Contents
• Intro to Train Control and Management Systems (TCMS)
• Train Communication Networks
• Railway industry
• Conclusions
Train compositions
Closed Train
Multiple Unit Train
Open Train
1 unit
1 unit 1 unit
1 unit1 unit
[2]
Train compositions
Closed Train
Multiple Unit Train
Open Train
1 unit
1 unit 1 unit
1 unit1 unit
[2]
Train compositions
Closed Train
Multiple Unit Train
Open Train
1 unit
1 unit 1 unit
1 unit1 unit
Data
Data
Data[2]
Train Control and Management System
Consists of• Processing units (Computers)
• Networks (Buses and bus protocols)
• Subsystems (Controllers)
• Interfaces to subsystems (Application protocols)
Train Control and Management System
Consists of• Processing units (Computers)
• Networks (Buses and bus protocols)
• Subsystems (Controllers)
• Interfaces to subsystems (Application protocols)
Purpose• Control and Monitor (Crew)
• Diagnostics (Maintenance)
• Upgrade and reconfiguration (Operator)
Train Communication Networks
Originally based on Industrial Fieldbuses
• Slow bit rate (~1 Mbit/s)
• Not designed for train environment
Train Communication Networks
Originally based on Industrial Fieldbuses
• Slow bit rate (~1 Mbit/s)
• Not designed for train environment
• No standard Proprietary solutions
Train Communication Networks
Originally based on Industrial Fieldbuses
• Slow bit rate (~1 Mbit/s)
• Not designed for train environment
• No standard Proprietary solutions
Examples• LonWorks
• CAN
• Profibus
The Train Communication Network (TCN)
The TCN standard (IEC 61375-1)
• Designed for trains
• Hardware and protocols
[2]
The TCN standard (IEC 61375-1)
• Designed for trains
• Hardware and protocols
• Automatic reconfiguration
The Train Communication Network (TCN)
[2]
The TCN standard (IEC 61375-1)
• Designed for trains
• Hardware and protocols
• Automatic reconfiguration
• Specifies network services• Topology, process data, etc.
• Subsystem interfaces
The Train Communication Network (TCN)
[2]
The TCN standard (IEC 61375-1)
• Designed for trains
• Hardware and protocols
• Automatic reconfiguration
• Specifies network services• Topology, process data, etc.
• Subsystem interfacesCost
reductions
The Train Communication Network (TCN)
[2]
The TCN standard (IEC 61375-1)
• Designed for trains
• Hardware and protocols
• Automatic reconfiguration
• Specifies network services• Topology, process data, etc.
• Subsystem interfacesCost
reductions
The Train Communication Network (TCN)
[2]
BUT!Overall network
bandwidth still low
The Ethernet Train Backbone (ETB)
• Same architecture as TCN (IEC 61375-2-5)• Same benefits
• New functionalities• More flexible
• Separation of control andmultimedia data
[4]
The Ethernet Train Backbone (ETB)
• Same architecture as TCN (IEC 61375-2-5)• Same benefits
• New functionalities• More flexible
• Separation of control andmultimedia data
• High network bandwidth• >100 Mbit/s
[4]
The Ethernet Train Backbone (ETB)
• Same architecture as TCN (IEC 61375-2-5)• Same benefits
• New functionalities• More flexible
• Separation of control andmultimedia data
• High network bandwidth• >100 Mbit/s
[4]
All good!Agreed?
Railway industry
• Rolling stock has long life cycle (>20 years)
• Safety and security conscious
• Conservative
Railway industry
• Rolling stock has long life cycle (>20 years)
• Safety and security conscious
• Conservative
• Political• Operators (buyers) largely government controlled
Conclusions
• Few technical reasons• Inherent risk of adopting new technology
• Backwards compatibility due to long life cycles
Conclusions
• Few technical reasons• Inherent risk of adopting new technology
• Backwards compatibility due to long life cycles
• Biggest obstacles• Financial
• Strategic
• Political
Sources
[1] “Super High Speed Trains Subjects,” 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.4rail.net/ref_superfast_main.php. [Accessed: 9-Dec-2015].
[2] IEC 61375-1:2007, “Electric railway equipment – Train bus – Part 1: Train communication network,” International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC), Geneva, 2007.
[3] “Train Control and Management System (TCMS),” 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.eke-electronics.com/train-control-and-management-system-tcms. [Accessed: 9-Dec-2015].
[4] IEC 61375-2-5:2014, “Electronic railway equipment - Train communication network (TCN) - Part 2-5: Ethernet train backbone,” International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Geneva, 2014.