1. THE MAIN EVENTS COLD WAR 1947 1991 OPERATION CYCLONE,
AFGHANISTAN, 1979 1989 BIRTH OF AL QAEDA, PAKISTAN 1988 OPERATION
DELIBERATE FORCE, BOSNIA WAR, 1992 1995 THE RISE OF TALIBAN 1996
2001 OPERATION IRAQIFREEDOM, IRAQ INVASION, 2003, BIRTH OFISI
WITHDRAWAL OF U.S. MILITARY FORCES FROM IRAQ 2007- 2011 WITHDRAWAL
OF U.S. MILITARY FORCES FROM IRAQ DECEMBER 2007- DECEMBER 2011
SYRIAN CIVIL WAR, 2011 PRESENT, RISE OF ISIS PRESENT SCENARIO (ISIS
IS RECEIVING STRONG FIGHT) AMERICAN AIR STRIKES
2. COLD WAR 1947 - 1991 COLD WAR WAS A STATE OF POLITICAL AND
MILITARY TENSION AFTER WORLD WAR LL BETWEEN POWERS IN THE WESTERN
BLOC (NATO) AND POWERS IN THE EASTERN BLOC (WARSAW PACT). THE COLD
WAR ENDED WITH THE FORMAL DISSOLUTION OF USSR IN DECEMBER 1991. THE
UNITED STATES REMAINED AS THE ONLY SUPERPOWER. THE COLD WAR
REQUIRED PROXY WAR TO BE FOUGHT IN WHICH BOTH THE PARTIES CHOSE AND
SUPPORTED THEIR ALLIES FOR THEIR OWN INTEREST. THE US SUPPORTED
MUJAJIDEENS WHEN AND WHERE REQUIRED.
3. OPERATION CYCLONE, AFGHANISTAN, 1979 1989 THROUGH OPERATION
CYCLONE THE CIA FUNNELED MILLIONS OF DOLLARS TO AFGHAN MUJAHIDEEN
VIA ISI OF PAKISTAN TO FIGHT SOVIET OCCUPATION FAVOURING THE AFGHAN
MARXIST REGIME IN AFGHANISTAN ARAB MUJAHIDEEN ALSO JOINED THE JIHAD
AGAINST THE AFGHAN MARXIST REGIME, FACILITATED BY INTERNATIONAL
ORGANISATIONS, ESPECIALLY MAKTAB AL KHIDMAT FOUNDED BY OSAMA BIN
LADEN THE ASSETS COLLECTED AND NETWORKS CREATED AS A RESULT WERE TO
BE USED MAKTAB AL KHIDMAT TO FUND AND RUN A GLOBAL JIHAD.
4. BIRTH OF AL QAEDA, PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN 1988 TOWARD THE END OF
THE SOVIET MILITARY MISSION IN AFGHANISTAN, SOME MUJAHIDEEN WANTED
TO EXPAND THEIR OPERATIONS TO INCLUDE ISLAMIST STRUGGLES IN OTHER
PARTS OF THE WORLD, SUCH AS ISRAEL AND KASHMIR. A NUMBER OF
OVERLAPPING AND INTERRELATED ORGANIZATIONS WERE FORMED, TO FURTHER
THOSE ASPIRATIONS. ONE OF THESE WAS AL QAEDA FORMED IN PESHAWAR
PAKISTAN, 1988
5. OPERATION DELIBERATE FORCE, BOSNIA WAR, 1992 1995 BOSNIAN
WAR WAS A TERRITORIAL CONFLICT BETWEEN SERBIAN FORCE ON ONE SIDE
AND BOSNIAK AND CROAT FORCES ON THE OTHER SIDE. FOREIGN MUJAHIDEEN
ARRIVED IN BOSNIA TO HELP BOSNIAKS WHILE NATO INTERVENED IN 1995 IT
HAS BEEN SAID THAT THERE WAS US-AL QAEDA ALLIANCE IN THE BOSNIAN
WAR. BOSNIAN WAR WAS AMONG THE FIRST STEPS OF AL QAEDA TOWARDS
GLOBAL JIHAD.
6. THE RISE OF TALIBAN 1996 2001 BIN LADEN AND AL QAEDA BASED
THEMSELVES IN AFGHANISTAN AFTER TALIBAN WHICH CONSTIUTED THE
ORPHANS OF THE WAR AND OTHER MUJAHIDEENS FORMED A GOVERNMENT IN
AFGHANISTAN THOUGH IT WAS ONLY CONSIDERED LEGITIMATE BY PAKISTAN,
SAUDI ARABIA AND UAE.
7. OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM, 2001 OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM
WAS AN INTERVENTION BY NATO FOLLOWING 9 11 ATTACKS, ITS AIMS WERE
TO DISMANTLE AL QAEDA AND DENYING IT A SAFE BASE IN AFGHANISTAN BY
REMOVING TALIBAN FROM POWER. THE US AND ITS ALLIES DROVE TALIBAN
FROM POWER. MOST OF THE AL QAEDA AND TALIBAN ESCAPED INTO PAKISTAN
AND REMOTE MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS.
8. OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM-IRAQ INVASION, 2003. BIRTH OF ISI
WITH THE INVASION OF IRAQ, THE JORDANIAN SALAFI JIHADIST ABU MUSAB
AL ZARQAWI AND HIS MILITANT GROUP JAMAAT AL TAWHID WAL JIHAD
CARRIED OUT ATTACK AGAINST THE COALITION FORCES. IN OCTOBER 2004 IT
PLEDGED ALLEGIANCE TO BIN LADENS AL QAEDA WHICH CAME TO BE KNOWN AS
AL QAEDA IN IRAQ (AQI) ON 7 JUNE, AL-ZARQAWI WAS KILLED IN A US
AIRSTRIKE AND WAS SUCCEEDED AS LEADER OF THE GROUP BY THE EGYPTIAN
MILITANT ABU AYYUB AL MASRI ON 13 OCTOBER 2006, THE MUJAHIDEEN
SHURA COUNCIL DECLARED THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ISLAMIC STATE OF
IRAQ (ISI), COMPRISING IRAQ'S SIX MOSTLY SUNNI ARAB GOVERNORATES,
WITH ABU OMAR AL-BAGHDADI BEING ANNOUNCED AS ITS EMIR, AL-MASRI WAS
GIVEN THE TITLE OF MINISTER OF WAR
9. THE DECLINE OF ISI- LOSING FOOTHOLD IN IRAQ IN A MAJOR BLOW
TO AQI, MANY FORMER SUNNI MILITANTS WHO HAD PREVIOUSLY FOUGHT
ALONGSIDE THE GROUP STARTED TO WORK WITH THE US ARMED FORCES.
AL-QAEDA SEEMED TO HAVE LOST ITS FOOTHOLD IN IRAQ. US AND IRAQI
OFFENSIVESMANAGED TO DRIVE OUT THE AQI-ALIGNED INSURGENTS FROM
THEIR FORMER SAFE HAVENS, SUCH AS THE DIYALA AND AL ANBAR
GOVERNORATES AND THE EMBATTLED CAPITAL OF BAGHDAD, TO THE AREA OF
THE NORTHERN CITY OF MOSUL ON 18 APRIL 2010, THE ISI'S TWO TOP
LEADERS, ABU AYYUB AL-MASRI AND ABU OMAR AL-BAGHDADI, WERE KILLED
IN A JOINT US-IRAQI RAID NEAR TIKRIT 16 MAY 2010, ABU BAKR
AL-BAGHDADI WAS APPOINTED THE NEW LEADER OF THE ISLAMIC STATE OF
IRAQ
10. WITHDRAWAL OF U.S. MILITARY FORCES FROM IRAQ DECEMBER 2007-
DECEMBER 2011 IN JULY 2012, AL-BAGHDADI ANNOUNCED THAT THE GROUP
WAS RETURNING TO THE FORMER STRONGHOLDS FROM WHICH US TROOPS AND
THEIR SUNNI ALLIES HAD DRIVEN THEM PRIOR TO THE WITHDRAWAL OF US
TROOPS. THE BREAKING THE WALLS CAMPAIGN CULMINATED IN JULY 2013,
WITH THE ISI CARRYING OUT SIMULTANEOUS RAIDS ON TAJI AND ABU GHRAIB
PRISON, FREEING MORE THAN 500 PRISONERS, MANY OF THEM VETERANS OF
THE IRAQI INSURGENCY
11. SYRIAN CIVIL WAR, 2011 PRESENT. RISE OF ISIS IN MARCH 2011,
PROTESTS BEGAN IN SYRIA AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT OF BASHAR AL-ASSAD
IN AUGUST 2011, ABU BAKR AL-BAGHDADI BEGAN SENDING SYRIAN AND IRAQI
ISI MEMBERS EXPERIENCED IN GUERILLA WARFARE ACROSS THE BORDER INTO
SYRIA IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH AN ORGANIZATION INSIDE THE COUNTRY.
AL-NUSRA FRONT WAS THUS FORMED LED BY A SYRIAN KNOWN AS ABU
MUHAMMAD AL JAWLANI AL-NUSRA FRONT LATER MERGED WITH ISIL. ON 11
OCTOBER 2014, ISIL DISPATCHED 10,000 MILITANTS FROM SYRIA AND MOSUL
TO CAPTURE THE IRAQI CAPITAL CITY OF BAGHDAD AT THE END OF OCTOBER
2014, 800 RADICAL MILITANTS IN CONTROL OF THE LIBYAN CITY OF DERNA
PLEDGED THEIR ALLEGIANCE TO ABU BAKR AL-BAGHDADI, THUS MAKING DERNA
THE FIRST CITY OUTSIDE SYRIA AND IRAQ TO BE A PART OF THE SO-CALLED
"ISLAMIC STATE CALIPHATE
12. ISIL GOALS FOUNDATION OF AN ISLAMIC STATE OR CALIPHATE LED
BY A GROUP OF RELIGIOUS AUTHORITIES UNDER A SUPREME LEADER- CALIPH-
WHO IS BELIEVED TO BE THE SUCCESSOR OF MUHAMMAD. LEADERSHIP LEADER-
ABU BAKR AL BAGHDADI DEPUTY LEADERS- ABU MUSLIM AL TURKMANI (KIA)
FOR IRAQ AND ABU ALI AL ANBARI GOVERNANCE DESPITE BEING AS BRUTAL
AS BEFORE, ISIL HAS BECOME "WELL ENTRENCHED" AMONG THE POPULATION.
IT HAS REPLACED CORRUPT GOVERNANCE WITH FUNCTIONING LOCALLY
CONTROLLED AUTHORITIES, SERVICES HAVE BEEN RESTORED WITH ADEQUATE
SUPPLIES OF WATER AND OIL. FURTHER SOLIDIFYING ISIL RULE IS THE
CONTROL OF WHEAT PRODUCTION, WHICH IS ROUGHLY 40% OF IRAQ'S
PRODUCTION. ISIL HAS MAINTAINED FOOD PRODUCTION, CRUCIAL TO
GOVERNANCE AND POPULAR SUPPORT.
13. ISIL THE FLAG ISIL'S PHILOSOPHY IS WELL REPRESENTED BY THE
SYMBOLISM IN THE BLACK STANDARD VARIANT OF THE LEGENDARY BATTLE
FLAG OF MUHAMMAD THAT IT HAS ADOPTED. THE FLAG SHOWS THE SEAL OF
THE MUHAMMAD WITHIN A WHITE CIRCLE, WITH THE PHRASE ABOVE IT,
"THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH".
14. PRESENT SCENARIO (ISIS IS RECEIVING STRONG FIGHT) SEPTEMBER
(SIEGE OF KOBANI) ISIS HAS BEEN TRYING TO TAKE KOBANI A TOWN
BORDERING TURKEY BUT KURDISH FIGHTERS, WITH HEAVY AMERICAN SUPPORT,
HAVE PUSHED ISIS BACK. THE KURDISH RESISTANCE HAS SHATTERED THE
PERCEPTION OF ISIS INVINCIBILITY - A CRUCIAL ELEMENT OF ITS
RECRUITING PITCH. OCTOBER (BABIL, ANBAR) ISIS SUFFERED A DEFEAT IN
AN EVEN MORE CRUCIAL AREA. IRAQI GOVERNMENT FORCES TOOK JURF AL-
SAKHAR, A TOWN (IN THE AREA LABELED NORTHERN BABIL IN THE BELOW
MAP) WHICH IS AN ISIS STRONGHOLD. THIS WAS A REAL DEFEAT. NOVEMBER
(BATTLE OF RAMADI) IRAQI FORCES BACKED BY ALLIED TRIBAL FIGHTERS
HAVE CONTINUED TO ADVANCE AGAINST ISIS POSITIONS IN THE RESTIVE
ANBAR PROVINCE. GOVERNMENT FORCES ARE ADVANCING AGAINST ISIS
POSITIONS ACROSS ANBAR, INCLUDING PROVINCIAL CAPITAL RAMADI. IRAQI
PRIME MINISTER HAIDER AL-ABADI HAD ALSO PLEDGED TO SEND MORE TROOPS
TO THE PROVINCIAL CAPITAL TO ENSURE THAT IT REMAINS OUTSIDE OF ISIS
HANDS.
15. AMERICAN AIR STRIKES AMERICAN AIR STRIKES ARE NOT GOING TO
DEFEAT ISIS, BUT THEY HAVE SERIOUSLY LIMITED THE GROUP'S ABILITY TO
CONDUCT OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS. "AIRPOWER HAS MADE IT DIFFICULT FOR
ISIS TO CONCENTRATE ITS FORCES IN LARGE NUMBERS," "IT HAS MADE IT
MORE DANGEROUS TO REPOSITION ITS EQUIPMENT AND FORCES, SLOWING DOWN
ITS REACTION TIMES AND COMPLICATING ITS COMMAND AND CONTROL. AS A
RESULT, ISIS IS A FAR MORE DISPERSED FORCE THAN IT WAS IN
JUNE."
16. THANK YOU AVISHEK DUTTA CHOUDHURY, COMPLETED 13TH JANUARY,
2015. MATERIALS SOURCE:
HTTP://WWW.VOX.COM/2014/10/28/7079695/ISIS-IRAQ-SYRIA-DEFEAT,
HTTP://WWW.GLOBALRESEARCH.CA/THE-US-AL-QAEDA-ALLIANCE-BOSNIA-KOSOVO-AND-NOW-LIBYA-WASHINGTON-
S-ON-GOING-COLLUSION-WITH-TERRORISTS/25829 ,
HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/ISLAMIC_STATE_OF_IRAQ_AND_THE_LEVANT,
HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/AL-QAEDA,
HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/WAR_IN_AFGHANISTAN_(2001%E2%80%93PRESENT).
MUSIC: CHRISTIAN BACZYK RUN OR DIE (MP3.PM)