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Understanding
Figurative Language
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Recognize and
understand the
significance of various
literary devices, including
figurative language.
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What is
figurative
language?
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Figurative language
is
is language
that changes
the normal meaning
of words
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Figurative languageis not meant exactly as thedictionary definition of words would indicate
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Forexample. . .
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My heart is delicateas a doll
Her stomach was a beach ball
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Literal languageis the exact
definition
of words
Figurative languageexaggerates the
meanings of
words by using
comparisons
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Literal meaning:The lost dog ran across the yard.
The child hurried through
the mall like a lost dog.
Figurative meaning:
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Literal meaning:The zoo is loud and noisy.
The classroom is like a zoo.
Figurative meaning:
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There are two main types offigurative language
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A metaphorcompares two unlike things
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Her eyes are
diamonds
shining
brilliantly in
the nightMy heart is cold rain
After doing his homework, Joey is a zombie
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A simileuses the
connecting words like,
as, or thanto comparetwo unlike things
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Angie walked as
gracefully as a princess
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You will find metaphors and similes in. . .fiction and nonfiction
poetry and song lyrics
movies and TV dialogue
advertising
everyday language
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I am Superwoman
Yes, I am
When Im a mess,
I still put on a vest
With an S on my chest
Yes, Im a Superwoman
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Life is a journey. . .
Travel it well. . .
United Airlines
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Sleeping on a Sealy is like sleeping on a cloud
Sealy mattresses
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is like gravity
You see,
madness,as you know,
all it takes is a little push
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How are metaphors andsimiles different?
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(they use the words like, as, or than)
SimilesareEXPLICIT
Love is likea raging flame
MetaphorsareIMPLICIT(they DONTuse the words like, as, or than)
Love isa raging flame
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Metaphorsand similesare also called
figures of speech
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REMEMBERthat figurative language
is based on
comparisons
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Think about the
following passage
What is life being
compared to?
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LIFEis but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage,
And then is heard no more. It is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
Signifying nothing.
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In this passage, life is compared to. . .
(A) A circus and a zoo
(B) A journey that ends in death
(C) A lonely and empty desert
(D) A shadow, a player, and a tale
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Figurative language is. . .
visual
and descriptive,
and when used effectively,
it can evoke powerful images
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Death lurked
inside the
classroom,
ready to
explode like
a time bomb
To the gods, human
beings are simply flies
buzzing aimlessly
through the universe
The heat poked at Victors
body like a hypodermic needle
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Figurative language often
suggestsor revealsimportant
information about characters,events, settings, and other
elements in a story
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Mr. Black
looked like a
man who has
just opened
the wrong
Christmas
present
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This simile suggests that Mr. Black is. . .
(A) Excited
(B) Lonely
(C) Embarrassed
(D) Angry at Santa Claus
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This metaphor suggests that the Joker is. . .
(A) A handsome clown
(B) Good at catching cars
(C) Wild and out of control
(D) A poor driver
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How
sharper
than a
serpent 's
tooth i t is
to have a
thanklesschi ld!
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This simile suggests that having athankless child is. . .
(A) What every parent wants
(B) Painful
(C) Enjoyable
(D) Challenging
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communicate a
great deal of
meaning with
just a few words
encourage you to
think about
relationships and
comparisons
make ordinary
language seem
extraordinary
Similes and
metaphors can. . .
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Another type of
figurative language is
hyperbole
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A hyperboleis anexaggerated or
over-the-top
statement
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Hes got tons of money.
I will die if she asks me to dance.
I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.
I have told you a million times not to lie!
The weather is so hot it could melt your face.
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Hyperbolesare
used to create a
strong emotional
response
They are humorous or shocking
They are alsopopular in
advertising
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Red Bull
gives you wings
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Made from
the best stuffon Earth
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The ultimate driving machine
BMW
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DASANI water
Cant live without it
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Whether youre trying to identify
and understand
similes
metaphors
orhyperboles,
what you need to remember is this:beyond one meaning
They take us
and open up
new possibilities and avenues