Lancaster
• Henry VI (1421-1471)
Reign : 1422-1461 and 1470-1471
• Marguerite d'Anjou, his wife
• Edward, Prince of Wales, his son
Lancaster
H en ry, E arl o f R ich m on d(1 4 5 5 -1 5 0 9 )
H en ry V I(1 4 2 1 -1 4 7 1 )
M arg u erite
E d w ard , P rin ce o f W a les(1 4 6 3 -1 4 7 1 )
York• Edward IV (1442-1483)
Reign : 1461-1470 and 1471-1483
• His father, Edward Duke of York (+1461)
York
E d w ard , D u ke o f Y ork(+ 1 4 6 0 )
C ic e ly, D u ch es s o f Y ork
E d m on d o f R u tlan d(+ 1 4 6 0 )
E d w ard , P rin ce o f W a les(1 4 7 0 -1 4 8 3 )
R ic h ard , D u ke o f Y ork(+ 1 4 8 3 )
E lisab e th
E d w ard IV(1 4 4 2 -1 4 8 3 )
E lisab e th W ood ville
G eorg e , D u ke o f C la ren ce(+ 1 4 7 8 )
E d w ard , P rin ce o f W a les(+ 1 4 8 4 )
R ic h ard , D u ke o f G lou ces te r(1 4 5 2 -1 4 8 5 )A n n e N eville
Lords
• Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick (+1471)
"the King Maker"
• His brothers : George, archbishop of York
John, Lord Montagu (+1471)
Main Events
First period : troubles
Henry VI weak, Sommerset and Suffolk plunder the state funds--> Lancastrians unpopular
1449
• English lose Normandy
1450
• defeated soldiers
• numerous agitators (Jack Cade ...)-->anarchy
• French corsairs
• death of Suffolk
1453
• End of the 100 year war
• Henry VI becomes mad
• Birth of his son, Duke of York no more the heir
• Duke of York protector of the Kingdom
Christmas 1454
• Henry VI recovers his mind
• Queen Marguerite and Sommerset at power
Second period : first struggle for the power
1455 • battle of St Albans
--> Duke of York and Warwick capture the King1456
• Queen Marguerite gets back her husbandEach party raises troops
1456-57• civil riots
1459• Marguerite attacks
Several battles --> Yorkist leaders leave the country
1460
• Yorkist leaders come back
• King captured at the battle of Northampton
• Duke of York becomes Heir of the Crown
• Marguerite still fights
• Duke of York and his oldest son, Edmond, killed at the Battle of Wakefield
1461
• Marguerite gets back her husband at the battle of St Albans
• Warwick and Edward take London and Edward becomes King (4th Mars)
Third period : Reign of Edward IV (1461-1470)
1461
• Towton battle : the biggest of the war and the final one
1461-1463
• guerilla warfare in Wales and extreme north
1463
• Marguerite flies in France
1464
• Death of the last Lancastrians leaders at the battles of Hedgeley Moor and Hexham
1465• King Henry VI captured
1461-1469• Rise of the power of the Neville family
George Archbishop of York and chancellor
John, Marquis of Montagu, reigns over the north
Warwick rules the army and the foreign office• Edward tries to resist
1469• Edward captured by the Nevilles and his brother
George of Clarence
Fourth period : new anarchy
1469
• Riots in London and in the whole country
• Lancastrian uprising at the Scottisch border
• Help of Edward necessary --> more power
1470
• Conspiracy of Clarence and Warwick
fails (battle of Lose-Coat Field)
Clarence and Warwick flee in France
• Clarence, Warwick and Marguerite ally
• The alliance takes the power --> Henry VI King
1471
• Edward comes back with a small army
• Edward takes York
• Several battles in favour of Edward
• George Neville betrays the Lancastrians and gives up London and Henry VI to Edward
• Battle of Barnet : Warwick and John killed
• Final battle of Tewkesbury :
Marguerite captured
Her son is killed
Fifth period : Reign of Edward IV (1471-1483)
• Happy period of peace and reconstruction
• Governs with the help of his faithful and clever brother Richard
• Dies unexpectedly of illness
Sixth period : Reign of Richard III
• Richard of Gloucester becomes king with the help of the Duke of Buckingham in place of his nephew and despite the opposition of Hasting
• He kills his nephews
• He crashes Buckingham uprising
• He is killed by Henry, Earl of Richmond, at the battle of Bosworth
• Henry becomes Henry VII
FOUNDS THE TUDOR DYNASTY