The Role of Universities in developing/developed world:
Healthcare for homeless and orphans
Vladimir Krcmery
St. Elizabeth University, Shelters Bratislava, Dolná Krupá, Malacky, Slovakia
and St. Maximilian Kolbe Tropical programes, Cambodia
8.12. 2012 Warsaw
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
0,2 % of Slovaks are homeless
New phenomenon in Slovakia
The term „homeless“ is not recognized in Slovak law
Health and social care for the homeless is rather the domain of
church and non-profit NGOs
Organizations targeting only homelessness do not exist
DEFINITION OF HOMELESS DEFINITION OF HOMELESS PEOPLEPEOPLE
Lost of housing → lack of „fixed“, regular, and adequate nighttime residence
Social contactsMarginalization
Isolation
„„HELP YOURSELF“HELP YOURSELF“ ACCOMODATIONACCOMODATION
1. „ ON THE STREET“Homeless without any shelter, bus stations2. „ SELF-MADE SHELTERS“ empty houses, tunnels, garden houses
- living in small groups (migration)- specific rules- violence
SHELTERS PROVIDED BY SHELTERS PROVIDED BY INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS
Lodging houses
Hostels
Warming centers
Rehabilitation
centers
- drugs
- alcohol
Food, clothing and possibility of personal hygiene
Health care, social counseling and prevention
Internal rules Limited time Payments
GROUPS OF HOMELESS PEOPLE GROUPS OF HOMELESS PEOPLE IN SLOVAKIAIN SLOVAKIA
10%
26%
42%
22% On the street
In self-madesheltersLodging houses &hostelsOther
SHELTERS FOR HOMELESS SHELTERS FOR HOMELESS PEOPLEPEOPLE
48 homeless shelters, daily stationers, refugee houses,
health centers and hygiene houses in 15 cities in
Slovakia
St. Elisabeth University involved in the field of
homelessness since 2003
Provides
-the only shelter in the capital city available for all
homeless people
-two asylum houses for battered woman with children
SUPPORT OF HOMELESS PEOPLESUPPORT OF HOMELESS PEOPLE PROVIDED BY THE UNIVERSITYPROVIDED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF OF
ST. ELISABETHST. ELISABETH
NAME CAPACITY NUMBER OF PERSON
TARGET GROUP
REMARKS PARTNERS
MEA CULPASHELTERBRATISLAVA
36 BEDS 55 PEOPLE HOMLESSWOMEN/MEN
ZERO TOLERANCE OF ALCOHOL
THE MUNICI-PALITY OF BRATISLAVA
BETHANYASYL CENTRE MALACKY
7 ROOMS 22 PEOPLE MOTHERS AND CHILDREN
40 KM FROM BRATISLAVA
NGOKRIZOVATKY
JOSEPHINUM ASYL CENTREDOLNA KRUPA
12 ROOMS 24 PEOPLE MOTHERS AND CHILDREN
60 KM FROM BRATISLAVA
NGO GOODNESS OF ST. ELISABETH
MEA CULPA SHELTER, MEA CULPA SHELTER, BRATISLAVABRATISLAVA
No tolerance of alcohol Fee 1€ per night Stay: max. 2 months Services: dinner, laundry,
hygiene, counseling, law and social services inc. job search, primary health care
Education: failed primary education up to University
The most frequent age category 31 - 60 years
12% of clients are women
BETHANY, ASYL CENTRE BETHANY, ASYL CENTRE MALACKYMALACKY
Fee 15 USD / month Target group: battered
women with children, released from prison,from orphanages
Maximum 1 year Accommodation,
clothing, food, health care, counseling
PUBLIC OPINION ABOUTPUBLIC OPINION ABOUT
HOMELESSNESSHOMELESSNESS
Homeless people are satisfied with that what they do and do not want to change their life
There are transmitting serious diseases such as bacterial diseases, TB, HIV and hepatitis
WE ARE BREAKING MYTHSWE ARE BREAKING MYTHS
Questionnaire: 634 homeless people during 6 months14% satisfied with their life26% would like to change what they do but they don't know how to do it60% of homeless people decided to change their life
None serious infection confirmed104 homeless → 42 had positive
cultivation of pathogens 21 Staph. aureus 13 Candida albicans 3 Strept. pneumoniae 3 Klebsiela pneumoniae 2 Staph. pyogenes
STRATEGYSTRATEGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STTHE ST.. ELISABETH ELISABETH TO HELP HOMELESSTO HELP HOMELESS
Educate social and health professionals to work with this targeted group
Connection of academic study of social work, nursing and health to support homeless people
Close cooperation with media helps breaking myths about homelessness
HIV PROGRAM PRE SIROTY HIV PROGRAM PRE SIROTY V KambodžiV Kambodži
House of Smile (2006)
Clinic of St. Maximilian Kolbe, House of Family (2003)
Daniela’s House of Family (2008)
Peter Pavol Gojdic Children’s Hospital (2007)
Iniciálne diagnózy u hiv pozitívnych sirôt zaradených do hiv programu (neliečené n=137)
Oportúnne infekcie a koinfekcie pozorované v súbore liečených pacientov, N=137 (2003 – 2011)
61,3%14,2%
10,9%
4,6%3,4% 2,0%
1,4% 1,1%1,0%
Infekcie respiračného systému (pneumónia, bronchopneumónia, TBC,otitis media)Infekcie kože a slizníc (tinea capiliti, orofarengyálna kandidóza)
Gastrointestinálne infekcie (hnačka, parazitózy)
Infekcie močových ciest
Herpesvírusy (herpes simplex, varicella, herpes zoster)
8 ročný monitoring spektra patogénov a rezistencie na antiinfektíva (N = 882 kmeňov)
N=586 N %
Všetky MDR 98 16,7
Gram-pozitívne MDR 88 15
Stafylococcus aureus OXA, ERY, TET 39 6,7Stafylococcus aureus OXA, ERY, TET, CLI,CXM, GEN 3 0,5
Stafylococcus aureus OXA,ERY,CLI,CXM 27 4,6Stafylococcus aureus OXA, ERY, TET, CLI, CXM 2 0,3Streptococcus pneumoniae PEN-R, ERY-R, TET-R 11 1,9Moraxella catarrhalis PEN-R, ERY-R, TET-R 6 1,0
Gram-negatívne MDR 10 1,7
Klebsiella spp. GEN, CAZ,COT 3 0,5
Acinetobacter spp. GEN, CAZ, COT 2 0,3
E. coli AMP,GEN,COT 3 0,5
Enterobacter GEN,CIP,CAZ 2 0,4
Prehľad multirezistentných kmeňov baktérií izolovaných od HIV-pozitívnych sirôt
Potreba edukácie zdravotníckych pracovníkov v oblasti špecifických ochorení a zdravotných potrieb tejto cieľovej skupiny
Prepojenie akademického prostredia a praxe pri tvorbe projektov zameraných na riešenie zdravotných a sociálnych problémov
Záver
Ďakujem za pozornosť!
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