» Dissolves to give an electrically conducting solution containing ions
» e.g. ionic solutions
ELECTROLYTE
» Dissolves to give a non-conducting solution containing neutral molecules
» e.g. molecular solutions (especially organic compounds)
NON-ELECTROLYTE
The maximum amount of substance which can dissolve in a given amount of solvent
at given temperature.
“saturated” solution
» Substance in lesser concentration, will be dissolved
SOLUTE
» Substance in greater concentration, dissolves the solute
SOLVENT
A substance’s solubility is itsequilibrium concentration in solution at a given temperature
“Molar solubility” when the concentration is expressed in
moles/litre or M
2 conditions required for saturation to exist: 1. Some undissolved mateirial
is present2. Equilibrium exists between
dissolved & undissolved material
Predict the equations for a compound such as K3PO4 in solution:
Equilibrium K3PO4 (s) ⇌ 3 K+(aq) + PO4
3-(aq)
Dissolving reaction K3PO4 (s) à 3 K+
(aq) + PO43-
(aq)
Crystallizationreaction 3 K+
(aq) + PO43-
(aq)à K3PO4 (s)