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Texas HistoryChapter 2.1

The Physical Landscape of Texas

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Why are we studying this?

Texans have long relied on the state’s sources of water. Texas has many different

resources including aquifers and reservoirs.

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Landforms of Texas

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Landforms of Texas•Major Landforms of Texas

–Plains–Hills–Plateaus–Mountain ranges

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Landforms of Texas

•Plains—areas of flat or gently rolling land without a sharp rise or fall in elevation

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Landforms of Texas

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Landforms of Texas

•Plateaus—are areas of flat elevated land that drop sharply on one or more sides

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Landforms of Texas•Texas “Hill Country”

•Located in Central Texas

Texas Hill Country

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Landforms of Texas

•Ranges—groups of mountainsGuadalupe Peak—

highest point in Texas

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Photos from the Guadalupe Mountains

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The Texas River System

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The Texas River System•All rivers and streams in Texas eventually flow into the Gulf of Mexico!

•Most Texas Rivers are located in East Texas!

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The Texas River System•Tributaries—any smaller

stream or river that flows into a larger stream or river

Which river is a tributary to the Rio Grande?

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The Texas River System• Major River Systems

– Tributaries of the Mississippi• Red River• Canadian River

– Flow directly into Gulf of Mexico• Brazos• Colorado• Neches• Nueces• Sabine• Trinity

– Rio Grande and Tributaries• Rio Grande• Pecos

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers•Few natural lakes

•Caddo Lake: largest natural lake in state

•Hundreds of artificial lakes

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers

•Reservoirs—artificial lakes that store water and are often used as a source of water by towns and cities

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers

•Reservoirs also used for irrigation

•Irrigation—supplying of water to crops by artificial means

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers

•Aquifer—natural formations of underground gravel, rock, or sand that trap and hold rainwater

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers•Refilling/Recharging is usually a slow process

•Provide water for farms, home, & industry

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers•Ogallala Aquifer

–largest underground aquifer in the state

–stretches from Texas and New Mexico all the way to South Dakota

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Texas Lakes & Aquifers•Edwards Aquifer

–underground water source for Central Texas

–water source for Austin and San Antonio

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