1
UAF COMMUNITY COLLEGE
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, FAISALABAD
Revised Course Contents for F.Sc. Pre-Agriculture
Rationale
The existing scheme of studies for intermediate pre-agriculture at UAF Community College PARS was
required to be revised according to requirements of Inter Board Committee of Chairmen (IBCC) and
Pakistan Veterinary Medical Council (PVMC). Therefore, the course contents have been revised
accordingly. Now, the following proposed course contents are 100% equivalent to the Curricula and
Syllabi (Academic Session 2012-2014) of the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Lahore.
Table of Contents
Sr. No. Course Code Course Title Credit Hours Page Number
1 PY-101 Physics-I 4(3-1) 02
2 PY-102 Physics-II 4(3-1) 05
3 Chem-101 Chemistry-I 4(3-1) 08
4 Chem-102 Chemistry-II 4(3-1) 11
5 Bot-101 Botany-I 4(3-1) 14
6 Bot-202 Botany-II 4(3-1) 17
7 Math-101 Mathematics-I 4(4-0) 19
8 Math-102 Mathematics-II 4(4-0) 21
9 Eng-103 English-I 4(4-0) 23
10 Eng-105 English-II 4(4-0) 24
11 SSH-104 Pakistan Studies 3(3-0) 25
12 IS-101 Islamic Studies 3(3-0) 27
13 PY-201 Physics-III 4(3-1) 28
14 PY-202 Physics-IV 4(3-1) 30
15 Chem-201 Chemistry-III 4(3-1) 32
16 Chem-202 Chemistry-IV 4(3-1) 34
17 Zool-102 Zoology-I 4(3-1) 37
18 Zool-201 Zoology-II 4(3-1) 40
19 Math-201 Mathematics-III 4(4-0) 44
20 Math-202 Mathematics-IV 4(4-0) 47
21 Eng-201 English-III 4(4-0) 49
22 Eng-202 English-IV 4(4-0) 50
23 CS-201 Computer Science 4(3-1) 52
2
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Physics-I
PY-101
4(3-1)
Physics-I
PY-101
4(3-1)
Theory
Introduction to physics, Physical Quantities,
International system of units, Errors and
uncertainties, Significant figures, Precision
and accuracy, Assessment of total uncertainty
in the final result, Basic concepts of vectors,
Vector addition by rectangular components,
Product of two vectors, Torque, Equilibrium
of Torque, Equilibrium of forces,
Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration,
Velocity time graph, Review of equations of
uniformly accelerated motion, Newton’s laws
of motion, Rocket propulsion, Projectile
motion, Work done by a constant force, Work
done by a variable force, work done by
gravitation field, Power, Energy, Interco
version of potential energy and kinetic energy,
Conservation of energy, Non conventional
energy sources, Angular displacement,
Angular velocity, Angular acceleration,
Relation between angular and linear
velocities, Centripetal force, Moment of
inertia, Angular Momentum, Laws of
conservation of Angular momentum,
Rotational kinetic energy, Artificial satellites,
Real and apparent weight, Weightlessness in
satellites and gravity free system, Orbital
velocity, Artificial gravity, Geostationary
orbits, Communication satellites, Newton’s
and Einstein’s views of gravitation, Viscous
drag and stokes law, Terminal velocity, Fluid
flow, Equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s
equation, Application of Bernoulli’s equation.
Practicals:
1. Determine the volume of a solid cylinder
using vernier calipers.
2. To find the area if cross section and
volume of a small sphere using the
micrometer screw gauge.
3. To find the area of cross-section of a wire
using the micrometer screw gauge.
Theory
Introduction to physics, Physical Quantities,
International system of units (base units,
supplementary units, derived units,
scientific notation, conventions for
indicating units), Errors and uncertainties,
Significant figures, Precision and accuracy,
Assessment of total uncertainty in the final
result (for addition and subtraction, for
multiplication and division, for power
factor, for uncertainty in the average value
of many measurements, for the uncertainty
in a timing experiment ), Dimensions of
physical quantities(checking the
homogeneity of physical equation, deriving
a possible formula), Basic concepts of
vectors (vectors, rectangular coordinate
system, addition of vectors, resultant vector,
vector subtraction, multiplication of a vector
by a scalar, unit vector, null vector, equal
vectors, rectangular components of a vector,
determination of a vector from its
rectangular components, position vector),
Vector addition by rectangular components,
Product of two vectors (scalar or dot
product, vector or cross product), Torque,
Equilibrium of forces (first condition of
equilibrium), Equilibrium of Torques
(second condition of equilibrium),
Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration,
Velocity time graph, Review of equations of
uniformly accelerated motion, Newton’s
laws of motion, Momentum (momentum
and Newton’s second law of motion,
impulse, law of conservation of
momentum), Elastic and inelastic collisions
(elastic collision in one dimension), Forces
due to water flow, Momentum and
explosive forces, Rocket propulsion,
Projectile motion (Height of the projectile,
time of flight, range of the projectile,
application to ballistic missiles), Work done
3
4. Find the unknown weight of a body by the
method of vector addition.
5. Verification of following relations of
simple Pendulum
i. Time Period is independent of
amplitude
ii. Time Period is independent of its mass
and density of the bob
iii. Time Period is directly proportional to
the square root of its length
6. To find the acceleration due to gravity by
oscillating mass spring system
7. Verify the conditions of equilibrium using
suspended meter rod.
8. Study the fall of a body through a viscous
medium
9. Determine the Youngs moduls of
elasticity of a wire by Searles apparatus.
Find the moment of inertia of a fly Wheel
about its axis
Recommended Books:
1. Saleemi, F., Butt, Z., Shahid, M.A.,
Ghauuri, I. M., Nisar, M., Tariq, J.,
Hussain, K., Mahmood, F.,Usmani, S.,
Riaz, A. 2009. Physics XI, Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
by a constant force, Work done by a
variable force, work done by gravitation
field, Power (power and velocity), Energy
(work-energy principle, absolute potential
energy, escape velocity), Interconversion of
potential energy and kinetic energy,
Conservation of energy, Non conventional
energy sources (energy from tides, energy
from waves, solar energy, energy from
biomass, energy from waste products,
geothermal energy), Angular displacement,
Angular velocity, Angular acceleration,
Relation between angular and linear
velocities, Centripetal force, Moment of
inertia, Angular Momentum, Laws of
conservation of Angular momentum,
Rotational kinetic energy (Rotational kinetic
energy of a disk and a hoop), Artificial
satellites, Real and apparent weight,
Weightlessness in satellites and gravity free
system, Orbital velocity, Artificial gravity,
Geostationary orbits, Communication
satellites, Newton’s and Einstein’s views of
gravitation, Viscous drag and stokes law,
Terminal velocity, Fluid flow, Equation of
continuity, Bernoulli’s equation,
Application of Bernoulli’s equation
(Torricelli’s theorem, relation between
speed and pressure of the fluid, Venturi
relation, blood flow).
Practicals:
1. To find the volume of a cylinder using
Vernier Calliper.
2. To find the area of cross section of a
wire or volume of small sphere using
the microcenter screw gauge.
3. To find the unknown weight of a body
by the method of vector addition of
forces.
4. Determination of value of ‘g’ by free
fall using an electronic timer/ticker.
5. Verification of following relations of
simple Pendulum;
i. Time Period is independent of the
amplitude.
4
ii. Time Period is independent of its
mass or density of the bob.
iii. Time Period is directly proportional
to the square root of its length.
6. To find the acceleration due to gravity
by oscillating mass-spring system
7. To study the laws of conservation of
momentum by colliding trolleys and
ticker timer for elastic and inelastic
collisions.
8. Verify the second condition of
equilibrium using a suspended meter
rod.
9. To study the fall of a body through a
viscous medium and hence to deduce
the co-efficient of viscosity of the
medium.
10. To determine Young’s modulus of wire
by Searle’s apparatus.
11. To find the moment of inertia of a fly
wheel.
Recommended Books:
1. Saleemi, F., Butt, Z., Shahid, M.A.,
Ghauuri, I. M., Nisar, M., Tariq, J.,
Hussain, K., Mahmood, F.,Usmani,
S., Riaz, A. 2014. Physics XI,
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics
(4th Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
5
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Physics-II
PY-102
4(3-1)
Physics-II
PY-102
4(3-1)
Theory Simple harmonic motion, SHM and uniform
circular motion, Phase, A horizontal mass
spring system, simple pendulum, energy
conservation in SHM, Free and forced
Oscillations, Resonance, Damped
Oscillations, Sharpness of Resonance,
Progressive Waves, Periodic Waves, Speed of
sound in air, Principle of superposition,
Interference, Beats, Reflection of Waves,
Stationary Waves, Stationary Waves in a
stretched string, Stationary Waves in air
columns, Doppler Effect, Waterfronts,
Huygen’s principle, Interference of Light
waves, Young’s double slit Experiment,
Interference in thin films, Newton’s Rings,
Michelson’s Interferometer, Diffraction of
Light, Diffraction Due to a Narrow slit,
Diffraction grating, Diffraction of X-Rays by
Crystals, Polarization of light, Least Distance
of distinct vision, Magnifying power and
resolving power optical Instruments, Simple
Microscope, Compound Microscope,
Astronomical telescope, Spectrometer, Speed
of Light, Introduction of Fiber optics, Fiber
optic principles, Types of optical Fiber, Signal
Transmission and conversion to sound, Losses
of power, Kinetic theory of Gases, Internal
Energy, Work and Heat, First law of
Thermodynamics, Molar specific Heats of a
Gas, Reversible and irreversible processes,
Heat engine, Second Law of
Thermodynamics, Carnot engine and Carnot’s
Theorem, Thermodynamics scale of
temperature, Petrol Engine, Entropy,
Environmental crises as entropy crises.
Practicals:
1. Verify the law of vibrations of stretched
strings using a sonometer.
2. To determine the wavelength and velocity
of sound in air using stationary waves by
Theory
Simple harmonic motion (instantaneous
displacement and amplitude of vibration,
vibration, time period, frequency, angular
frequency), SHM and uniform circular
motion (displacement, instantaneous
velocity, acceleration in terms of ω), Phase,
A horizontal mass spring system, simple
pendulum, energy conservation in SHM,
Free and forced Oscillations, Resonance,
Damped Oscillations, Sharpness of
Resonance, Progressive Waves (transverse
and longitudinal waves), Periodic Waves
(transverse periodic waves, longitudinal
periodic waves), Speed of sound in air
(Effect of variation of pressure, density and
temperature on the speed of sound in a gas),
Principle of superposition, Interference,
Beats, Reflection of Waves, Stationary
Waves, Stationary Waves in a stretched
string, Stationary Waves in air columns,
Doppler Effect (Applications of Doppler
effect), Waterfronts, Huygen’s principle,
Interference of Light waves (conditions for
detectible interference), Young’s double slit
Experiment, Interference in thin films,
Newton’s Rings, Michelson’s
Interferometer, Diffraction of Light,
Diffraction Due to a Narrow slit, Diffraction
grating, Diffraction of X- Rays by Crystals,
Polarization (production and detection of
plane polarized light, optical rotation), Least
Distance of distinct vision, Magnifying
power and resolving power of optical
Instruments, Simple Microscope,
Compound Microscope, Astronomical
telescope, Spectrometer, Speed of Light,
Introduction of Fiber optics, Fiber optic
principles, Types of optical Fiber, Signal
Transmission and conversion to sound,
Losses of power, Kinetic theory of Gases
(pressure of gas, interpretation of
6
resonance apparatus using the first
resonance position and the end correction.
3. To determine the focal length of a convex
lens by displacement method.
4. To determine the focal length of a convex
lens using.
(i) Convex mirror
(ii) Convex lens
5. To find the reflective index of a water
using a concave mirror.
6. Determine the critical angle of glass using
a glass prism and hence calculate the
refractive index of a glass.
7. To determine the wavelength of sodium
light by Newton,s Rings.
8. To determine the wavelength of sodium
light by Diffraction grating.
9. Setting up a telescope and determination
of its magnifying power and length.
10. To measure the mechanical equivalent of
heat by electrical method.
Recommended Books:
1. Saleemi, F., Butt, Z., Shahid, M.A.,
Ghauuri, I. M., Nisar, M., Tariq, J.,
Hussain, K., Mahmood, F.,Usmani, S.,
Riaz, A. 2009. Physics XI, Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
temperature, deviation of gas laws), Internal
Energy, Work and Heat, First law of
Thermodynamics (isothermal process,
adiabatic process), Molar specific Heats of a
Gas, Reversible and irreversible processes,
Heat engine-Diesel engine, Second Law of
Thermodynamics, Carnot engine and
Carnot’s Theorem, Thermodynamics scale
of temperature, Petrol Engine-Diesel
engine, Entropy, Environmental crises as
entropy crises.
Practicals:
1. Determination of frequency of AC by
Melde’s apparatus/electric sonometer.
2. Investigation of die laws of vibration of
stretched strings by sonometer or
electromagnetic method
3. To determine the wavelength of sound
in air using stationary waves and to
calculate the speed of sound.
4. To determine the focal length of a
convex lens by displacement method.
5. To determine the focal length of a
convex lens using.
(i) Convex mirror
(ii) Convex lens
6. To find the refractive index of the
material of a prism using laser or
spectrometer
7. To find the refractive index of the
material of a prism by critical angle
method.
8. To find the refractive index of a liquid
using a concise mirror.
9. To determine the wavelength of sodium
light by Newton’s Rings.
10. To determine the wavelength of light by
diffraction grating using spectrometer or
laser.
11. To measure the diameter of a wire or
hair using laser.
12. Setting up a telescope and determination
of its magnifying power and length.
13. To find the coefficient of linear
expansion of the material of a rod by
7
Pullinger’s apparatus.
14. To measure the mechanical equivalent
of heat by electrical method.
Recommended Books:
1. Saleemi, F., Butt, Z., Shahid, M.A.,
Ghauuri, I. M., Nisar, M., Tariq, J.,
Hussain, K., Mahmood, F.,Usmani,
S., Riaz, A. 2014. Physics XI,
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics
(4th Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
8
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Chemistry-I
Chem-101
4(3-1)
Chemistry-I
Chem-101
4(3-1)
Theory Atom, Evidence of atom, Molecule, Ions,
molecular Ion, Relative atomic mass,
Isotopes, Relative Abundance of Isotopes,
Determination of relative atomic mass of
Isotopes by Mass Spectroscopy, Average
Atomic masses, Analysis of a compound,
Empirical and Molecular Formulas, Empirical
formula, Empirical formula from combustion
analysis, Molecular Formula, Concept of
mole, Avogadro’s number, Molar volume,
Stoichiometry, Limiting reactant, Yield,
Filtration, Filtration through filter paper,
Filtration through filter crucibles,
Crystallization, Choice of solvent, preparation
of saturated solution, Cooling, Collecting the
crystals, Drying of the crystallized substance,
decolourization of undesired colours,
Sublimation, Solvent extraction,
Chromatography, Paper chromatography,
States of matter, Properties of gases,
Properties of Liquids, Properties of solids,
Units of pressure, Gas laws, Boyles law,
Charles law, Derivation of Absolute zero,
Scales of Thermometry, General gas equation,
Ideal gas constant, Density of an Ideal gas,
Avogadro’s Law, Daltons law of partial
pressures, Calculation of partial pressure of a
gas, Application of Daltons law of Partial
pressures, Diffusion and Effusion, Graham’s
Law of Diffusion, Kinetic Molecular theory of
gases, Explanation of gas laws from Kinetic
Theory of gases, Kinetic interpretation of
temperature, Liquefaction of gases, General
principle of liquefaction, Methods of
liquefaction of gases, non ideal behavior of
gases, Causes of Deviations from ideality,
Van der Waals Equation for real gases,
Plasma state, Intermolecular forces, Dipole-
dipole Forces, Dipole-induced dipole forces,
Instantaneous Dipole-induced dipole forces or
Theory Atom, Evidence of atoms, Molecule,
molecular Ion, Relative atomic mass,
Isotopes, Relative Abundance of Isotopes,
Determination of relative atomic mass of
Isotopes by Mass Spectroscopy, Average
Atomic masses, Analysis of a compound,
Empirical and Molecular Formulas
Empirical formula, Empirical formula from
combustion analysis, Molecular Formula,
Concept of mole, Avogadro’s number,
Molar volume, Stoichiometry, Limiting
reactant, Yield. Filteration, Filteration
through filter paper, Filteration through
filter crucibles, Crystallization Choice of
solvent, preparation of saturated solution,
Cooling, Collecting the crystals, Drying of
the crystallized substance, decolourization
of undesired colours, Sublimation, Solvent
extraction, Chromatography Paper
chromatography, States of matter:
Properties of gases, Properties of Liquids,
Properties of solids, Units of pressure, Gas
laws: Boyles law, Experimental verification
of Boyel’s law, Charles law, Graphical
Explanation of Charles Law, General gas
equation: Ideal gas constant R, Density of
an Ideal gas, Avogadro’s Law, Daltons law
of partial pressures: Calculation of partial
pressure of a gas, Application of Daltons
law of Partial pressures. Diffusion and
Effusion: Graham’s Law of Diffusion,
Demonstration of Graham’s Law, Kinetic
Molecular theory of gases: Explanation of
gas laws from Kinetic Theory of gases:
Kinetic interpretation of temperature,
Liquefaction of gases: General principle of
liquefaction, Methods of liquefaction of
gases. Non ideal behaviors of gases: Causes
of Deviations from ideality, Van der Waals
Equation for real gases, Plasma state,
9
London Depression forces, Factors effecting
the London forces, Hydrogen bonding,
Properties and Application of compounds
containing hydrogen bonding, Evaporation,
Vapour pressure, Measurement of vapour
pressure, Boiling Point, Boiling point and
external pressure, Energetics of Phase
Changes, Energy changes and intermolecular
Attractions, Change of state and Dynamic
equilibrium, Liquid crystals, Solids, Types of
solids, Properties of crystalline solids,, Crystal
Lattice, Unit cell, Crystals and their
Classification, Classification of solids, Ionic
solids, Covalent solids, Molecular solids,
Metallic solids, Determination of Avogadro’s
number, Sub-atomic particles of atoms,
Discovery of cathode rays, Properties of
cathode rays, Discovery of Protons, Properties
of positive rays Discovery of Neutrons,
Properties of Neutron, Measurement of e/m
value of electron, Measurement of charge on
electron-Millikan Oil method, Rutherford’s
model of atoms, Planks quantum theory,
Bohr’s model of atom, Spectrum, continuous
spectrum, Atomic or Line spectrum, Atomic
emission spectrum, Atomic Absorption
spectrum, Hydrogen spectrum, Origin of
hydrogen spectrum, Origin of Hydrogen
spectrum on basis of Bohr’s model, Defects of
Bohr’s atomic model, X-rays atomic number,
Wave particle nature of matter, Experimental
verification of dual nature of matter,
Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Quantum
numbers, Shapes of orbitals, Electronic
distribution, Causes of chemical combination,
Energetics of bond formation, Atomic sizes,
Ionic radii and covalent radii, Ionization
energies, Electron affinity, Electronegativity,
Types of bonds, Modern theories of covalent
bond, Valance shell electron pair repulsion
theory, Valance bond theory, Atomic orbital
hybridization and shapes of molecules,
Molecular orbital theory, Bond energy bond
length and Dipole moment, Effect of bonding
on properties of compounds.
Introduction, Intermolecular forces:
Dipole-dipole Forces, Dipole-induced
dipole forces, Instantaneous Dipole-induced
dipole forces or London Depression forces,
Factors effecting the London forces,
Hydrogen bonding,, Properties and
Application of compounds containing
hydrogen bonding, Evaporation: Vapour
pressure, Measurement of vapour pressure,
Boiling Point, Boiling point and external
pressure Energetics of Phase Changes,
Energy changes and intermolecular
Attractions, Change of state and Dynamic
equilibrium, Liquid crystals, Solids:
Introduction, Types of solids, Properties of
crystalline solids. Crystal Lattice: Unit cell,
Crystals and their Classification,
Classification of solids: Ionic solids,
Covalent solids, Molecular solids, Metallic
solids, Sub-atomic particles of atoms:
Discovery of cathode rays, Properties of
cathode rays, Discovery of Protons,
Properties of positive rays, Discovery of
Neutrons, Properties of Neutron,
Measurement of e/m value of electron,
Measurement of charge on electron.
Rutherford’s model of atoms: Discovery of
Nucleus. Planks quantum theory, Bohr’s
model of atom, Spectrum: Continuous
spectrum, Atomic or Line spectrum, Atomic
emission spectrum, Atomic Absorption
spectrum, Hydrogen spectrum, Origin of
hydrogen spectrum, Origin of Hydrogen
spectrum on basis of Bohr’s model, Defects
of Bohr’s atomic model. Wave particle
nature of matter: Experimental verification
of dual nature of matter. Heisenberg
uncertainty principle, Quantum numbers,
Shapes of orbitals, Electronic distribution,
Introduction: Cause of chemical
combination, Energy of bond formation.
Atomic sizes: Atomic radii, Ionic radii and
covalent radii. Ionization energy electron
affinity and electronegativity, Types of
Bonds: Ionic bond, covalent bond, modern
theories of covalent bond, Valance shell
10
Practicals:
1. Knowledge of precautions.
2. Laboratory, knowledge of first aid and
first aid kit.
3. Familiarities with glass ware.
4. Cutting and bending of glass tubes.
5. Separation of a mixture of inks by paper
chromatography.
6. Separation and identification of lead and
cadmium ions in a mixture by paper
chromatography.
7. Purification of commercial salt.
8. Crystallization of benzoic acid from water.
9. Preparation and standardization of acid-
alkali solutions.
Recommended Book:
Muhammad, A., Qureshi, S. H., Ullah, C. S.,
Khan, M. L., Zia, A., Hussain, A. 2009.
Chemistry XI, Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
electron pair repulsion theory, Valance bond
theory, Atomic orbital hybridization and
shapes of molecules, Molecular orbital
theory, Bond Energy, bond length and
dipole moment: Bond energy, Ionic
character and bond energy, bond length,
dipole moment, Dipole moments and
molecular structure.
Practicals:
1. Knowledge of precautions.
2. Laboratory, knowledge of first aid and
first aid kit.
3. Familiarities with glass ware.
4. Cutting and bending of glass tubes.
5. Separation of a mixture of inks by paper
chromatography.
6. Separation and identification of lead and
cadmium ions in a mixture by paper
chromatography.
7. Purification of commercial salt.
8. Crystallization of benzoic acid from
water.
9. Preparation and standardization of acid-
alkali solutions.
10. Determination of heat of neutralization
Recommended Book: Muhammad, A., Qureshi, S. H., Ullah, C.
S., Khan, M. L., Zia, A., Hussain, A. 2014.
Chemistry XI, Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
11
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Chemistry-II
Chem-102
4(3-1)
Chemistry-II
Chem-102
4(3-1)
Theory Spontaneous and non spontaneous reactions,
system surrounding and state functions, Internal
energy and first law of thermodynamics,
Enthalpy, Measurements of enthalpy of
reactions, Hess law of constant heat summation,
Reversible and irreversible reactions, State of
chemical equilibrium, Law of mass action,
Relationships between equilibrium constants,
Application of equilibrium constant, Le-
Chatliers Principle, Application of Chemical
equilibrium in industry, Ionic product of water,
pH and pOH, Ionization constants of acids,
Ionization constants of basis, Lowery Bronsted
acid base concept, Common ion effect, Buffer
solutions, Buffer capacity, Equilibrium of
slightly soluble ionic compounds, Applications
of solubility product, Concept of solutions,
Concentration units of solutions, Types of
solutions, Ideal and non ideal solutions,
Raoult’s Law, Vapour pressure of liquid-liquid
solutions, Solubility and solubility curves,
Colligative properties of solutions, Energetics
of solution, hydration and hydrolysis, Oxidation
state and balancing of redox equations,
Electrolytic conduction, electrochemical cells,
Electrode potential, electrochemical series,
Applications of electrochemical series, modern
batteries and fuel cells, Rate of reaction, order
of reaction, Half life period, Rate determining
step, Determination of rate of chemical reaction,
Energy of activation, Finding the order of
reaction, Factors effecting rates of reaction,
Catalysis.
Practicals:
1. Determination of heat of neutralization,
Determination of Na2CO3 in mixture
solution, Determination of NaHCO3 in
mixture solution.
2. Standardization of KMnO4 solution by
standard oxalic acid solution.
Theory Introduction, Spontaneous and non-
spontaneous reactions, System, Surrounding
and State functions, Internal energy and first
law of thermodynamics, Enthalpy: Enthalpy
of a reaction, Formation, Atomization,
Neutralization, Combustion and Solution,
Measurement of a Reaction, Hess’s law of
constant heat summation, The Born-Haber
Cycle, Reversible and irreversible reactions:
State of chemical equilibrium, Law of mass
action, Units of equilibrium constants and
its expressions for some important
reactions, Relationship between equilibrium
constants, Application of equilibrium
constant, The Le-Chatliers Principle,
Application of Chemical equilibrium in
industry: Synthesis of Ammonia by Haber’s
Process, Preparation of Sulphur trioxide,
Ionic product of water, Ionization constants
of acids (Ka), Ionization constants of bases
(Kb), Lowery Bronsted acid base concept,
Common-ion effect, Buffer solutions,
Equilibria of slightly soluble ionic
compounds (Solubility product):
Applications of solubility product, Concept
of solutions, Concentration units of
solutions: Percentage composition, Molarity
(Symbol, M), Molality (Symbol, m), Mole
Fraction (Symbol, x), Parts per Million
(Symbol, ppm), Interconversion of various
concentration units of solution, Types of
solutions: Solutions of solids in liquids,
solutions of liquids in liquids, Ideal and non
ideal solutions, Raoult’s Law, Vapour
pressure of liquid-liquid solutions,
Solubility and solubility curves: solubility
curves, fractional crystallization, Colligative
properties of solutions: Colligative,
Lowering of vapour pressure, Elevation of
boiling point, Measurement of boiling point
elevation, Depression of the freezing point
12
3. Determination of number of water
molecules of crystallization in Mohr’s salt
and ferrous sulphate, Determination of
acetic acid in vinegar.
4. Titration of iodine solution against sodium
thiosulphate solution using starch as
indicator.
Recommended Book:
Muhammad, A., Qureshi, S. H., Ullah, C. S.,
Khan, M. L., Zia, A., Hussain, A. 2009.
Chemistry XI, Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
of solvent by solute, Measurement of
freezing depression. Energetics of solution:
Hydration energy of ions, Hydration and
hydrolysis: Hydration, hydrates and
hydrolysis, Oxidation state and balancing of
redox equations: Oxidation number or state,
To find oxidation number of an element in a
compound or a radical, Balancing of redox
equations by oxidation number method,
balancing redox equations by ion-electron
method, Electrolytic conduction:
Electrochemical cells, Electrolytic cells,
Explanation of Electrolysis, Electrolysis
process of industrial importance, Voltaic or
Galvanic cell, Electrode potential: Standard
hydrogen electrode, measurement of
electrode potential, Electrochemical series:
Applications of electrochemical series,
Modern batteries and fuel cells: Lead
accumulator, Alkaline battery, Silver oxide
battery, Nickel cadmium cell, Fuel cells,
Rate of reaction: Instantaneous and average
rate, Specific rate constant or velocity
constant, Order of reaction, Half life period,
Rate determining step, Determination of
rate of chemical reaction: Physical methods,
Chemical method, Energy of activation,
Finding the order of reaction, Half life
method, Method of large excess, Factors
affecting rates of reactions: Nature of
reactants, Concentration of reactants,
Surface area, Light, Effect of temperature
on rate of reaction, Arrhenius equation,
Catalysis: Characteristics of a catalyst,
Activation of catalyst, Enzyme catalysis,
Characteristics of enzyme catalysis.
Practicals:
1. Determination of Na2CO3 in a mixture
of solution.
2. Determination of NaHCO3 in a mixture
solution.
3. Standardization of KMnO4 by solution
by standard Oxalic acid.
4. Determination of number of water
molecules of crystallization in Mohr's
13
salt and ferrous sulphate.
5. Determination of acetic acid in vinegar.
6. Titration of iodine solution against
sodium thiosulphate solution using
starch as indicator.
Recommended Book:
Muhammad, A., Qureshi, S. H., Ullah, C.
S., Khan, M. L., Zia, A., Hussain, A. 2014.
Chemistry XI, Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
14
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Botany-I
Bot-101
4(3-1)
Botany-I
Bot-101
4(3-1)
Theory Biology and some major fields of specialization,
levels of biological organization, Living World in
Space, Living World in Time, Phyletic lineage,
Biological Method, Biology and the service of
mankind, Characteristics of enzymes, mechanism
of enzyme action, factors affecting the rate of
enzyme action, Emergence and Implication of Cell
Theory, Cell as a unit of structure and function,
Structure of a generalized cell (Plasma
membrane, Cell wall, Cytoplasm, Endoplasmic
Reticulum, Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus,
Lysosomes, Peroxisome, Glyoxysomes,
Vacuoles, cytoskeleton, centriole, mitochondria,
plastids, nucleus, nuclear membrane, nucleolus,
chromosomes, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell,
Characteristics of Cyanobacteria, their economic
importance, Nostoc,, The Algae: Plant like
protists, The Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates,
Diatoms, Brown Algae, Red Algae, Green Algae,
Fungus like protists; Slime molds and water
molds, Body of Fungus, Nutrition in Fungi,
Reproduction, Classification, Classification,
Adaptation to land habitat, Evolution of leaf,
Evolution of seed habit, Pinus life cycle, life cycle
of an angiospermic plant, seed formation, double
fertilization, angiospermic families (rosaceae,
solonaceae, fabaceae, ceasalpinaceae,
mimosaceae, poaceae), Photosynthesis,
Chloroplasts-The sites of photosynthesis in plants,
photosynthetic pigments, Light-the driving
energy, role of carbon dioxide: a photosynthetic
reactant, Reactions of photosynthesis, Non-cyclic
phosphorylation, cyclic phosphorylation,
Respiration; its types and reactions, Autotrophic
nutrition, heterotrophic nutrition, methods of
plant nutrition, nutrition in insectivorous plants,
Photorespiration and its consequences
Introduction, Need for transport of materials,
transport in plants, apoplastic, symplastic and
vacuolar pathways; Water potential, osmotic
Potential, pressure potential, ascent of sap,
Theory Biology and some major fields of
specialization, levels of biological
organization, Living World in Space,
Living World in Time, Phyletic lineage,
Biological Method, Biology and the
service of mankind, Protection and
Conservation of environment,
Characteristics of enzymes, mechanism of
enzyme action, factors affecting the rate of
enzyme action, Inhibitors, Emergence and
Implication of Cell Theory, Cell as a unit
of structure and function, Structure of a
generalized cell (Plasma membrane, Cell
wall, Cytoplasm, Endoplasmic Reticulum,
Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes,
Peroxisome, Glyoxysomes, Vacuoles,
cytoskeleton, centriole, mitochondria,
plastids, nucleus, nuclear membrane,
nucleolus, chromosomes, Prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell, Nomenclature, Two to five
kingdom classification systems,
Characteristics of Cyanobacteria, their
economic importance, Nostoc, The Algae:
Plant like protists, The Euglenoids,
Dinoflagellates, Diatoms, Brown Algae,
Red Algae, Green Algae, Fungus like
protists; Slime molds and water molds,
Body of Fungus, Nutrition in Fungi,
Reproduction, Classification, land
adaptations of Fungi, Importance of Fungi
(Economic gains and losses due to fungi),
Classification, Adaptation to land habitat,
Evolution of leaf, Evolution of seed habit,
Pinus life cycle, life cycle of an
angiospermic plant, seed formation, double
fertilization, angiospermic families
(rosaceae, solonaceae, fabaceae,
ceasalpinaceae, mimosaceae, poaceae),
Photosynthesis, Chloroplasts-The sites of
photosynthesis in plants, photosynthetic
pigments, Light-the driving energy, role of
15
cohesion tension theory, root pressure, guttation
types of transpiration, opening and closing of
stomata, translocation of organic solutes.
Practicals:
1. Laboratory safety techniques, use of
microscope and micrometry of microscopic
objects
2. Study of Chlorella, Volvox, Ulothrix, Ulva,
Ustilago tritici and Penecillium from fresh
materials and prepared slides
3. Examination of Marchantia and Funaria from
fresh material and prepared slides.
4. Study of Adiantum sporophyte and
gametophytes from fresh material and
prepared slides
5. Study of Pinus male and female cones
6. Study of different types inflorescence from
Cassia, Morus, Brassica, Foreniculum,
Avena, Helianthus, Tradescantia, Ipomoea
and Euphorbia
7. Extraction and chromatography of
photosynthetic pigments
8. Effect of glucose on opening and closing of
stomata
9. Investigation on stomatal distribution using
clear nail varnish or epidermal peels
10. Study from prepared slides of internal
structure of monocot and dicot root, stem and
leaf.
Recommended Books:
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J., Cheema,
S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed, A.R. and Sabri,
A. 2009. Biology XI. Punjab Text Book
Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H. Saeed, R.
M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R. Saeed, J. I. Qazi,
J.A.Wahla, Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed. 2009.
Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
carbon dioxide: a photosynthetic reactant,
Reactions of photosynthesis, Non-cyclic
phosphorylation, cyclic phosphorylation,
Respiration; its types and reactions,
Autotrophic nutrition, heterotrophic
nutrition, methods of plant nutrition,
nutrition in insectivorous plants, Need of
respiratory gas exchange, advantages and
disadvantages of gas exchange in air and in
water, gaseous exchange in plants,
Photorespiration and its consequences,
Introduction, Need for transport of
materials, transport in plants, apoplastic,
symplastic and vacuolar pathways; Water
potential, osmotic Potential, pressure
potential, ascent of sap, cohesion tension
theory, root pressure, guttation types of
transpiration, opening and closing of
stomata, translocation of organic solutes.
Practicals:
1. Laboratory safety techniques, use of
microscope and micrometry of
microscopic objects
2. Study of Chlorella, Volvox, Ulothrix,
Ulva, Ustilago tritici and Penecillium
from fresh materials and prepared
slides
3. Examination of Marchantia and
Funaria from fresh material and
prepared slides.
4. Study of Adiantum sporophyte and
gametophytes from fresh material and
prepared slides
5. Study of Pinus male and female cones
6. Study of different types inflorescence
from Cassia, Morus, Brassica,
Foreniculum, Avena, Helianthus,
Tradescantia, Ipomoea and Euphorbia
7. Extraction and chromatography of
photosynthetic pigments
8. Effect of glucose on opening and
closing of stomata
9. Investigation on stomatal distribution
using clear nail varnish or epidermal
peels
16
10. Study from prepared slides of internal
structure of monocot and dicot root,
stem and leaf.
Recommended Books:
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J.,
Cheema, S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed,
A.R. and Sabri, A. 2013. Biology XI.
Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H.
Saeed, R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R.
Saeed, J. I. Qazi, J.A.Wahla,
Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed. 2013.
Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
17
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Botany-II
Bot-202
4(3-1)
Botany-II
Bot-202
4(3-1)
Theory Osmoregulation in plants, Excretion in plants,
Support in plants, Sclerenchyma, Collenchyma,
Significance of Secondary growth, movements
in plants, role of plant growth substances in
plant movement, Introduction, coordination in
plants, responses to environmental stresses in
plants, defense against pathogens in plants,
biological clocks, circadian rhythms, plant
hormones; Auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins,
abscisic acid, ethane, Reproduction in plants;
Parthenocarpy; Seed dormancy; Fruit set and fruit
ripening; Photoperiodism; Vernalisation; Tissue
culture and cloning, Plant growth and
development in plants; Meristems, types of
growth; Conditions of growth and growth
correlations, Types of chromosomes, composition
of chromosome; Chromosomal theory of
inheritance; DNA as heredity material; Chemical
nature and structure of DNA; DNA replication,
transcription, translation, mutations, Cell cycle;
Mitosis and Meiosis, necrosis and apoptosis,
Genes, alleles and gene pool; Mendel’s laws of
inheritance; Dominance relations, Sex
determination in plants, Gene cloning;
Recombinant DNA technology, PCR, Gene
sequencing and human genome project;
Biotechnology products; Transgenic bacteria;
plants and animals; Gene therapy; In vitro
fertilization of plant egg and its importance;
Genetic engineering, Agricultural plants with
improved traits, Introduction, Ecosytem,
Biosphere, Autecology and synecology;
Components of Ecosystem, Intractions between
biotic and abiotic components, food chain, food
web, succession and its types, predation and
parasitism and its significance, symbiosis,
commensalism, grazing, biogeochemical cycles,
nitrogen depletion and its remedies, the flow of
energy in food chain of an ecosystem,
some major ecosystems in Pakistan.
Theory Concepts of homeostasis, osmoregulation,
osmoregulation in plants, Excretion in plants,
Support in plants, Sclerenchyma,
Collenchyma, Significance of Secondary
growth, movements in plants, role of plant
growth substances in plant movement,
Introduction, coordination in plants,
responses to environmental stresses in plants,
defense against pathogens in plants,
biological clocks, circadian rhythms, plant
hormones; Auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins,
abscisic acid, ethane, Reproduction in plants;
Parthenocarpy; Seed dormancy; Fruit set and
fruit ripening; Photoperiodism; Vernalisation;
Tissue culture and cloning, Plant growth and
development in plants; Meristems, types of
growth; Conditions of growth and growth
correlations, Types of chromosomes,
composition of chromosome; Chromosomal
theory of inheritance; DNA as heredity
material; Chemical nature and structure of
DNA; DNA replication, genetic code,
transcription, translation, mutations, Cell cycle;
Mitosis and Meiosis, necrosis and apoptosis,
Genes, alleles and gene pool; Mendel’s laws of
inheritance; Dominance relations, Sex
determination in plants, Gene cloning;
Recombinant DNA technology, PCR, Gene
sequencing and human genome project;
Biotechnology products; Transgenic bacteria;
Transgenic bacteria, plants and animals; Gene
therapy; In vitro fertilization of plant egg and
its importance; Tissue culture, Genetic
engineering, Agricultural plants with improved
traits, Introduction, Ecosytem, Biosphere,
Autecology and synecology; Components of
Ecosystem, Intractions between biotic and
abiotic components, food chain, food web,
succession and its types, predation and
parasitism and its significance, symbiosis,
commensalism, grazing, biogeochemical
18
Practicals:
1. Determination of osmosis in living onion
cells of spirogyra
2. Determination of solute potential of cell sap
using the method of incipient plasmolysis
3. Effect of different concentration of salts or
sugars solutions on plant cells
4. Investigation of movement in plants
5. Effect of indole acetic acid on the oat
coleoptiles (or germinating barley seeds)
6. DNA extraction, PCR and gel
electrophoresis (only demonstration)
7. Benedict’s test for reducing sugars
8. Million’s Biuret test for proteins
9. Iodine test for starch
10. Sudan-III test for fats and oils
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J., Cheema,
S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed, A.R. and
Sabri, A. 2009. Biology XI. Punjab Text
Book Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H. Saeed,
R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R. Saeed, J. I.
Qazi, J.A.Wahla, Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed.
2009. Biology XII. Punjab Textbook
Board, Lahore.
cycles, nitrogen depletion and its remedies, the
flow of energy in food chain of an ecosystem,
Climate, aquatic ecosystem, productivity of
aquatic ecosystem, fresh water lakes,
intervention of man in aquatic ecosystem,
terrestrial or lithospheric ecosystem, division
of terrestrial ecosystem, some major
ecosystems in Pakistan.
Practicals:
1. Determination of osmosis in living onion
cells of spirogyra
2. Determination of solute potential of cell
sap using the method of incipient
plasmolysis
3. Effect of different concentration of salts
or sugars solutions on plant cells
4. Investigation of movement in plants
5. Effect of indole acetic acid on the oat
coleoptiles (or germinating barley seeds)
6. DNA extraction, PCR and gel
electrophoresis (only demonstration)
7. Benedict’s test for reducing sugars
8. Million’s Biuret test for proteins
9. Iodine test for starch
10. Sudan-III test for fats and oils
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J.,
Cheema, S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed,
A.R. and Sabri, A. 2013. Biology XI.
Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H.
Saeed, R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R.
Saeed, J. I. Qazi, J.A.Wahla, Farkhanda,
S. S. Hameed. 2013. Biology XII.
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
19
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Mathematics-I
Math-101
4(4-0)
Mathematics-I
Math-101
4(4-0)
Theory Number system; Basic set theory: set of
integers, set of rational numbers, set of real
numbers, properties of sets, subset, power set,
Operations on sets, Properties of union and
intersection, Venn diagram and groups,
Matrices: Basic definitions, determinant of a
square matrix, Properties of Determinants,
inverse of a square matrix, row operations,
echelon form, rank of a matrix and system of
linear equations with applications. Cramer’s
Rule, Polynomial equations: linear equations,
quadratic equations, higher order equations and
their roots Reducible of the Quadratic
Equation, radical equations, reciprocal
equations, exponential equations, Three Cubes
roots of Unity, Four Fourth roots of Unity,
Polynomial function, Theorems, Synthetics
Division, Relations between the roots and the
coefficients of a quadratic equations, Formation
of an equation Whose roots are Given, Nature
of the roots of a Quadratic equation, System of
two equation involving two variables, Problems
on Quadratic equation, Permutation,
Combination and Probability, Introduction,
Permutation, circular Permutation, sample
space, event Combinations, Probability,
binomial theorem and the principle of
mathematical induction Mathematical
Induction and Binomial Theorem, Introduction,
Principle of Mathematical Induction, Principle
of Extended Mathematical Induction, Binomial
Theorem, The Binomial Theorem when the
index n is a negative integer or a fraction,
Application of the Binomial Theorem.
Recommended Book:
Lodhi, M.S., Ghauri, S.M., Bhatti, S. and
Saleem, K. 2009. Mathematics XI. Punjab Text
Book Board, Lahore.
Theory Rational Numbers and Irrational Numbers,
Properties of Real Numbers, Addition Laws,
Multiplication, Properties of Equality
and Inequalities, Complex Numbers,
Operations on Complex Numbers, Complex
Numbers as Ordered Pairs of Real Numbers,
Properties of the Fundamental
Operations on Complex Numbers, The Real
Line, The Real Plane or The Coordinate
Plane, Geometrical Representation of
Complex Numbers, The Complex Plane, To
Find real and imaginary parts, Sets,
Operations on Sets,Venn Diagrams,
Operations on Three Sets, Properties of
Union and Intersection Inductive and
Deductive Logic, Aristotelian and Non-
Aristotelian Logics, Symbolic Logic
Implication or conditional Biconditional,
Conditionals related with a given
conditional, Tautologies, Quantifiers Truth
Sets a Link between Set Theory and Logic,
Relations, Functions, Linear and Quadratic
Functions, Inverse of a Function, Binary
Operations, Properties of Binary Operations,
Groups, Solution of Linear Equations,
Reversal Law of Inverses, Matrices,
Addition of Matrices, Scalar Multiplication,
Subtraction of Matrices, Multiplication of
two Matrices, Determinants of a 2 x 2
Matrix, Singular and Non-Singular Matrices,
Adjoint of 2 x2 Matrix, Inverse of a 2x2
Matrix Solution of Simultaneous Linear,
Field, Properties of Matrix Addition, Scalar
and Matrix Multiplication, Determinants,
Minor and Cofactor of an Element of a
Matrix, Determinant of a square Matrix of
Order 𝑛 ≥ 3, Properties of Determinants
which Help in their Evaluation, Adjoint and
Inverse of a Square Matrix of Order 𝑛 ≥ 3,
Elementary Row and Column Operations on
a Matrix, Echelon and Reduced Echelon
20
Forms, System of Linear Equations,
Homogeneous Linear Equations, Non-
Homogeneous Linear Equations, Cramer’s
Rule, Sequences, Arithmetic Progression
(A.P), Arithmetic Mean (A.M), Series, Word
Problems on A.P, Geometric Progression
(G.P), Geometric Means, Sum of n Terms of
a Geometric Series, The Infinite Geometric
Series, Word Problems on G.P, Harmonic
Progression (H.P), Harmonic Mean,
Relations Between Arithmetic Geometric
and Harmonic Means, Sigma Nation, To
Find the Formula for the Sums, Permutation,
Permutation of Things not All Defferent,
Circular Permutation, Combinations,
Complementary Combination, Probability,
Probability that an Event does not Occur,
Estimating Probability, and Tally Marks,
Addition of Probabilities, Multiplication of
Probabilities, Principle of Mathematical
Induction, Principle of Extended
Mathematical Induction, Binomial Theorem,
The Middle Term in the Expansion of (a +
x)n, Some
Deductions from the Binomial Expansion of
(a + x)n, The Binomial Theorem when the
Index n is a negative Integer or a Fracion,
Application of the Binomial Theorem.
Recommended Book:
Lodhi, M.S., Ghauri, S.M., Bhatti, S. and
Saleem, K. 2014. Mathematics XI. Punjab
Text Book Board, Lahore.
21
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Mathematics-II
Math-102
4(4-0)
Mathematics-II
Math-102
4(4-0)
Theory Curve tracing: line, parabola, ellipse, circle,
Tangents and Normals, slope of a line, equation
of a line in different forms, distance between
two lines, intercepts of a curve, Scalars and
vectors: physical quantities, magnitude of a
vector, direction of a vector, unit vector,
position vector, dot product, cross product,
triple products, gradient of a scalar function,
divergence of a vector and curl of a vector,
Fundamentals of Trigonometry trigonometric
ratios, Pythagoras theorem, angle between two
rays, units of angle, Relation between the length
of an arc of a circle and the circular measure of
its central angle, General Angle (Coterminal
angles), trigonometric identities, Deductions
from Fundamental Law, Trigonometric Ratios
of allied Angles, Further Application of Basic
Identities, Double Angle Identities, Half Angle
Identities, Triple Angle Identities, Sum,
Difference and Product of Sines and Cosines,
Introduction, Period of Trigonometric
Functions, Values of Trigonometric Functions,
Graphs of Trigonometric Functions, Solution of
right triangle, angle of elevation and depression,
solution of oblique triangle, law of sines cosines
and tangents, area of triangle, circles connected
with triangles, Inverse trigonometric function,
Trigonometric equations, solution of general
trigonometric functions.
Recommended Book:
Lodhi, M.S., Ghauri, S.M., Bhatti, S. and
Saleem, K. 2009. Mathematics XI. Punjab Text
Book Board, Lahore.
Theory Quadratic Equations, Solution of Quadratic
Equations, Equations Reducible to the
Quadratic Equation, Three Cube Roots of
Unity, Properties of Cube Roots of Unity,
Four Fourth Roots of Unity, Properties of
Four Fourth Roots of Unity, Remainder
theorem, Synthetic Division, Relations
Between the Roots and the Coefficients of a
Quadratic Equations, Formation of an
Equation Whose Roots are Given, Nature of
the Roots of a Quadratic Equation, System of
Two Equations Involving Two Variable,
Problems on Quadratic Equations.
Rational Fraction, Proper Rational Fraction,
Improper Rational Fraction,
Resolution of a Rational Fraction 𝑃(𝑥)
𝑄(𝑥) into
Partial Fractions, Trigonometric Functions,
Fundamental Identities, Signs of the
Trignonometric functions, The Values of
Trigonomtric Functions of Acute Angles
30°, 45°and 60°, The values of the
Trigonometric Functions of angles 0, 90°,
180°,270°, 360°, Domains of Trigonometric
Functions and Fundamental Identities,
Fundamental Laws of Trigonometry,
Deductions from Fundamental Laws,
Trigonometric Ratios of Allied Angles,
Double Angle Identities, Half Angle
Identities, Triple Angle Identities, Sum,
Difference and Product of Sines and
Cosines, Domains and Ranges of Sine and
Cosine Fuctions, Domains and Ranges of
Tangent and Cotangent Functions, Domain
and Range of Secant Function, Domain and
Range of Cosecant Function, Period of
Trigonometric Functions, Values of
Trigonometric Functions, Graphs of
Trigonometric Functions,
Graph of y = sin x from -2𝜋 to 2𝜋
Graph of y = cos x from - 2𝜋 to 𝜋
Graph of y = tan x from -𝜋 to 𝜋
22
Graph of y = cot x from -2𝜋 to 𝜋
Graph of y = sec x from - 2𝜋 to 2𝜋
Graph of y = esc x from -2𝜋 to 2𝜋
Solution of Right Triangles
(a) Heights and Distances
(b) Angles of Elevation and Depression
Engineering and heights and Distances
Oblique Triangles, The Law of Cosine, Sines
and Tangents, Half Angle Formulas
Solutions of Oblique Triangles,
Case I: When measures of one side and two
angles are given, Case 2: When measures of
two sides and their included angles are
given, Cast 3: When measures of three sides
are given, Area of Triangle, Circles
Connected with Triangle, Circum - Circle,
In-Circle, Escribed Circles, Engineering and
Circles Connected with Triangles, The
Inverse Sine Function, The Inverse Cosine
Function, Inverse Tangent Function, Inverse
Cotangent, Secant and Cosecant Functions,
Domains and Ranges of Principal
Trigonometric Function and Inverse
Trigonometric Functions and Subtraction
Formulas, Solution of General Trigonometric
Equations.
Recommended Book:
Lodhi, M.S., Ghauri, S.M., Bhatti, S. and
Saleem, K. 2014. Mathematics XI. Punjab
Text Book Board, Lahore.
23
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
English-I
Eng-103
4(4-0)
English-I
Eng-103
4(4-0)
Theory All forms and patterns of tenses; present, past &
future; parts of speech.
Novel
Good Bye Mr. Chips
Recommended Books:
1. Cams, H. 2009. Good-Bye Mr. Chips. Oxford
University Press, Karachi, Pakistan
2. Hashemi, L. and R. Murphy. 2004. English
Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
3. Royal.B. 2011. The Little Gold Grammar
Book. Maven Publishing, Alberta, Canada.
4. Sandra, S. and J. Scarry .2007. Learning
Express editor 501 Reading Comprehension
Questions Skill builder with Practice, Learning
Express.L.L.C, New York, USA
5. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English Usage.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
6. Wren, P.C, and H. Martin, 2012. High School
English Grammar & Composition, Chand &
Company Ltd, New Dehli, India.
Theory Concept of time and aspect of tenses to
facilitate the accurate usage of tenses :
indefinite tense, continuous tense, perfect
tense and perfect continuous tense with
interactive English to English exercises;
Parts of Speech : identification and functions
of word classes: Noun: kinds of noun,
number, case; Verb: transitive verb,
intransitive verb; Adverb: kinds of adverb,
position of adverb; Adjective: kinds of
adjectives, degrees of comparison; pronouns,
kinds of pronoun; conjunction: kinds of
conjunction; interjection; preposition;
spelling rules, gap filled exercises of tricky
words; vocabulary building : pair of words;
Reading and comprehension skills
development: Novel Good-Bye Mr. Chips
with text based Short Answer Questions,
character analysis and synonyms with
MCQs.
Recommended Books:
1. Cams, H. 2009. Good-Bye Mr. Chips,
Oxford University Press, Karachi,
Pakistan
2. Hashemi, L. and R. Murphy. 2004.
English Grammar in Use Supplementary
Exercises, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK.
3. Royal.B. 2011. The Little Gold Grammar
Book. Maven Publishing, Alberta,
Canada.
4. Sandra, S. and J. Scarry. 2007. Learning
Express editor 501 Reading
comprehension Questions Skill builder
with Practice, Learning Express.L.L.C,
New York, USA
5. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English Usage.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
6. Wren, P.C, and H. Martin, 2012. High
School English Grammar &
Composition, New Dehli, India.
24
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
English-II
Eng-103
4(4-0)
English-II
Eng-103
4(4-0)
Theory Button, Button, Clearing in the Sky, Dark they
were, and Golden Eyed, Thank you, M’am, The
Piece of String, The Reward, The Use of Force,
The Gulistan of Sadi, The Foolish Quack, A
Mild Attack of Locusts, I Have a Dream,The
Gift of Magi,God be Praised, Overcoat, The
Angel and The Author and Others, Phrasal
verbs; Participles, Gerund, infinitive,
Active/Passive Voice, Using the words really,
certainly, definitely, so and such (in spoken
English) e.g. thank you so much for inviting us.
It was such a lovely party. I really enjoyed it,
Inversions, Sentences with ‘if’, After as: After
neither – nor, so: Under negative adverbial
expressions: hardly any money, with ‘only’, In
exclamations: After adverbial expressions of
place followed by intransitive verbs, Speech
with (here/there) indicating surprise: After only
and negative adverbial expressions at the
beginning of sentences, indicating comparisons
or negative sense.
Recommended Books:
1. Chaudhary, B. A. 2009. English Book-I,
publisher; Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore,
Pakistan.
2. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy.2004. English
Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
USA.
3. Swan, M.2010. Practical English Usage,
Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
4. Wren. P.C,& H. Martin. 2012. High School
English Grammar & Composition, Chand &
Company Ltd, New Dehli, India.
Theory Reading and comprehension skills development:
Book-I Short stories (15 stories:1.Button, Button
Clearing in the Sky, Dark they were, and Golden
Eyed, Thank you, M’am, The Piece of String, The
Reward, The Use of Force, The Gulistan of Sadi
The Foolish Quack 10.A Mild Attack of Locusts, I
Have a Dream 12.The Gift of Magi 13.God be
Praised, Overcoat, The Angel and The Author and
Others; Translation of any passage from Book-I,
text based Short Answer Question, comprehension
passage; Synonyms with MCQs; Retranslation: A
continuous Prose Passage from Book-I English
into Urdu OR English candidates whose medium
of examination is English will write an essay on
unseen topic ; Writing Skills: Letter Writing,
(Personal/ Official letters); Story writing: writing
of a story illustrating moral lesson; Vocabulary:
phrasal verb of current usage; Punctuation Skills:
At sentence level, continuous paragraph, revision
of Parts of speech, Translation skills: Urdu to
English translation at sentential level and at a
passage level with special focus on the usage of
auxiliary verbs, model verbs, causative verbs,
subjunctive mood of verb, Correlative
Conjunctions and conditional sentences: probable,
improbable and impossible conditions;
Active/Passive Voice; Participles, Gerund,
infinitive.
Recommended Books:
1. Chaudhary, B. A. 2009. English Book-I,
publisher; Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore,
Pakistan.
2. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy.2004. English
Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, USA.
3. Swan, M.2010. Practical English Usage,
Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
4. Wren. P.C,& H. Martin. 2012. High School
English Grammar & Composition, Chand &
Company Ltd, New Dehli, India.
25
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Pakistan Studies
SSH-104
3(3 - 0)
Pakistan Studies
SSH-104
3(3 - 0)
Theory Ideology of Pakistan, Quaid –i-Azam’s Role in
the Development of two Nation Theory
/Ideology of Pakistan, Allama Iqbal and Two
nation Theory, Principles of Ideology, Pakistan:
The result of Muslim’s Struggle,Ali Garh
Movement, Khilafat Movement, Establishment
of Muslim League, Factors for Demand of
Pakistan, Pakistan Resolution, Cripps Mission,
Simla Conference, Elections 1945-46, Cabinet
Mission Plan, 3rd June Plan, The Law of
Independence 1947, Early Problems, Pakistan;
An introduction, Location, Geostrategic
Position, Relief of Pakistan, Plains, Climate of
Pakistan, Effects of Climate on Human life,
Objectives of resolution 1949, Islamic
provisions in the constitutional documents:
1950, 1962, 1973, Difficulties in the way of
implementing Islamic provisions, Rights and
duties, Human rights, salient features, World
Human Rights Declaration-1948, Khutba
Hujjat-ul-Vida, the comprehensive charter of
Human Rights, Introduction, Federal
Government – Various Institutions and their
functions, Salient Features of Culture of
Pakistan, National integration and Cohesion:
meaning of national integration, problems in the
way to national integration in Pakistan,
Importance of Economic Planning, Agricultural
Development, Industrial Development,
Definition of foreign policy, Principles of the
foreign policy of Pakistan, objectives of the
foreign policy of Pakistan, Determinants of the
foreign policy of Pakistan, foreign policy of
Pakistan with China, India, Iran, USA,
Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, A glimpse of World
affairs and our foreign policy.
Recommended Books:
Malik F. M. 2009. Pakistan Studies (Urdu &
English Version), Punjab Text Book Board,
Lahore.
Theory Ideology of Pakistan, Concepts, components,
Islam, Democracy, Social Justice, Basic Human
rights, Pakistan: The result of Muslim’s Struggle,
Ali Garh Movement, Khilafat Movement,
Establishment of Muslim League, Pakistan
Resolution, Cripps Mission, Simla Conference,
Elections 1945-46, Cabinet Mission Plan, 3rd June
Plan, The Law of Independence 1947,
Emergence of Pakistan, Early Problems faced by
Pakistan, Introductory Remarks, Red cliff Award,
administrative Problems, Influx of Refugees,
Divisionn of assets, Division of armed forces,
Water Dispute, Princely states, National solidarity,
the vision of Quaid e azam, Ways and means to
resolve problems, Physiography of Pakistan,
Climatic zones of Pakistan, Economic growth and
regional Disparities, influence of climate on
human life, Pakistan; An introduction, Location,
Geostrategic Position, Relief of Pakistan,
attraction for tourists, Gateway to land locked
countries, Map reading, Objectives of Resolution
1949, Islamic provisions in the constitutional
documents: 1950, 1962, 1973, Steps towards
Islamization during zia Period, Difficulties in the
way of implementing Islamic provisions, Rights
and duties, Human rights, salient features, World
Human Rights Declaration-1948, Khutba Hujjat-
ul-Vida, the comprehensive charter of Human
Rights, Introduction, Federal Government –
Various Institutions and their functions, Supreme
Court, Provincial Governments and their
functions, Administration in the era of Hazrat
Umar (R,A), Devolution of Power, Islamic
perspective of good governance, Obstacles and
remedies in the way to good governance, Meaning
and Significance of Culture, Ancient Civilization
with reference to Pakistan, Salient Features of
Culture of Pakistan, The Cultural Heritage of
Pakistan, Gender Issues- Equality, Rights of
women in Islam. Policies for women participation
in sociopolitical affairs of Pakistan, Languages as
26
vhicle of cultural integration and human
relationship, Urdu – National Language: historical
development, Regional Languages in Pakistan:
Punjabi, Pushto, sindhi, Balochi, National
integration and Cohesion: meaning of national
integration, Significant in an Islamic democratic
State, problems in the way to national cohesion
and integration in Pakistan, Remedial measures.
My, your and our role, Economic Planning and
Development in Islamic Republic of Pakistan,
Meaning, Importance of Economic Planning,
Agricultural Development, Industrial
Development, Trade and commerce, Natural
rources Development and their conservation,
Education, Health, Economic Development of
Pakistan in the light of five years plans(1955-
1988), 1. Strategy 2. Targets 3. Achievments, An
overview of the plans as whole, Definition of
foreign policy, Principles of the foreign policy of
Pakistan, Objectives of the foreign policy of
Pakistan, Determinants of the Foreign Policy of
Pakistan, Foreign Policy of Pakistan with China,
India, Iran, USA, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, A
glimpse of World affairs and our foreign policy :
Success and failure
Recommended Books:
Malik F. M. 2009. Pakistan Studies (Urdu &
English Version), Punjab Text Book Board,
Lahore.
28
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Physics-III
PY-201
4(3-1)
Physics-III
PY-201
4(3-1)
Theory Coulomb’s Law, Fields of Force, Electric Field
Lines, Application of Electrostatics, Electric
Flux, Electric Flux Trough a Surface Enclosing
a Charge, Gauss’s Law, Application of Gauss’s
Law, Electric Potential, Electron volt,
Capacitor, Capacitance of Parallel Plate
Capacitor, Electric Polarization of Dielectrics,
Energy Stored in A capacitor, Charge and
Discharging a Capacitor, Electric Current,
Source of Current, Effect of Current, OHM’S
Law, Resistivity and its Dependence upon
Temperature, Resistance; Color code for
Carbon Resistances, Electric Power and Power
Dissipation in Resistors, Electromotive Force
(EMF) and Potential Difference, Kirchhoff’s
Rules, Wheatstone Bridge, Potentiometer,
Magnetic Field due to Current in a long Straight
Wire, Force on current carrying Conductor in a
Uniform Magnetic Field, Magnetic Flux and
Flux Density, Ampere’s Law Determination
Flux Density B, Force on a Moving Charge in a
Magnetic Field, Motion of Charged Particle in
an Electric and magnetic fields, e/m of an
Electron, Cathode ray Oscilloscope, Torque on
a Current Carrying coil, Galvanometer, AVO
Meter / Multimeter, Induced EMF and Induced
Current, Motional EMF, Faraday’s Law and
Induced EMF, Lenz’s Law and Direction of
Induced EMF, Mutual Induction, Self
Induction, Energy Stored in an Inductor,
Alternating current Generator, DC generator,
Back Motor Effect in Generators, D.C. Motor,
Back EMF in Motors, Transformer, A.C.
Circuits, A.C. Trough a Resistor, A.C. Trough a
Capacitor, A.C. Trough an Indicator,
Impendence, R-C and R-L Series Circuits,
Power in A. C circuits , Series resonant Circuit,
Parallel Resonance Circuit, Three Phase A.C
Supply, Electromagnetic waves, Principle of
Generation, Transmission and Reception of
Electromagnetic Wave, Modulation.
Theory Coulomb’s Law, Fields of Force, Electric
Field Lines, Applications of Electrostatics,
Electric Flux, Electric Flux Trough a Surface
Enclosing a Charge, Gauss’s Law,
Applications of Gauss’s Law, Electric
Potential, Electron volt, Electric and
Gravitational Force (a comparison), Charge
on an Electron by Millikan’s method,
Capacitor, Capacitance of a Parallel Plate
Capacitor, Electric Polarization of Dielectrics,
Energy Stored in A capacitor, Charging and
Discharging a Capacitor, Electric Current,
Source of Current, Effects of Current, Ohm’s
Law, Resistivity and its Dependence upon
Temperature, Color code for Carbon
Resistances, Electric Power and Power
Dissipation in Resistors, Electromotive Force
(EMF) and Potential Difference, Kirchhoff’s
Rules, Wheatstone Bridge, Potentiometer,
Magnetic Field due to Current in a long
Straight Wire, Force on current carrying
Conductor in a Uniform Magnetic Field,
Magnetic Flux and Flux Density, Ampere’s
Law and Determination Flux Density B,
Force on a Moving Charge in a Magnetic
Field, Motion of Charged Particle in an
Electric and magnetic fields, Determination of
e/m of an Electron, Cathode ray Oscilloscope,
Torque on a Current Carrying coil,
Galvanometer, AVO Meter- Multimeter,
Induced EMF and Induced Current, Motional
EMF, Faraday’s Law and Induced EMF,
Lenz’s Law and Direction of Induced EMF,
Mutual Induction, Self Induction, Energy
Stored in an Inductor, Alternating current
Generator, DC generator, Back Motor Effect
in Generators, D.C. Motor, Back EMF in
Motors, Transformer, Alternating Current,
A.C. Circuits, A.C. Trough a Resistor, A.C.
Trough a Capacitor, A.C. Trough an
Inductor, Impendence, R-C and R-L Series
29
Practicals:
1. To find the resistance of a wire by slide wire
bridge.
2. To find the resistance of a galvanometer by
half deflection method.
3. To find the resistance of a voltmeter by
drawing a graph between R and 1/V.
4. Conversion of Galvanometer into Ammeter.
5. Conversion of Galvanometer into
Voltmeter.
6. To find the internal resistance of a cell using
a potentiometer.
7. To determine the internal resistance of a cell
using a potentiometer.
8. Relation between current passing through a
tungsten filament lamp and the potential
applied across it.
9. Variation of magnetic field along the axis of
a circular coil.
10. Charging and discharging of a capacitor and
to measure its time constant.
11. Relation between current and capacitance
when different capacitors are used in AC
circuits.
Recommended Books: 1. Saleemi, F., Shahid, M.A., Butt, Z., Ahmad,
S.A., Qureshi, N.A., Akhtar, S.M., Nisar,
M., Ghauuri, I. M., Rafiq, M., Sahi, M.R.,
Khan, M.N. 2009. Physics XII, Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational publishers.
Circuits, Power in A.C circuits , Series
resonant Circuit, Parallel Resonance Circuit,
Three Phase A.C Supply, Principal of Metal
Detectors, Choke, Electromagnetic waves,
Principle of Generation, Transmission and
Reception of Electromagnetic Wave,
Modulation.
Practicals:
1. To find the resistance of a wire by slide
wire bridge.
2. To find the resistance of a galvanometer
by half deflection method.
3. To find the resistance of a voltmeter by
drawing a graph between R and 1/V.
4. Variation of resistance of thermister with
temperature
5. Conversion of Galvanometer into
Ammeter.
6. Conversion of Galvanometer into
Voltmeter.
7. To find the internal resistance of a cell
using a potentiometer.
8. To determine the emf of a cell using a
potentiometer.
9. Relation between current passing through
a tungsten filament lamp and the potential
applied across it.
10. Variation of magnetic field along the axis
of a circular coil.
11. Charging and discharging of a capacitor
and to measure its time constant.
12. Relation between current and capacitance
when different capacitors are used in AC
circuits.
Recommended Books: 1. Saleemi, F., Shahid, M.A., Butt, Z.,
Ahmad, S.A., Qureshi, N.A., Akhtar,
S.M., Nisar, M., Ghauuri, I. M., Rafiq, M.,
Sahi, M.R., Khan, M.N. 2014. Physics
XII, Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
30
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Physics-IV
PY-202
4(3-1)
Physics-IV
PY-202
4(3-1)
Theory Classification of Solids, Mechanical Properties
of Solids, Electrical Properties of Solids,
Magnetic Properties of Solids, Superconductors,
Brief review of p-n Junction and its
Characteristics, Rectification, Specially
Designed P-N Junction, Transistors, Transistor
as an Amplifier, Transistor as a Switch,
Operational Amplifier, Op-AMP as Inverting
Amplifier, Op-AMP as non Inverting Amplifier,
Digital System, Fundamental Logic Gate, Other
Logic Gates, Relative Motion, Frame of
Reference, Special Theory of Relativity, Black
Body Radiation, Interaction of Electromagnetic
Radiation with Matter, Annihilation of Matter,
Wave Nature of Particles, Uncertainty Principle,
Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom, Inner
shell Transitions and Characteristic X-Rays,
Uncertainty Within The Atom, LASER, Atomic
Nucleus, Mass Defect And Binding Energy,
Radioactivity, Half Life, Interaction Of
Radiation With Matter, Radiation Detectors,
Nuclear Reactions, Nuclear Fission, Fusion
Reaction, Radiation Exposure, Biological Effects
Of Radiations, Biological And Medical Uses Of
Radiation, Basic Forces Of Nature, Modern view
of building Blocks Of Matter.
Practicals:
1. Characterization of a semiconductor diode
and calculation of forward and reverse
current resistance.
2. Characteristics of a PNP/NPN transistor.
3. Study of variation of electric current with
intensity of light using a photocell.
4. To estimate the value of Plank’s constant by
using photocell tube and coloured light
filters.
5. Measurement of DC and AC voltage by
cathode ray oscilloscope.
6. To verify truth table for various logic gates.
7. To make Burglar Alarm using NAND gate.
Theory Classification of Solids, Mechanical
Properties of Solids, Electrical Properties of
Solids, Superconductors, Magnetic
Properties of Solids, Brief review of p-n
Junction and its Characteristics,
Rectification, Specially Designed p-n
Junctions, Transistors, Transistor as an
Amplifier, Transistor as a Switch,
Operational Amplifier, Op-AMP as
Inverting Amplifier, Op-AMP as non
Inverting Amplifier, Op-AMP as a
Comparator, Comparator as a Night Switch,
Digital Systems, Fundamental Logic Gates,
Other Logic Gates, Application of gates in
controlled systems, Relative Motion,
Frames of Reference, Special Theory of
Relativity, Black Body Radiation,
Interaction of Electromagnetic Radiation
with Matter, Annihilation of Matter, Wave
Nature of Particles, Uncertainty Principle,
Atomic Spectra, Bohr’s Model of The
Hydrogen Atom, Inner shell Transitions and
Characteristic X-Rays, Uncertainty Within
The Atom, LASER, Atomic Nucleus,
Isotopes, Mass Defect And Binding Energy,
Radioactivity, Half Life, Interaction of
Radiation With Matter, Radiation Detectors,
Nuclear Reactions, Nuclear Fission, Fusion
Reaction, Radiation Exposure, Biological
Effects of Radiations, Biological and
Medical Uses of Radiation, Basic Forces of
Nature, Building Blocks of Matter.
Practicals:
1. Characterization of a semiconductor
diode and calculation of forward and
reverse current resistance.
2. Characteristics of a NPN transistor.
3. Study of variation of electric current
with intensity of light using a photocell.
4. To estimate the value of Plank’s
31
8. To make a Fire Alarm using a NOT gate.
9. Determination of a high resistance by Neon
Flash Lamp.
10. To determine e/m of electrons by Deflection
Method.
Recommended Books: 1. Saleemi, F., Shahid, M.A., Butt, Z., Ahmad,
S.A., Qureshi, N.A., Akhtar, S.M., Nisar, M.,
Ghauuri, I. M., Rafiq, M., Sahi, M.R., Khan,
M.N. 2009. Physics XII, Punjab Textbook
Board, Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational publishers.
constant by using photocell tube and
coloured light filters.
5. Measurement of DC and AC voltage by
cathode ray oscilloscope.
6. To verify truth table for logic gates.
7. To make Burglar Alarm using NAND
gate.
8. To make a Fire Alarm using a NOT
gate.
9. Characteristics of a G.M tube
10. Determination of a high resistance by
Neon Flash Lamp.
11. To determine e/m of electrons by
Deflection Method (teltron tube)
Recommended Books: 1. Saleemi, F., Shahid, M.A., Butt, Z.,
Ahmad, S.A., Qureshi, N.A., Akhtar,
S.M., Nisar, M., Ghauuri, I. M., Rafiq,
M., Sahi, M.R., Khan, M.N. 2014.
Physics XII, Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
2. Nelkon, M. and Oqborn, J. M. 2009.
Advanced Level Practical Physics (4th
Edition) Heinemann educational
publishers.
32
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Chemistry-III
Chem-201
4(3-1)
Chemistry-III
Chem-201
4(3-1)
Theory Introduction, historical background of Periodic
table, improvements in Mendeleev’s periodic
table,periodic table, Periodic trends in physical
properties, Periodic relationship in compounds,
Position of Hydrogen, Introduction s-block
elements, Commercial preparation of sodium and
sodium hydroxide, Role of gypsum and lime in
agriculture and industry, Introduction of group
IIIA elements, Compounds of boron, Reactions
of Aluminum, occurrence, compounds of carbon
and silicon, Group VA and Group V1A
Elements: introduction of Group VA elements,
General characteristics, nitrogen and its
compounds, phosphorous and its compounds,
Group V1A Elements: introduction of Group VA
elements: General characteristics, occurrence,
comparison of oxygen and sulphur, uses,
oxidizing properties, compounds of halogens,
commercial uses of halogens and their
compounds, Noble gases: introduction,
compounds of xenon, fluorides of xenon, xenon
oxyfluorides, oxides of xenon, application of
noble gases Introduction, properties of transition
elements, commercial forms of iron, manufacture
of iron and steel. Corrosion, prevention of
corrosion, chromates and dichromate’s,
potassium permanganate.
Practicals:
1. Quantitative analysis of simple acid and
basic radicals except insoluble and
interfering radicals
2. Estimation of Barium ions as Barium
carbonate
Recommended Book:
Anwar, J., Ali, S., Kashmiri, M.A., Qaiser, N.B.,
N.A. Chughtai., Giani, N.A. and Ahmad, I. 2009.
Chemistry XII. Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
Theory Introduction, historical background of
Periodic table, improvements in
Mendeleev’s periodic table, Modern
periodic table, Groups and periods, Some
more families in the periodic table, Blocks
in the periodic table, Metals, Non-metals,
metalloids. Atomic size, Ionization energy,
Electron affinity, metallic and non-metallic
character, Melting and boiling points,
Oxidation states, conductance, hydration
energy. Periodic relationship in compounds,
Position of Hydrogen. Introduction,
Electronic configuration of S-block
elements, Occurrence of alkali and alkaline
earth metals, peculiar behavior of lithium
and beryllium, Trend in chemical properties
of alkali and alkaline earth metals, general
behavior of alkali metals and alkaline earth
metals, Commercial preparation of sodium
and sodium hydroxide, Role of gypsum and
lime in agriculture and industry,
Introduction of group IIIA elements,
occurrence, peculiar behavior of boron,
Compounds of boron, Borax, Boric acids.
Reactions of Aluminum, Group IVA
elements, occurrence, Peculiar behavior of
carbon, compounds of carbon and silicon,
Silicones, semiconductors, uses of lead
compounds in paints, Introduction of Group
VA elements, General characteristics,
nitrogen and its compounds, phosphorous
and its compounds, Introduction of Group
VA elements: General characteristics,
occurrence, comparison of oxygen and
sulphur, sulphuric acid, uses, Introduction,
occurrence, peculiar behavior of fluorine,
oxidizing properties, compounds of
halogens, commercial uses of halogens and
their compounds, Noble gases: introduction,
compounds of xenon, fluorides of xenon,
xenon oxyfluorides, oxides of xenon,
33
application of noble gases, Introduction,
properties of transition elements, complex
compounds, components of complex
compounds, nomenclature, geometry of
complexes, iron, commercial forms of iron:
commercial forms of iron, manufacture of
iron and steel. Corrosion, prevention of
corrosion, chromates and dichromate’s,
potassium permanganate.
Practicals:
1. Quantitative analysis of simple acid
and basic radicals except insoluble
and interfering radicals
2. Estimation of Barium ions as
Barium carbonate
Recommended Book:
Anwar, J., Ali, S., Kashmiri, M.A., Qaiser,
N.B., N.A. Chughtai., Giani, N.A. and
Ahmad, I. 2014. Chemistry XII. Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
34
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Chemistry-IV
Chem-202
4(3-1)
Chemistry-IV
Chem-202
4(3-1)
Theory Introduction, Some Features of Organic
compounds, Importance of organic Chemistry,
Sources of organic compounds, Cracking of
petroleum, Reforming, Classifications of
organic compounds, Functional Group,
Hybridization of orbitals and the shapes of
molecules, Isomerism, Introduction,
Nomenclature, Alkanes or paraffins, Alkenes,
Alkynes, Nomenclature, Benzene, Preparation
of Benzene, Reactions of Benzene, Reactivity of
Alkyl Halides, Reactions of Alkyl Halides,
Grignard Reagent, Nomenclature of alcohol,
Difference between primary, secondary and
tertiary alcohols. Industrial preparation of
methanol and ethanol, reactivity of O-H group,
Physical properties of alcohols and their uses,
reactions of alcohols, preparation of alcohol,
Acidic behavior, Reactions, ethers and their
nomenclature, Preparation, Physical and
chemical properties, Introduction, Nomenclature,
Preparation of Aldehydes and ketones,
Reactivity of Carbonyl Group, Reactions of
Carbonyl Compounds, and Identification of
Carbonyl compounds, Uses, Physical
Characteristics, Reactivity of Carboxyl Groups (-
C-OH) Reactions of Carboxylic Acids, Acetic
Acid, Amino Acids, Structure of Polymers,
Types of Polymers, Polymerization Process,
Brief description of synthetic polymers,
Biopolymers, Fertilizers, Elements essential for
plant growth, Classification of Fertilizers,
Cement, Paper Industry, Types of Pollution,
Factors Affecting the quality of water, Solid
Waste Management.
Practicals:
1. Detection of elements
2. Analysis of organic functional groups
3. Preparation of Aspirin
4. Preparation of Iodoform
5. Preparation of glucosazone
Theory Introduction, Some Features of Organic
compounds, Importance of organic
Chemistry, Sources of organic compounds,
Cracking of petroleum, Reforming,
Classifications of organic compounds,
Functional Group, Hybridization of orbitals
and the shapes of molecules, Isomerism,
Nomenclature, General methods of
preparation, Physical properties and
reactivity of alkanes, Uses of methane.
General methods of preparation, physical
properties, reactivity of pi bond and
reactions of alkenes. Uses od ethane.
General method of preparation, physical
properties, reactivity of alkynes, uses of
ethyne. Comparison of reactivity of alkanes,
alkenes and alkynes, Nomenclature,
structure, kekule structure, X-ray studies of
benzene structure, modern concepts about
structure of benzene, atomic orbital
treatment of benzene, stability of benzene,
resonance method. of benzene, straight
chain structures ruled out:, Preparation of
Benzene, Reactions of Benzene, general
patteren of reactivity of benzene towards
electrophiles, electrophilic substitution
reactions, reaction in which benzene ring is
involved, orientation in electrophilic
substitution reactions, Introduction,
Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides Common
Names, Methods of Preparation of Alky
Halides, Reactivity of Alkyl Halides,
nucleophilic substitution reactions,
mechanism of nucleophilic substitution
reaction, elimination reactions. Grignard
Reagent, Nomenclature of alcohol,
Difference between primary, secondary and
tertiary alcohols. Industrial preparation of
methanol and ethanol, reactions involving
C-O bond cleavage, reactivity of O-H
group, Physical properties of alcohols and
35
6. Preparation of copper amine complex
Recommended Book:
Anwar, J., Ali, S., Kashmiri, M.A., Qaiser, N.B.,
N.A. Chughtai., Giani, N.A. and Ahmad, I. 2009.
Chemistry XII. Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
their uses, reactions of alcohols, preparation
of phenol, Acidic behavior, Reactions of
phenol due to OH group, reactions of
phenol due to benzene ring, ethers and their
nomenclature, preparation, Physical and
chemical properties, Nomenclature,
Preparation of Aldehydes and ketones,
Reactivity of Carbonyl Group, Reactions of
Carbonyl Compounds, nucleophilic addition
reactions, reduction reactions, oxidation
reactions and Identification of Carbonyl
compounds, Uses, Nomenclature of
Carboxylic Acids, General Methods of
Preparation, Physical Characteristics,
Reactivity of Carboxyl Groups (-COOH)
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids, method of
preparation, physical properties, chemical
reactions and uses of Acetic Acid, Amino
Acids, Structure of Polymers, Types of
Polymers , Polymerization Process, Brief
description of synthetic polymers,
Biopolymers, carbohydrates and protein
classification, denaturation of proteins,
importance of proteins, Lipids, source of
lipids, fats, oil. Structure and composition
of fats and oils, saponification number,
rancidity of fats , oil, iodine number, acid
number, steroids, importance of lipids,
enzymes, classification of enzymes,
properties of enzymes, factor affecting
enzyme activity, importance of enzymes,
nucleic acids, components of nucleic acid,
Fertilizers, micronutrients, macronutrients,
requirement of fertilizer, essential qualities
of a good fertilizer, Classification of
Fertilizers, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphetic
fertilizer, potassium fertilizers, fertilizer
industry in Pakistan, Cement, raw materials,
manufacturing process of cement, wet
process, setting of cement, cement industry
in Pakistan, Paper Industry, brief
description of the process, pulping process,
neutral sulphite semi chemical process,
Types of Pollution, Factors Affecting the
quality of water, purification of water,
Solid Waste Management, effect of
36
dumping waste in sea and rivers, landfill,
incineration of the municipal waste,
treatment of industrial waste, incineration
of industrial and hazardous waste, recycling
of waste.
Practicals:
1. Detection of elements
2. Analysis of organic functional groups
3. Preparation of Aspirin
4. Preparation of Iodoform
5. Preparation of glucosazone
6. Preparation of copper amine complex
Recommended Book:
Anwar, J., Ali, S., Kashmiri, M.A., Qaiser,
N.B., N.A. Chughtai., Giani, N.A. and
Ahmad, I. 2014. Chemistry XII. Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
37
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Zoology -I
Zool-102
4(3-1)
Zoology -I
Zool-102
4(3-1)
Theory Biological molecules; importance of carbon,
importance of water, carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, structure of proteins, nucleic acids,
conjugated molecules, Variety of life,
Nomenclature, two kingdom classification
system to five kingdom classification system,
viruses, life cycle of bacteriophages,
classification, of prokaryotes, viral diseases,
retroviruses,, AIDs, Hepatitis, Archaea and
Bacteria, Discovery of bacteria, Occurance of
bacteria, Structure of bacteria, Respiration in
bacteria, Growth and reproduction. Importance
of bacteria, use and misuse of antibiotics,
Protista, historical prospective, diversity among
protista, major groups of protista, animal like
protists, development of complexity in animals,
grade radiate, grade bilateria, diploblastic and
triploblastic organization, acelomates,
Pseudocoelomates and coelomates. Parazoa,
Characteristics and classification of various
phyla as porifera, Cnidaria, platyhelminthes,
Nematoda, Annelida, arthropoda, Molusca,
Echinodermata and phylum chordata, Sub-
phylum Vertebrata, super classes as pices and
Tetrapoda; classes as Amphibia, reptilia, Aves
and Mammalia, Digestion and absorption,
Digestion in amoeba, Digestion in hydra,
Digestion in planaria, Digestion in cockroach,
Digestion in man, Absorption of food, Some
Common Diseases Related To Nutrition,
Dyspepsia, Food Poisoning, Obesity, Anorexia
Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Piles, Ulcer,
respiratory organs in representative aquatic and
terrestrial animals, respiration in hydra,
respiration in earthworm, respiration in fish,
respiration in frog, respiration in birds,
respiration in man, mechanics of voluntary and
involuntary regulation of breathing in man,
transport of gases, respiratory disorders, role of
respiratory pigments, lung capacities, Transport,
need for transport of materials, transport in
Theory Introduction to biochemistry, Importance of
Carbon, Importance of Water, solvent
properties, heat capacity, heat of
vaporization, ionization of water protection,
Carbohydrates, Classification of
carbohydrates, Lipids, Classification of
protein Acylglycerols, waxes,
phospholipids, terponoids, Structure of
Proteins , Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA),
RNA (Ribonucleic acid), Types of RNA
Variety of life, Nomenclature, concept of
species two kingdom classification system
to five kingdom classification system,
viruses, Characteristics, structure, life cycle
of bacteriophages, classification of
prokaryotes, viral diseases, retroviruses,
AIDs, Hepatitis, Archaea and Bacteria,
Discovery of bacteria, Occurrence of
bacteria, Structure of bacteria, Size, shape
of bacteria, bacterial cell structure, Pili and
their functions, the cell envelop: the outer
wrapping of bacteria, cell membrane,
cytoplasmic matrix, nucleoid, Plasmids,
Ribosomes, Mesosomes, Granules and
Storage Bodies, Spores, Cysts, Nutrition of
Bacteria Respiration in bacteria, Growth
and reproduction. Importance of bacteria,
use and misuse of antibiotics, Protista,
historical prospective, diversity among
protista, major groups of protista, animal
like protists, development of complexity in
animals, grade radiate, grade bilateria,
diploblastic and triploblastic organization,
acelomates, Pseudocoelomates and
coelomates. Parazoa, Characteristics and
classification of various phyla as porifera,
Cnidaria, platyhelminthes, Nematoda,
Annelida, arthropoda, Molusca,
Echinodermata and phylum chordata, Sub-
phylum Vertebrata, super classes as pices
and Tetrapoda; classes as Amphibia,
38
animals ( hydra andplanaria), without special
circulatory system, characteristics of circulatory
system, open and closed circulatory system,
single & double circuit circulation, circulatory
system of man; blood composition & function;
human circulatory system, heart, blood vessels,
Circulatory system disorders. Lymphatic
system;Lymph vessels, lymph and lymph nodes,
function of lymphatic system. Immune system;
Immunity and its types. Vaccination.
Homeostasis; Osmoregulation, Excretion and
Thermoregulation.
Practicals:
1. Study of effect of temperature, pH and
enzyme substrate concentration on the
activity of enzyme pepsin.
2. Identification of Paramecuim, amoeba and
Euglena from fresh water material or
prepared slides.
3. General survey of major animal phyla:
Invertebrates up to phylum and
vertebrates up to class level.
4. Study of animal cells by staining with
safranine, acid fuchin, methylene blue,
eosin
5. Study of T.S of liver, stomach, small
intestine and large intestine of man
(prepared slides)
6. Exposure of digestive system of frog and
cockroach
7. Exposure of respiratory system of frog
8. Measurement of blood pressure during
rest and after exercise with B.P.
apparatus
9. Study of structure of artery, vein, and
capillary T.S (prepared slides )
10. Exposure of blood circulatory system of
frog.
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
reptilia, Aves and Mammalia, Digestion and
absorption, Digestion in amoeba, Digestion
in hydra, Digestion in planaria, Digestion in
cockroach, Digestion in man, Absorption of
food, Some Common Diseases Related To
Nutrition Dyspepsia, Food Poisoning,
Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia
Nervosa, Piles, Ulcer, Respiratory organs in
representative aquatic and terrestrial
animals, respiration in hydra, respiration in
earthworm, respiration in fish, respiration in
frog, respiration in birds, respiration in man,
mechanics of voluntary and involuntary
regulation of breathing in man, transport of
gases, respiratory disorders, role of
respiratory pigments.(lung capacities),
Transport, need for transport of materials,
transport in animals ( hydra and planaria),
without special circulatory system,
characteristics of circulatory system, open
and closed circulatory system, single &
double circuit circulation, circulatory
system of man; blood composition &
function; human circulatory system, heart,
blood vessels. Lymphatic system; Lymph
vessels, lymph and lymph nodes, function
of lymphatic system. Immune system;
Immunity and its types.
Practicals:
1. Study of effect of temperature, pH
and enzyme substrate concentration
on the activity of enzyme pepsin.
2. Identification of Paramecuim,
amoeba and Euglena from fresh water
material or prepared slides.
3. General survey of major animal
phyla: Invertebrates up to phylum
and vertebrates up to class level.
4. Study of animal cells by staining
with safranine, acid fuchin,
methylene blue, eosin
5. Study of T.S of liver, stomach, small
intestine and large intestine of man
39
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J., Cheema,
S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed, A.R. and Sabri,
A. 2009. Biology XI. Punjab Text Book
Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H. Saeed,
R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R. Saeed, J. I.
Qazi, J.A.Wahla, Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed.
2009. Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
(prepared slides)
6. Exposure of digestive system of frog
and cockroach
7. Exposure of respiratory system of
frog
8. Measurement of blood pressure
during rest and after exercise with
B.P. apparatus
9. Study of structure of artery, vein,
and capillary T.S (prepared slides )
10. Exposure of blood circulatory
system of frog.
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J.,
Cheema, S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed,
A.R. and Sabri, A. 2013. Biology XI.
Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H.
Saeed, R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R.
Saeed, J. I. Qazi, J.A.Wahla,
Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed. 2013.
Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
40
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
ZOOLOGY-II
Zool-201
4(3-1)
ZOOLOGY-II
Zool-201
4(3-1)
Theory Concept of homeostasis, osmoregulation in
animals, Excretion, excretion in animals,
Thermoregulation, Thermoregulation in animals,
support and movement in animals, types of
skeleton, Human skeleton ,Skeleton deformities,
muscles and thei types, Mechanism of muscle
movements ,locomotion in invetebrates,
locomotion in vertebrates, evolutionary changes
in the arrangement of bones, Coordination in
animals, nervous coordination, nerve impulse,
evolution of Nervous system ,Human nervous
system, Nervous disoders, Chemical coordinatin
,Pituatary and all other glands, Behaviour,
Reproduction in animals, types of asexual
reproduction in animals ,Human reproduction,
male and female reproductive systems ,Birth,
sexually transmitted diseases, Growth and
development in animals, development of chick,
Mechanism of development, embryonic
induction, aging, Regeneration and abnormal
development, Dominance relationships, Multiple
allels, MN blood group system, ABO blood
group system, Epistasis, Pleiotropy, continous
varying traits, Gene linkage, Crossing over, Sex
determination in plants, Sex determination in
animals,Sex linkage in Drosophila,Sex linkage in
humans.,Sex limited and sex influenced
traits,Diabetes mellitus and its genetic causes,
Evolution, Concept of evolution vs special
creation, evolution from prokaryotes to
eukaryotes, Inheritance of acquired
characteristics, Charles Darwin, Evidences of
evolution, Natural and artificial selection,
population, gene pool, allele and genotypic
frequeny, Hardy Weinberg theorem, Renewable
and non renewable resources, Degradation and
depletion of resources, modification of
environment, man’s impact on environment,
Importance of forests, pollution and its types,
Greenhouse effect, Acid rain. Eutrophication and
algal blooms, health diseases.
Theory Osmoregulation: Water relations of cell,
Balance of water and solutes in the body,
Osmo regultion in animals, Osmo regulation
in different environments, Excretion in
animals, Relation of excretory products in
relation to habitats. Excretion in
representative animals: Excretion in Hydra,
Excretion in Planaria, Excretion in
Earthworm, Excretion in Cockroach,
Excretion in Vertebrates: Excretion in
human ,Excretory organs, Urinary system,
Concentration of excretory products,
Kidney as osmoregulatory organ ,Kidney
problems and cures, Mechanisms in
Animals: Body heat, Heat gain and loss,
Temperature, Classification of animals on
the basis of thermoregulation, Regulation of
heat exchange between animals and
environment, Thermoregulation in
Mammals: Regulatory Stategies,
Thermostat Function and feedback controls
in human, Temperature in fever (Pyrexia),
Support and movement in Animals,
Hydrostatic skeleton, Exoskeleton,
Endoskeleton, Human Skeleton, Axial
skeleton, Appendicular Skeleton, Joints,
Deformities of Skeleton, Genetic Causes,
Hormonal Causes, Nutritional Causes,
Repair of broken Bones, Muscles, Smooth
Muscles, Cardiac Muscles, Skeletal
muscles, Sliding filament model,
Controlling the Actin-Myosin Interaction by
Ca++ ions, Energy for muscle contraction,
Muscle Fatigue, Tetany, Cramp,
Arrangement of Skeletal muscls for
movement of Skeleton, Movement of bones,
Locomotion of Protoctista and
Invertebrates, Locomtion in Euglena,
Locomotion in in Paramecium, Locomotion
in Amoeba, Locomotion in Jellyfish,
Locomotion in earthworm, Locomotion in
41
Practicals: 1) Exposure of urino-genital system of frog
2) Study of simple muscle twitch using frog’s
muscle
3) Study from prepared slides of skeletal
smooth and cardiac muscles and preparation
of slides of striated muscles of cockroach.
4) Study of skeleton of frog.
5) Study of structure of hen’s egg.
6) Study of development of chik embryo 48/72
hours after incubation
7) Study of continuous variations in the height
in man and discontinuous variation in tongue
rolling in man and recording the results as
histograms.
8) Investigation of food chain and food web of a
pond ecosystem
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J., Cheema,
S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed, A.R. and Sabri,
A. 2009. Biology XI. Punjab Text Book
Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H. Saeed,
R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R. Saeed, J. I.
Qazi, J.A.Wahla, Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed.
2009. Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
jellyfish, Locomotion in Snail, Locomotion
in Starfish, Locomotion and Skeleton in
Vertebrates, Swimming in Fishes,
Locomotion in Amphibians, Locomotion in
Reptiles, Locomotion in Air, Locomotion in
Mammals, Evolutionary changes in
arrangement of bones and related mode of
locomotion in major groups of vertebrates,
Coordination in Animals, Nervous
Coordination, Receptors, Working of
sensory receptors with referance to to skin,
Neurons, Effectors, Reflex Arc, Nerve
Impulse, Synapse, Evolution of Nervous
system, Human Nervous system, Central
Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous
System, Autonomic Nervous System,
Nervous Disorders, Effects of Drugs on
Coordination, Chemical coordination,
Hormones, Endocrine Glands of Mammals
Hypothalamus, The Pitutary gland, Thyroid
Gland, Parathyroids, Islets of Langerhans,
Adrenals,Gut, Gonads, Feedback
Mechanism, Comparison of Nervous
Coordination and Chemical, Coordination,
Behaviour, Innate behaviour, Instincts and
learning, Learning behaviour( Modification
through experience), Reproduction in
animals, A sexual reproduction, Tissue
culturing and cloning, Identical twins,
Sexual reproduction, Reproduction in man,
Male reproductive system, female
reproductive system, Test tube babies
Sexually transmitted diseases (STD),
Gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, AIDS,
Growth and development in animals,
Development of check, mechanisms of
development, role of Cytoplasm in
development, role of nucleus in
development, concept of differentiation,
embryonic induction, Aging, Regeneration
Abnormal development, Dominance
relations, Complete dominance, incomplete
dominance, codominance, MN blood type
or blood group system, over dominance,
Multiple alleles, ABO-the first discovered
multiple allelic blood type or blood group
42
system in man, Rh blood Group system,
Epistasis, Bombay phenotype, Pleitropy,
Continuously varying traits, Gene linkage,
Crossing over, Cross over or recombination
frequency, Sex determination, Sex
chromosomes, patterns of sex
determination, comparison of chromosome
determination of sex between drosophila
and humans, sex linkage, Sex linkage in
drosophila, sex-linkage in humans, sex
limited trait, sex influenced trait, Diabetes
mellitus and its genetic basis, Concept of
evolution vs special creation, Evolution
from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, Inheritance
of acquired characteristics, Charies Darwin,
neo-darwinism- the modern evolutionary
synthesis, evidence of evolution, Natural
selection and artificial selection, Population,
gene pool, allele and genotype frequencies,
Hardy-weingberg theorme, factors
affecting gene frequency, Renewable and
non- renewable resources,
Renewable resources, Degradation and
depletion of resources, Modification of
environment, Man’s impact on
environment, Population, food and need of
population control, importance of forests,
forests and climate, forests and biodiversity,
Pollution, Types of pollution, air or
atmospheric pollution, greenhouse effect,
acid rain, water pollution, eutrophication or
algal bloom, industrial effluents,
insecticides & herbicides and fertilizers,
Health and diseases, Classification and
causes of diseases.
Practicals: 1) Exposure of urino-genital system of
frog
2) Study of simple muscle twitch using
frog’s muscle.
3) Study from prepared slides of skeletal
smooth and cardiac muscles and
preparation of slides of striated
muscles of cockroach.
4) Study of skeleton of frog.
43
5) Exposure of nervous system of
cockroach.
6) Study of structure of hen’s egg.
7) Study of development of chik embryo
48/72 hours after incubation.
8) Study of continuous variations in the
height in man and discontinuous
variation in tongue rolling in man and
recording the results as histograms.
9) Investigation of food chain and food
web of a pond ecosystem.
Recommended Books
1. Shakoori, A.R., Iqbal, J., Azizullah,
Hussnain, S., Saeed, H., Zia-ul-Islam,
Masood, K.R., Tariq, A., Iqbal, J.,
Cheema, S.N., Mughal, J.U.I., Saeed,
A.R. and Sabri, A. 2009. Biology XI.
Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
2. Shakoori, A.R., A. M. Cheema, H.
Saeed, R. M. Khan, N. Usmani, A. R.
Saeed, J. I. Qazi, J.A.Wahla,
Farkhanda, S. S. Hameed. 2009.
Biology XII. Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
44
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Mathematics-III
Math-201
3(3-0)
Mathematics-III
Math-201
3(3-0)
Theory Introduction, Types of Function, Composition of
Functions and Inverse of A function, Limit of a
Function and Theorems on limits, Limits of
Important Function, Continuous and
Discontinuous Functions, Differentiation: basic
definitions, differentiation by definition,
formulae of differentiation, differentiation using
formulae,Chain Rule, Derivatives of Inverse
Functions, Derivative of A function given in the
form of Parametric Equations, Differentiation of
Implicit Relations, Derivatives of Trigonometric
Functions, Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric
Function, Derivative of Exponential Functions,
Derivative of the Logarithmic Function,
Logarithmic Differentiation, Derivative of
Hyperbolic Functions, Derivatives of the inverse
Hyperbolic Functions, , Differentiation (Series
Expansions of Functions, Tailor Series
Expansion of Functions, Geometrical
Interpretation of a Derivative, higher order
differentiation, extreme points, 2nd derivative
test, function of several variables, differentials
with applications, Partial Fractions, Introduction,
Rational Fraction, Resolution of a rational
Fraction 𝑃(𝑥)
𝑄(𝑥) into Partial Fraction, Linear
Inequalities, Region Bounded by 2 or 3
simultaneous inequalities, Problem Constraints,
Feasible Solution set, Linear Programming,
Linear Programming Problems.
Recommended Book:
Chaurdhary, M.A., Ghauri, S.M., Saleem, M.K.
and Hayat, M. 2009. Mathematics XII. Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
Theory Introduction, Concepts of Function,
Definition (Function-Domain-Range);
Notation and Value of a Function, Graphs
of Algebraic Functions, Graph of Functions
Defined Piece-wise,Types of Function
Algebraic Function, Trigonometric
Function, Inverse Trigonometric function,
Exponential Function, Logarithmic
Function, Hyperbolic Functions Inverse
Hyperbolic Functions, Explicit Function,
Implicit Function, Even Function, Odd
Function, Composition of functions and
Inverse of A function, Composition of
Function, Inverse of a Function, Algebraic
method to find the Inverse Function
Limit of a Function and Theorems on limits,
Meaning of the Phrase “x” approaches
zero’’, Meaning of the Phrase “x”
approaches infinity’’, Meaning of the
Phrase “x” approaches a’’, concept of the
Limit of the Function, Limit of the function,
Theorems on Limit of Function
Limits of Important Function, lim𝑥→𝑎
𝑥𝑛−𝑎𝑛
𝑥−𝑎=
𝑛𝑎𝑛−1,where n is an integer and a>0,
lim𝑥→0
√𝑥+𝑎−√𝑎
𝑥=
1
2√2 , Limit at infinity,
Method for Evaluation the Limits at
infinity, lim𝑛→∞
(1 +1
𝑛)𝑛
= 𝑒 , lim𝑥→0
𝑎𝑥−1
𝑥=
log𝑒 𝑎 , The sandwich Theorem, If 𝜃 is
measured in radian, thenlim𝜃→0
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝜃=1,
Continuous and Discontinuous Functions,
One-sided Limits, Criterion for Existence of
Limit of a Function, Continuity of a
function at a number, Graphs, Graph of the
Exponential Function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥, Graph of
Exponential function𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒𝑥, Graph of
common Logarithmic function f(x)=lgx,
Graph of Natural Logarithmic function
f(x)=lnx,
45
Graph of Implicit Functions, Graph of
Parametric Equations, Graph of
Discontinuous Functions, Graphical
Solution of the Equations, Average Rate of
Change, Derivative of a Function, Finding
ƒ’ (x) From Definition of Derivative,
Derivative of “x” where nϵZ, Differentiation
of Expressions of the Types, Theorems on
Differentiation, The Chain Rule,
Derivatives of Inverse Functions,
Derivative of A function given in the form
of Parametric Equations, Differentiation of
Implicit Relations, Derivatives of
Trigonometric Functions, Derivatives of
Inverse Trigonometric Function, Derivative
of Exponential Functions, Derivative o the
Logarithmic Function, Logarithmic
Differentiation, Derivative of Hyperbolic
Functions, Derivatives of the inverse
Hyperbolic Functions, Successive
Differentiation (Or Higher Derivatives),
Series Expansions of Functions, Tailor
Series Expansion of Functions, Geometrical
Interpretation of a Derivative, Increasing
and Decreasing Function, Relative
Extreme, Critical Values and Critical
Points, Differentials of variables,
Distinguishing between dy and𝛿𝑦, Finding 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 by using differentials, Simple application
of differentials, Integration as Anti-
derivative (inverse of Derivative), Some
Standard Formulae for Anti-Derivatives,
Theorems on Anti-Derivatives, Anti-
Derivatives of [𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛, 𝑓´(𝑥), 𝑓(𝑥)−1,
Integration by method of substitution, Some
Useful Substitutions, Integration by parts,
Integration involving partial fractions, The
Definite integrals, The area Under the
curves, Fundamental theorem and properties
of Definite Integrals, Application of definite
integrals, Differential Equations, Solution of
a differential equation of first order, Initial
conditions, Linear Inequalities, Graphing of
linear inequality in two variables, Region
Bounded by 2 or 3 simultaneous
inequalities, Problem Constraints, Feasible
46
Solution set, Linear Programming, Linear
Programming Problems.
Recommended Book:
Chaurdhary, M.A., Ghauri, S.M., Saleem,
M.K. and Hayat, M. 2014. Mathematics
XII. Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
47
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Mathematics-IV
Math-202
3(3-0)
Mathematics-IV
Math-202
3(3-0)
Theory Introduction to Analytic Geometry, The Distance
Formula, Point dividing the join of two points in
a given ratio, Translation and Rotation of Axes,
Equations of Straight Lines, Slope or gradient of
a straight line joining two points, Equation of a
straight line parallel to x-axis(or perpendicular to
y-axis), Equation of a straight line parallel to y-
axis(or perpendicular to x-axis), Derivation of
standard forms of equation of straight line, A
linear equation in two variables represents a
straight line, To transform the general linear
equation to standard forms, Position of a point
with respect to line, Two and Three Straight
Lines, The point of intersection of two Straight
lines, Condition of concurrency of three Straight
Lines, Equation of Lines through the point of
Intersection of Two Lines, Distance of Point
from Line, Distance between two parallel lines,
Area of Triangular region whose vertices are
given, Angle Between two lines, Equation of
straight line in Matrix form Homogeneous
Equation of The Second degree in two variables,
Homogenous Equation, To find measure of the
Angle between the Lines represented by 𝑎𝑥2 +2ℎ𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏𝑦2 = 0, Equation of a Circle, General
form of an equation of a circle, Equations of
Circles determined by given conditions,
Tangents and Normals, Length of the Tangent to
a Circle (Tangential Distance), Analytic Proofs
of Important Properties of a circle, Parabola,
General form of Equation of Parabola, Other
standard Parabolas, Graph of the Parabola,
Ellipse and its elements, Standard equation of
Ellipse, Graph of Ellipse, Hyperbola and its
elements, Standard equation of Hyperbola,
Graph of Hyperbola, Tangents and Normals,
Translation and Rotation of Axes, The General
Equation of Second Degree, Classification of
conics by the discriminant, Geometric
interpretation of Vector, Multiplication of Vector
by a scalar, Addition and Subtraction of two
Theory Introduction to Analytic Geometry, The
Distance Formula, Point dividing the join of
two points in a given ratio, Translation and
Rotation of Axes, Equations of Straight
Lines, Slope or gradient of a straight line
joining two points, Equation of a straight
line parallel to x-axis(or perpendicular to y-
axis), Equation of a straight line parallel to
y-axis(or perpendicular to x-axis),
Derivation of standard forms of equation of
straight line, A linear equation in two
variables represents a straight line, To
transform the general linear equation to
standard forms, Position of a point with
respect to line, Two and Three Straight
Lines, The point of intersection of two
Straight lines, Condition of concurrency of
three Straight Lines, Equation of Lines
through the point of Intersection of Two
Lines, Distance of Point from Line,
Distance between two parallel lines, Area of
Triangular region whose vertices are given,
Angle Between two lines, Equation of
straight line in Matrix form Homogeneous
Equation of The Second degree in two
variables, Homogenous Equation, To find
measure of the Angle between the Lines
represented by 𝑎𝑥2 + 2ℎ𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏𝑦2 = 0,
Equation of a Circle, General form of an
equation of a circle, Equations of Circles
determined by given conditions, Tangents
and Normals, Length of the Tangent to a
Circle (Tangential Distance), Analytic
Proofs of Important Properties of a circle,
Parabola, General form of Equation of
Parabola, Other standard Parabolas, Graph
of the Parabola, Ellipse and its elements,
Standard equation of Ellipse, Graph of
Ellipse, Hyperbola and its elements,
Standard equation of Hyperbola, Graph of
Hyperbola, Tangents and Normals,
48
Vectors, Position Vector, Vector in a plane,
Properties of magnitude of a vector, Another
notation for representing vector in plane, A unit
Vector in the direction of another given Vector,
The ratio formula, Vector Geometry,
Introduction of vector in space, Concept of a
vector in space, Properties of vectors, Another
notation for representing Vectors in space,
Distance between two points in space, Direction
Angles and Direction Cosines of a Vector, The
Scalar Product of Two Vectors, Deductions of
the important results, Perpendicular (Orthogonal)
Vectors, Properties of dot product, Analytical
expression of dot product 𝑢.⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣 , Angle between
two vectors, Projection of one Vector upon
another Vector,
The cross product or Vector Product of two
Vectors, Derivation of useful results of cross
products, Properties of cross product, Analytical
Expression of 𝑢 ×⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑣 , parallel vectors, Area of
Parallelogram, Area of Triangle, Scalar Triple
Product of Vectors, Analytical expression of
𝑢.⃗⃗⃗ (𝑣 × �⃗⃗� ), The volume of the parallelepiped,
The volume of the Tetrahedron, Application of
Vectors in Physics and engineering.
Recommended Book:
Chaurdhary, M.A., Ghauri, S.M., Saleem, M.K.
and Hayat, M. 2009. Mathematics XII. Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore.
Translation and Rotation of Axes, The
General Equation of Second Degree,
Classification of conics by the discriminant,
Geometric interpretation of Vector,
Multiplication of Vector by a scalar,
Addition and Subtraction of two Vectors,
Position Vector, Vector in a plane,
Properties of magnitude of a vector,
Another notation for representing vector in
plane, A unit Vector in the direction of
another given Vector, The ratio formula,
Vector Geometry, Introduction of vector in
space, Concept of a vector in space,
Properties of vectors, Another notation for
representing Vectors in space, Distance
between two points in space, Direction
Angles and Direction Cosines of a Vector,
The Scalar Product of Two Vectors,
Deductions of the important results,
Perpendicular (Orthogonal) Vectors,
Properties of dot product, Analytical
expression of dot product 𝑢.⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣 , Angle
between two vectors, Projection of one
Vector upon another Vector, The cross
product or Vector Product of two Vectors,
Derivation of useful results of cross
products, Properties of cross product,
Analytical Expression of 𝑢 ×⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑣 , parallel
vectors, Area of Parallelogram, Area of
Triangle, Scalar Triple Product of Vectors,
Analytical expression of 𝑢.⃗⃗⃗ (𝑣 × �⃗⃗� ), The
volume of the parallelepiped, The volume
of the Tetrahedron, Application of Vectors
in Physics and engineering.
Recommended Book:
Chaurdhary, M.A., Ghauri, S.M., Saleem,
M.K. and Hayat, M. 2014. Mathematics
XII. Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.
49
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
English-III
Eng- 201
4(4-0)
English-III
Eng- 201
4(4-0)
Theory Reading and comprehension skills development:
Book-II: Modern Prose and Old Heroes (10
Essays and 4 Heroes), The Dying Sun, Using the
Scientific Method, Why Boys Fail in College,
End of Term, On Destroying Books, The Man
Who Was a Hospital, My Financial Career,
China’sWayto Progress 9.Hunger and Population
Explosion, The Jewel of the World, First Year at
Harrow, Hitch Hiking Across the Sahara, Sir
Alexander Fleming, Louis Pasteur, Mustafa
Kamal, text based short answer questions,
comprehension of given paragraph from Book-II,
synonyms with MCQs; Writing Skills:
Descriptive and Narrative Essays with a word
limit of 300-400 words; Applied Grammar:
Correction of Common Errors, Narration; Use of
prepositions; Translation Skills: revision of
translation skills with the help of a continuous
unseen Urdu passage into English; Adverbial
Expressions; Ellipsis; Discourse Markers.
Recommended Books
1. Eienstein, L. 2011. Five Hundred One
Comprehension Reading Questions,
Learning Express, NewYork, USA.
2. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy. 2004.
English Grammar in Use Supplementary
Exercises, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge. USA
3. Sadiq, M. 2009. English Book II, Niaz
Book Depot, Lahore.
4. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English Usage,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.UK
5. Wren, P. C. and Martin, H. 2012. High
School English Grammar &
Composition, Chand & Company Ltd,
New Dehli, India.
Theory The Dying Sun, Using the Scientific Method,
Why Boys Fail in College, End of Term, On
Destroying Books, The Man Who Was a
Hospital, My Financial Career, China’s Way
to Progress, Hunger and Population
Explosion, The Jewel of the World; First
Year at Harrow, Hitch – Hiking Across the
Sahara, Sir Alexander Fleming, Louis
Pasteur, Mustafa Kamal, Applied Grammar;
correction of errors, Direct and indirect
narration, Use of prepositions, Translation: A
continuous Prose Passage from Urdu into
English OR Candidates whose medium of
examination is English, will write a
paragraph on given topics, Idiomatic phrases.
Recommended Books
1. Eienstein, L. 2011. Five Hundred One
Comprehension Reading Questions,
Learning Express, NewYork, USA.
2. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy. 2004.
English Grammar in Use
Supplementary Exercises, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge. USA
3. Sadiq, M. 2009. English Book II,
Niaz Book Depot, Lahore.
4. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English
Usage, Oxford University Press,
Oxford.UK
5. Wren, P. C and Martin, H. 2012.
High School English Grammar &
Composition, Chand & Company
Ltd, New Dehli, India.
50
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
English-IV
Eng- 202
4(4-0)
English-IV
Eng- 202
4(4-0)
Theory Reading and comprehension skills
development: Plays and Poetry: Plays: Heat
Lightning, Visit to a Small Planet, The Oyster
and the Pearl Poems, The Rain, Night Mail,
Loveliest of Trees, the Cherry Now, O Where
are You Going?, In the Street of the Fruit Stalls,
Sindhi Women, Times, Ozymandias, The Feed,
The Hollow Men, Leisure, Ruba’iyat, A Tale of
Two Cities, My Neighbor Friend Breathing His
Last!, He Came to Know Himself, God’s
Attributes, The Delight Song, Love – an
Essence of All Religions, A Man of Words and
Not of Deeds, In Broken Images; Critical
appreciation of all plays, characters analysis,
synonyms with MCQs, text based short answer
questions from plays; paraphrasing of the
poems including figure of speech and reference
to context, short answer question and synonyms
based on the poems; Applied Grammar:
Correction of Common Errors and revision of
translation of a given Urdu paragraph into
English; Vocabulary Building: Idioms and
idiomatic Phrases; Writing Skills:
Argumentative Composition with a word limit
of 300-400 words.
Recommended Books
1. Ahmed, B. 2009. English Book II, Punjab
Textbook Board, Lahore, Pakistan
2. Bill, D. 2010. Test of Written English:
Model Essays. Oxford University Press,
Oxford, UK.
3. Bill, D. 2012. Writing Argumentative
Essays, Express Learning, New York, USA.
4. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy. 2004. English
Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
USA
5. Sadiq, M. 2009. A New Anthology of
Essays , Furqan Brothers, Lahore
Theory Plays: Heat Lightning, Visit to a Small
Planet, The Oyster and the Pearl, Poems:
The Rain, Night Mail, Loveliest of Trees,
the Cherry Now, O Where are You Going?
In the Street of the Fruit Stalls, Sindhi
Women, Times, Ozymandias, The Feed,
The Hollow Men, Leisure, Ruba’iyat, A
Tale of Two Cities, My Neighbor Friend
Breathing His Last!, He Came to Know
Himself, God’s Attributes, The Delight
Song, Love – an Essence of All Religions,
A Man of Words and Not of Deeds, In
Broken Images, Essay Writing:
Argumentative and Reflective essays with
the help of thought provoking situations,
Idiomatic expressions and phrases.
Recommended Books
1. Ahmed, B. 2009. English Book II,
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore,
Pakistan
2. Bill. D. 2010. Test of Written English:
Model Essays. Oxford University Press,
Oxford, UK.
3. Bill, D. 2012. Writing Argumentative
Essays, Express Learning, New York,
USA.
4. Hashemi, L and R. Murphy. 2004.
English Grammar in Use Supplementary
Exercises, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge. USA
5. Sadiq, M. 2009. A New Anthology of
Essays, Furqan Brothers, Lahore
6. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English
Usage, Oxford University Press,
Oxford. UK
7. Wren, P. C, and Martin, H. A. 2012.
High School English Grammar &
Composition, Chand & Company Ltd,
New Dehli, India.
51
6. Swan, M. 2010. Practical English Usage,
Oxford University Press, Oxford. UK
7. Wren. P. C, and Martin, H. A. 2012. High
School English Grammar & Composition,
Chand & Company Ltd, New Dehli, India.
52
EXISTING COURSE CONTENTS PROPOSED COURSE CONTENTS
Computer Science
CS-201
4(3-1)
Computer Science
CS-201
4(3-1)
Theory
Overview of Computer System: Brief History
of Computers, Uses and Misuse, Importance,
future needs; types of Computers: Super,
Mainframe, Mini, Micro, Desktop, Notebook,
Personal and workstations, Interacting with
computer. Input devices: keyboard, mouse,
trackball, touch screen, touch pads, barcode
readers etc, Output devices: Monitors type of
monitors, printers: type of printers, Plotters,
Memory, Flash memory, cache memory,
Storage devices: Magnetic and optical storage
hard disk etc., Network: uses and types of
network LAN, WAN, Data communication
over telephone lines: Modem, DSL & high
speed lines, Overview of Computer System:
Brief History of Computers, Uses and Misuse,
Importance, future needs; Part of Computer:
CPU, Control unit, arithmetic logical Unit,
Buses: data bus, address bus, control bus.
Motherboard Micro-processor and its type.
Software: type of software, System software,
shareware, application software. Software:
Operating system. Memory, Flash memory,
cache memory Storage devices: Magnetic and
optical storage hard disk etc., Internet: working
of internet, features of Internet: email,
newsgroups, telnet, FTP, WWW, HTTP, Online
services, Addressing schemes, DNS, IP.
Practicals:
Windows: Windows Operating System, Use of
MS word Processing, MS Excel (Spread
Sheets), Power point Exercise and essential use
of internet, Email and surfing, MS Excel
(Spread Sheets).
Theory
Basic of Information Technology: Overview
of Information Technology, Hardware and
Software, Input and Output Devices,
System Software and Application Software,
Basic Units of Data Storage, System
Development, System Components, System
Development Life Cycle, Overview of
Information Networks, Workgroup
Computing, Email and its benefits, Internet,
Components of network, LAN, WAN and
MAN, Network Concept, Overview of Data
Communication, Components of Data
Communication, Signals, Type of Data,
Encoding of Data, Modes of Data
Communication, Type of Data
Transmission, Modem, Overview of
Applications and Uses of Computer, Uses
of Computer in Different Fields, Computer
Assistance simplifying our work Practices,
Over view of Computer Architecture, CPU,
Bus Interconnection The I/O Unit,
Computer Operations, Instruction Format,
Software, The Translators and their
functions, Overview of Security, Copyright
and the Law, Virus and Antivirus issues,
Data Security, Data Protection Legislation
and Copyright Issues, Important Privacy
Acts, The Copyright Act, Overview of
Windows Operating System, Types of
Operating System, Starting to use windows
operating system, Disk Management, File
Management, What is Word Processing?
Simple word Processor, Full feature word
Processor, Starting to use word processor,
Features of Spread Sheet Software, The
53
Recommended Book:
Baig, M.M., Ali, A., Naaz, S., Jafari, S.Z. and
Magsi, A.A. 2009, Punjab Textbook Board,
Lahore.
Spread Sheet Interface, Entering Data in
Worksheet, Basic of Worksheet, Working
with Formulas, Functions, Formatting and
customizing Data, Introducing Chart,
Printing worksheets and charts, How
internet works, Addressing Schemes, Web
Browsing, Email, Newsgroups.
Practicals:
Windows: Use of start menu, Manage
program group & document group, How to
access search group, Customize the desktop,
Use of windows help, Use of windows
accessories: Word pad, Calculator, Paint,
Use of windows accessories: Managing files
and folders- using my computer, Managing
files and folders windows explorer,
Managing recycle bin operation, Printer:
Installation of printer driver, Setting of
different properties of printer, Managing the
ques of printing jobs, MS Word: Open and
save files in specified path or new folder,
Selection of text by different methods and
applying a different operations, (coping,
moving (by clipboard and drag & drop
methods) deletion), Formatting text (bold,
underline, font, colour etc), Using undo and
redo, Use of text alignments, indenting and
managing space also use of bullets and
numbering, Use of page setup including
page margin, size, paper source and layout,
Skills of printer setting, Use of tables and
columns, Use of spelling check, grammar
and phrases, Use of short cuts, MS-Excel:
Inserting & deleting cells, rows, and
columns, Managing worksheets,
Formatting and customizing data, Use of
formulas and functions (formatting numbers
decimal places column & rows setup etc),
Drawing of different types of charts, Use of
page setup and printing configurations Use
of shortcuts, Internet explorer: Send /
receive email to a single user, multiple
users, Attach/detach files with mail,
Browsing internet, Use of shortcuts, Proper
54
use of search engines, MS-Access: Creating
different tables and assigning primary key,
Relationship between tables, Create reports
using wizard and design view, Create
simple forms using wizard and design view,
Use of summary and calculated field.
Recommended Book:
Baig, M.M., Ali, A., Naaz, S., Jafari, S.Z.
and Magsi, A.A. 2014, Punjab Textbook
Board, Lahore.