The Rise of HitlerThe Rise of Hitler
World HistoryMrs. Sadler
World HistoryMrs. Sadler
Totalitarian RegimesTotalitarian Regimes
Power in hands of a dictatorIdeology that addresses all aspects
of lifeControl of
Media/Censorship/PropagandaTerror and Fear - Secret PoliceCult of PersonalityIndoctrination of Youth
Power in hands of a dictatorIdeology that addresses all aspects
of lifeControl of
Media/Censorship/PropagandaTerror and Fear - Secret PoliceCult of PersonalityIndoctrination of Youth
IdeologiesIdeologies
CommunismFascismNazism
CommunismFascismNazism
European EconomiesEuropean Economies The end of the war
decreased a demand for goods.
British and French trade had decreased.
Tariffs discouraged worldwide trade
Unemployment and debt were widespread.
France was war torn – farmland and factories were destroyed
Both countries were heavily in debt to the U.S.
The end of the war decreased a demand for goods.
British and French trade had decreased.
Tariffs discouraged worldwide trade
Unemployment and debt were widespread.
France was war torn – farmland and factories were destroyed
Both countries were heavily in debt to the U.S.
The Great Depression The Great Depression
The U.S. would soon sink into the depression.
Overproduction of manufactured goods
Less demand for raw materials
The stock market crash Banks and businesses
closed
The U.S. would soon sink into the depression.
Overproduction of manufactured goods
Less demand for raw materials
The stock market crash Banks and businesses
closed
Rise of FascismRise of Fascism
Fascism is rule by a dictatorial government that is ultra-nationalistic.
Characteristics include: Strong military Censorship Use of terror and violence Rule by dictator Strict discipline State control of the
economy
Fascism is rule by a dictatorial government that is ultra-nationalistic.
Characteristics include: Strong military Censorship Use of terror and violence Rule by dictator Strict discipline State control of the
economy
Rise of Nazism in GermanyRise of Nazism in Germany
The new Democratic government, known as the Weimer Republic, seemed incapable of meeting the people’s needs.
In Germany the unemployment rate was high.
Inflation rate was skyrocketing. $35 billion in reparations could
not be paid People looked to a strong leader
for drastic change.
The new Democratic government, known as the Weimer Republic, seemed incapable of meeting the people’s needs.
In Germany the unemployment rate was high.
Inflation rate was skyrocketing. $35 billion in reparations could
not be paid People looked to a strong leader
for drastic change.
Rise of Nazi IdealsRise of Nazi Ideals In 1921 Adolf Hitler gained control
of the Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi party)Nationalistic, anti-Semitic, anti-
communist, Anti-intellectual 1923 – Hitler was imprisoned
following a failed coup d’etat (Beer Hall Putsch)
Hitler realized he must take control using legal means.
Wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) while imprisoned describing his ambition for power. Jews are inferior German people belong to Aryan race Lebensraum (living space) in the West
In 1921 Adolf Hitler gained control of the Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi party)Nationalistic, anti-Semitic, anti-
communist, Anti-intellectual 1923 – Hitler was imprisoned
following a failed coup d’etat (Beer Hall Putsch)
Hitler realized he must take control using legal means.
Wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) while imprisoned describing his ambition for power. Jews are inferior German people belong to Aryan race Lebensraum (living space) in the West
The Situation in 1929The Situation in 1929
Germany relied on American money under the Dawes Plan to be able to pay for the Reparations.
When the American Stock Market crash on Wall Street, the USA stopped lending money to Germany.
The German economy went into recession. By January 1933, unemployment had
reached 6,000,000 or 30% of the population.
The Weimar Government couldn’t do anything to help the unemployed.
Germany relied on American money under the Dawes Plan to be able to pay for the Reparations.
When the American Stock Market crash on Wall Street, the USA stopped lending money to Germany.
The German economy went into recession. By January 1933, unemployment had
reached 6,000,000 or 30% of the population.
The Weimar Government couldn’t do anything to help the unemployed.
Germany 1933
Germany 1933
By 1930’s the Nazi party was the largest party in the Reichstag (German Parliament)
1933 – Hitler appointed Chancellor
Hitler was soon elected ‘Fuhrer’ on the promise to give the German people ‘Bread & Jobs.’
He began to set up a totalitarian state he called the Third Reich
By 1930’s the Nazi party was the largest party in the Reichstag (German Parliament)
1933 – Hitler appointed Chancellor
Hitler was soon elected ‘Fuhrer’ on the promise to give the German people ‘Bread & Jobs.’
He began to set up a totalitarian state he called the Third Reich
Hitler the DemagogueHitler the Demagogue Hitler was known for his power
to mesmerize a crowd with his speeches.
He blamed the Treaty of Versailles and the Jews for Germany’s problems.
“It was a huge hall and everyone was waiting for Hitler to arrive... I must say it was an electrifying atmosphere. Even before 1933 everybody was waiting for him as if he was a savior. Then he went to the podium. I remember it all went quiet, and he started to speak in his serious voice. Calm, slow, and then he got more and more enthusiastic. I must admit, I can't remember exactly what he actually said. But my impression afterwards was: this is a man who does not want anything for himself, but only thinks about how he can help the German people.”
Hitler was known for his power to mesmerize a crowd with his speeches.
He blamed the Treaty of Versailles and the Jews for Germany’s problems.
“It was a huge hall and everyone was waiting for Hitler to arrive... I must say it was an electrifying atmosphere. Even before 1933 everybody was waiting for him as if he was a savior. Then he went to the podium. I remember it all went quiet, and he started to speak in his serious voice. Calm, slow, and then he got more and more enthusiastic. I must admit, I can't remember exactly what he actually said. But my impression afterwards was: this is a man who does not want anything for himself, but only thinks about how he can help the German people.”
Hitler’s Economic PoliciesHitler’s Economic Policies
Public works projects were begun to put people back to work.The Autobahn highway
was built.Support for business and
industry.
Public works projects were begun to put people back to work.The Autobahn highway
was built.Support for business and
industry.
Impact of Hitler’s Policies on Unemployment
Impact of Hitler’s Policies on Unemployment
Mr. PopularityMr. Popularity In 1938 Adolph Hitler is
named Time magazines man of the year.
In 1938 Adolph Hitler is named Time magazines man of the year.
Nazi PropagandaNazi Propaganda
Books and Art writers, and composers
persuaded or forced to produce works in praise of Hitler
Books written by Jews, Communists, etc. were banned and many destroyed in public book burning in 1933
Jazz music banned because of its black origins
Books and Art writers, and composers
persuaded or forced to produce works in praise of Hitler
Books written by Jews, Communists, etc. were banned and many destroyed in public book burning in 1933
Jazz music banned because of its black origins
'The seed of peace, not dragon's teeth'
'Europe's Victory is Your Prosperity',
One People, One Nation, One Leader!
Long Live Germany
Eternal Jew
Nazi PropagandaNazi Propaganda Rallies and Olympic
GamesAnnual rally at
Nuremburg1936 Olympic Games at
Berlin, used as propaganda to showcase the Aryan race and German development.
American Jesse Owens stole the show.
Rallies and Olympic GamesAnnual rally at
Nuremburg1936 Olympic Games at
Berlin, used as propaganda to showcase the Aryan race and German development.
American Jesse Owens stole the show.
Nazi GermanyNazi Germany• Local rallies and
fund raising led by the Hitler Youth and local party organizations
• Posters used to promote Nazi ideals
• Local rallies and fund raising led by the Hitler Youth and local party organizations
• Posters used to promote Nazi ideals
Role of PropagandaRole of Propaganda
The Pressall non Nazi newspapers
and magazines were taken over or closed
all content was strictly controlled
The Pressall non Nazi newspapers
and magazines were taken over or closed
all content was strictly controlledRadio
All stations under state control. Cheap mass produced radios sold. Sets installed in cafes and factories. All Hitlers speeches broadcast.
JosephGoebbels
The Use of TerrorThe Use of Terror
The SS (Brown shirts)an elite group of
committed Nazischarged with internal
securityguarded concentration
campshunted political enemiescommanded by Heinrich
Himmler -Gestapo
The SS (Brown shirts)an elite group of
committed Nazischarged with internal
securityguarded concentration
campshunted political enemiescommanded by Heinrich
Himmler -Gestapo
Persecution of the JewsPersecution of the Jews
1934 - Jews banned from public places, parks, swimming pools etc.
Jews excluded from Government jobs
Jews forced to wear yellow badges on their clothing.
1934 - Jews banned from public places, parks, swimming pools etc.
Jews excluded from Government jobs
Jews forced to wear yellow badges on their clothing.
Persecution of the JewsPersecution of the Jews
1935 - The Nuremburg Laws 1 - The Reich Law on citizenship -
only those of German blood can be citizens, and have the right to vote.
2 - Law for the protection of German Blood and Honour - forbids marriage or sexual relations between Jews and German citizens
1935 - The Nuremburg Laws 1 - The Reich Law on citizenship -
only those of German blood can be citizens, and have the right to vote.
2 - Law for the protection of German Blood and Honour - forbids marriage or sexual relations between Jews and German citizens
Military RearmamentMilitary Rearmament
Hitler began to rebuild his army.
Thousands worked in munitions factories.
German army increased to 500,000 men.
Germany stopped paying reparations.
The League of Nations did nothing to stop him.
Hitler began to rebuild his army.
Thousands worked in munitions factories.
German army increased to 500,000 men.
Germany stopped paying reparations.
The League of Nations did nothing to stop him.
Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War Spanish Civil War broke
out in 1936. Socialists/Communists –
supported by the U.S.S.R.
Nationalists - Fascist General Francisco Franco – supported by Germany and Italy
Test run for the German war machine.
Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936.
Socialists/Communists – supported by the U.S.S.R.
Nationalists - Fascist General Francisco Franco – supported by Germany and Italy
Test run for the German war machine.
Persecution of the JewsPersecution of the Jews November 1938 Kristallnacht (night of broken
glass)A campaign is started
which last 3 days and targets Jewish shops, homes and synagogues.
90 killed 20,000 arrested and sent to concentration camps
November 1938 Kristallnacht (night of broken
glass)A campaign is started
which last 3 days and targets Jewish shops, homes and synagogues.
90 killed 20,000 arrested and sent to concentration camps
Persecution of the Jews Persecution of the Jews
1938-39 Forbidden to own radios and to buy cakes
and chocolate Jewish children excluded form schools and
Universities The professional activity of Jews is banned
or restricted - includes vets, doctors, dentists, accountants, teachers and nurses
Jews no longer allowed to run businesses and shops
1938-39 Forbidden to own radios and to buy cakes
and chocolate Jewish children excluded form schools and
Universities The professional activity of Jews is banned
or restricted - includes vets, doctors, dentists, accountants, teachers and nurses
Jews no longer allowed to run businesses and shops
Persecution of the JewsPersecution of the Jews
• Jews were gathered up into ghettos before being deported from Germany. Special SS groups formed to deal with the Jews.
• Jews were gathered up into ghettos before being deported from Germany. Special SS groups formed to deal with the Jews.
The Use of TerrorThe Use of Terror
Concentration Camps run by the SS to
detain enemies of the state
Prisoners, Jews, Gypsies, political enemies
By 1939 six camps were operating.
Concentration Camps run by the SS to
detain enemies of the state
Prisoners, Jews, Gypsies, political enemies
By 1939 six camps were operating.
Hitler’s AggressionHitler’s Aggression March 1936 - German troops reoccupy the
Rhineland in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Germany signed anti-Comintern Pact with Italy
and Japan forming the Axis Powers. France and England did nothing.
March 1936 - German troops reoccupy the Rhineland in violation of the Treaty of Versailles.
Germany signed anti-Comintern Pact with Italy and Japan forming the Axis Powers.
France and England did nothing.
Anschluss - Hitler Annexes Austria
Anschluss - Hitler Annexes Austria March 1938 –
Hitler sent troops into Austria proclaiming it part of Germany.
France and England did nothing.
March 1938 – Hitler sent troops into Austria proclaiming it part of Germany.
France and England did nothing.
AppeasementAppeasement Sept. 1938 Hitler demanded the Sudetenland
(border region where 3 million Germans lived), part of democratic Czechoslovakia.
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain met with Hitler at Munich to discuss.
Chamberlain gave Hitler the Sudetenland.
This became known as the Munich Agreement “peace in our time”.
Appeasement ( making concessions to an aggressor in order to maintain peace ) only encouraged Hitler.
Sept. 1938 Hitler demanded the Sudetenland
(border region where 3 million Germans lived), part of democratic Czechoslovakia.
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain met with Hitler at Munich to discuss.
Chamberlain gave Hitler the Sudetenland.
This became known as the Munich Agreement “peace in our time”.
Appeasement ( making concessions to an aggressor in order to maintain peace ) only encouraged Hitler.
The Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
The Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
August 1939 - Hitler and Stalin promised not to attack one another in the event of war.
They also agreed to spheres of influence in Eastern Europe.
Secret item – Division of Polish land
August 1939 - Hitler and Stalin promised not to attack one another in the event of war.
They also agreed to spheres of influence in Eastern Europe.
Secret item – Division of Polish land
Germany Invades Poland!!Germany Invades Poland!!
September 1, 1939 – the Germans unleash Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, on the Poles.
The U.S.S.R. invades and occupies eastern Poland
September 1, 1939 – the Germans unleash Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, on the Poles.
The U.S.S.R. invades and occupies eastern Poland
ßß
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