable garden, nearest meat cow per unit" Estimated doses from Unit 3 Cooling Tower (tritium
release)° Comlpared results to:
- Applicant's results- 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I - Design Objectives
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U.S.NRCUID STATES NUC.LAR REGULATORY COMMMIESON
Protecting People and the Environment
Gaseous Pathway Doses to Maximally ExposedIndividual (generated from EIS, Table 5-9, p. 5-63)
Location Pathway Total Body Thyroid Skin(mrem/yr) (mrem/yr) (mrem/yr)
Nearest Site Plume 2.1 - 6.2Boundary
Inhalation (adult) 0.3 1.6 -
Inhalation (child) 0.27 2.3 -
Nearest Garden Vegetable 1.1 13.1 -Consumption(child)
Nearest Plume 1.4 - 4.0Residence
Inhalation (teen) 0.2 1.3 -
Inhalation (child) 0.18 1.5
Nearest Meat Meat 0.079 0.17Cow consumption
(child)
.7
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ýU.S.NRCUMDSTAMl NUCLEAR RGLTR O
Protecting Peopl and the Environmnent
Impacts to Members of Public
• Dose estimates within DesignObjectives (per unit)
" Comparison to 40 CFR Part 190Dose Limits- Whole body (25 mrem/yr) - 6.8 mrem/yr- Thyroid (75 mrem/yr)- 27 mrem/yr
- Organ (25 mrem/yr) - 12 mrem/yr
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UNITE.D STATSN CLERPGUTOYCMISON
ProuCfing People and the Enivirnment
Uncertainties in Dose Estimates
" Regulations have no statistical reliabilityassociated with them
" Sources of Uncertainty in Dose Estimates- Source Term- Atmospheric dispersion factors
- Liquid dilution flow- Food chain transport values
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ýU.S.NRCjj UNrED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMESO
Protectisg People antd thEnvironment
Summary of Radiological Impacts
" Exposure to the public- Estimated doses to public within
regulatory design objectives andstandards
- No observable health impacts to public
* Conclusion - radiological impactsfrom operation would be SMALL
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?U.S.NRCUNf STATES NUCLER r.L GUTORY COM-ION
Protecting People and the Enviromient
Radiological Monitoring
" Radiological EnvironmentalMonitoring Program - since 1976
" Reviewed the REMP, the ODCM,and recent monitoring reports
" Current program adequate for newunits
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