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By P.Ramu
Assistant ProfessorVNR VJIET
Traffic Volume Studies by PENKI RAMU is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
2Traffic Studies
To analyse the characteristics of traffic
To obtain knowledge of type of traffic at present in future. To obtain knowledge of type of volume at present in future. To study the road facilities and improvements to be done. To design geometric features and pavement thickness. To analyse Accidents.
3Traffic Volume study
The number of vehicles crossing a section of road per unit time.
It is done by manual or automatic counters.
In this study,
The type of vehicles
Number of vehicles
Direction of vehicles
4Traffic Volume study
In view of variety of vehicles a Number is assigned to a vehicle. Based on SPEED, SPACE, CHARACTERISTICS. In comparison to the car termed as equivalent passenger car unit
(PCU).
As Per IRC:64-1990
As per IRC:64-1990
5Traffic Volume study
PCE(Passenger Car Equivalent):
The impact that a mode of transport has on traffic variables(speed, density
and headway) compared to a single car.
PCU (Passenger Car Equivalent):
It is a vehicle unit used for expressing highway capacity unit.
Used to convert different vehicles to one class.
6Methods of Counting Volume
The basic Two methods of Counting traffic are: Manual Observation Automatic Recording
7Methods of Counting Volume
Manual Counts: To be recorded Volume
Vehicle Classification, Turning Movements Direction of Movements.
Still Reliable and Best Method for short counts. Example: Tally Sheets
8Methods of Counting Volume Automatic or Mechanical Counts:
Photo Electric Cell. Electrical method. Pneumatic method.
Advantages: For Long counts. For Permanent Installations.
Disadvantages: Do not give Directional Counts or Classified Counts Not Accurate compared with manual. 2 or more vehicles going abreast will be recorded as Single
unit.
9Presentation of Volume Data As per IRC, for rural roads traffic count shall be taken
over seven consecutive days and 24 hours during each day.
Counts are taken at least twice each year. Once count being taken during the peak season of
harvesting and marketing and the other during lean season.
The counts should not encompass abnormal conditions of traffic fair or exhibition.
1) AADT 2) ADT 3)30th highest hourly volume 4) Trend charts
10Presentation of Volume Data Average Annual Daily Traffic(AADT):
The average 24hr traffic volume at a given location over 365 day year.
Total No. of Vehicles passing the point in a year divided by 365.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT): The average 24hr traffic volume at a given location for
less than a year. It may be measured for 6months, a season, a month, a
weak, 2 days. 30th Highest hourly volume:
The hourly volume that will be exceeded only 29times in a year.
Congestion only during 29 hours in the year. Highway facilities are designed for this volume which is
satisfactory from both facility and economic considerations.
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THANK YOU