2. Dr Bashir and Dr yashodhoraleading group of medical
studentsto meet noble prize winner in medicineat KL Malaysia
3. Dr Bashir at PBL Conference
4. Noble prize winner Prof Barry .J Marshall in recognition of his
discovery Helicobacter pylori-most common cause for peptic
ulcer
5. Precious moments with noble prize winner
6. 7. Rheumatoid arthritis isautoimmune disorder in which Immune
system identifies the synovial membrane as "foreign" and begins
attacking it.
Synovial membrane shown in picture
8. With long-term or intensive exposure to the antigen, normal
antibodies become auto-antibodies that target self-antigens in the
synovial membrane.
9. Once the antigen or immune complex reaches the synovial membrane
.The antigen presenting cell deals with
Fibrous capsule of synovial joint.
10. Rheumatoid Arthritis
First, the APC usually a macrophage in synovium engulfs the
antigen.
Enzymes (peroxides) inside the APC break down the antigen into
smaller particles.
11. Rheumatoid Arthritis
The processed antigens are transported to the surface of the APC,
where it binds with MHC (major histocompatibility complex)
12. This complex ie (part of a foreign substance and MHC) is now
presented to T-cells (CD4 cells ie T-helper cell ) or CD8
(cytotoxic T cells) which the T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizes and
binds to.
13. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
14. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) 15. Interferon-alpha (IFN-a) 16. Interferon-gamma (IFN-g) 17. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 18. And other factors that activate lymphocytes and other immune cells to respond to the antigens.