Therapies
Psychotherapy
A systematic interaction between a therapist and a client that brings psychological principles to bear on a client’s thoughts, feelings, or behavior to help the client overcome abnormal behavior (or to adjust to problems in living)
Different Types of Therapists
Psychologist Counselor Psychiatrist Psychiatric Social Worker Psychoanalyst
Who Goes to Therapy?
People with psychological disordersPeople who want to learn about
themselvesPeople with regular problems
(weight loss, depression, shyness)
Insight TherapiesInsight Therapies
Traditional PsychoanalysisTraditional Psychoanalysis Client Centered TherapyClient Centered Therapy Cognitive TherapiesCognitive Therapies Group therapiesGroup therapies Involves verbal interactions intended to Involves verbal interactions intended to
enhance a client’s self knowledge and enhance a client’s self knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in thus promote healthful changes in personality and behavior.personality and behavior.
PsychoanalysisPsychoanalysis
Insight therapy that emphasizes the Insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defenses though motives, and defenses though techniques such as free association, techniques such as free association, dream analysis, and transference.dream analysis, and transference.
*free association*free association
*dream analysis*dream analysis
*transference (countertransference)*transference (countertransference)
Modern vs. Traditional Psychoanalysis 1-2x weekly “face to face” Problem
resolution Active & directive Supportive,
educational, and less intense
4-5x weekly “couch therapy” Reconstruct
character Free association,
transference, and resistance
Client Centered TherapyClient Centered Therapy
Carl Rogers’ insight thereapy that emphasizes Carl Rogers’ insight thereapy that emphasizes providing a supportive meotional climate for providing a supportive meotional climate for clients who play a major role in determining clients who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of the therapy.the pace and direction of the therapy.
Unconditional positive regardUnconditional positive regard Empathic understandingEmpathic understanding GenuinenessGenuineness CongruenceCongruence
Cognitive Therapies
Forms of Therapy that focus on how clients’ cognitions lead to distress and may be modified to relieve distress. Improve a person’s well being by changing negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs
Albert Ellis: Rational Emotive therapy Aaron Beck: Cognitive Therapy Problem Solving Training
Advantages of Group Therapies
Cheaper Able to hear
experiences of others
Group support Similarity Improvement
happens Social skills
Behavior Therapies
Behavior is a product of learning and what is learned can be unlearned.
Fear Reduction Methods Aversive conditioning Operant Conditioning
token economies biofeedback
Biomedical Therapies Drug Therapy
Anti-anxietyanti-psychoticantidepressantslithium
Electroconvulsive Therapies
Psychosurgery