RESEARCH PROPOSALTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND INFERTILITY
Fathiya Shariff Public Health Research Methods
Introduction/ Background Problem Statement Literature Review Research Question Foundational Model Purpose of the Study Design/Methodologies/ Variables Types of Analysis Conclusion
Introduction and Background
Fertility can be negatively impacted by obesity in both men and women.
In women it brings menstrual problems, does not allow ovulation and pregnancies usually result in miscarriages
Infertility in obese men may be the accumulation of fat tissue in the suprapubic and thigh region, causing elevated scrotal temperatures that may have detrimental effects on the sperms.
Introduction/Background
A study that helps couples who are obese to be healthy and lose weight before seeking fertility treatments is ideal for this research
An In vitro fertilization treatment known as IVF is nearly 15,000 dollars and cannot be afforded easily.
Introduction/Background
Studies have shown the relationship between obesity and infertility
When the women lost the weight it was easy for them to get pregnant, their self-esteem improved and it was also easy to keep the pregnancy without a miscarriage as was the case in most obese women.
Loosing weight does not help people with underlying health issues like fibroids, polycystic ovarian syndrome, polyps and low sperm count which affect fertility.
Problem Statement
Types of Study Reviewed Randomized and Non Randomized Women and Men Nutritional and Weight loss Dietician, Therapist and Infertility specialist
Literature Review
This study centered on preventing heart disease; however, the structure was directed toward obesity prevention and increasing physical activity
The research study criteria was infertility for over 2 years
Not being able to ovulate (BMI) 2=30, patent Fallopian tubes. Being prepared to take 6 months time out'
from conventional medical treatment for infertility.
Literature Review
The results indicate that lifestyle modification through exercise and sensible eating patterns can lead to improved reproductive function. These changes occurred with minimal weight loss, which is encouraging for women who have constantly failed to achieve reproductive success on a variety of short term low calorie diets.
Literature Review
Total Articles From SearchTwenty Five
Articles CategorizedTen
RandomizedFive
Non-RandomizedFive
Men Only
Studies
Four
Men and WomenStudies
None
Women Only
Studies
Two
Men Only Studies
Two
Men and Women Studies
None
Women Only
Six
Nutrition OnlyOne
Nutrition and Exercisesix
Nutrition OnlyTwo
Nutrition and Exercise
Eight
Does good nutrition and exercise help increase chances of ovulation in women hence increasing chances of getting pregnant
Does the fat in obese men increase temperatures that is bad for the sperms hence lowering the sperm count, mobility and mobility.
Research Questions
Exercise & Good Nutrition
Foundational Model
Increased chances
of fertility
Dietician Assistance in Preparing Healthy Meals
Therapist to Assist with the psychological effects of infertility
Objectives The purpose of this study is to view the
relationship between obesity and infertility and to determine if loosing weight assisted
Ovulation Pregnancy Increased sperm count, mobility and
motility. Reduced Miscarriages.
Purpose of this Study
AIM- The Aim of this Research Study is lifestyle modification through exercise and sensible eating patterns can lead to improved reproductive function.
GOAL-The goal is weight loss and improved fertility with the assistance of dieticians, physical activity and a therapist.
Expected Outcome- Improved fertility through ovulation and pregnancies.
Purpose of this Study.
Lifestyle Change- The knowledge and education they learn should help them live healthier lives for themselves and the children they bring into this world.
Purpose of this Study
It was difficult to find studies that included both men and women so 3 studies were used which only had men or men.
18 Women consented to take part in the first study The women had been patients of the fertility clinic at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital for an average of 2 years and all had been treated previously.
Effects of being overweight and obesity on semen parameters and endocrine hormones in human males of the reproductive age was the 2nd study
The third study was for women who could not ovulate due to obesity.
Design and Methodologies
In the three study groups a treatment format emphasizing gradual dietary changes in conjunction with regular exercise was used .
The therapeutic team consisted of two infertility specialists and a psychiatrist
With experience in the treatment of obesity, a physiotherapist and a dietician.
A questionnaire was given at the end of the treatment for additional information and improvements.
Design and Methodologies
Dependent Variable◦ The dependent variables used were based on
obesity and infertility◦ A. Ovulation◦ B. Pregnancy◦ C. Dietary behaviors◦ D. Lifestyle Changes
Design and Methodologies
2 Statistical methods was used for the research studyPaired t-testAnalysis of Variance tests
The outcome was to determine the number of women who were able to ovulate and get pregnant.
Types of Analysis
There was a significant weight loss for the women who attended the program over the 6 months.
Those who had not conceived 9months after the end of the program continued to lose weight.
The profile of overweight and obese men clearly affects their semen parameters and testosterone levels.
Conclusion
1st study 2nd Study 3rd Study0
5
10
15
20
25
30
WomenMenPregnancy
Conclusion
Cabler, S., Agarwal, A., Flint, M., & Du Plessis, S. S. (2010). Obesity: modern man’s fertility nemesis. Asian J Androl, 12(4), 480-9.
Clark, A. M., Ledger, W., Galletly, C., Tomlinson, L., Blaney, F., Wang, X., & Norman, R. J. (1995). Weight loss results in significant improvement in pregnancy and ovulation rates in anovulatory obese women. Human Reproduction, 10(10), 2705-2712.
Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E., & Bergiele, A. (2001). The influence of obesity on hyperandrogenism and infertility in the female. Obesity reviews, 2(4), 231-238.
FEDORCSÁK, P., STORENG, R., DALE, P. O., Tanbo, T. O. M., & ÅBYHOLM, T. (2000). Obesity is a risk factor for early pregnancy loss after IVF or ICSI. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 79(1), 43-48.
Gao, Q., Wolfgang, M. J., Neschen, S., Morino, K., Horvath, T. L., Shulman, G. I., & Fu, X. Y. (2004). Disruption of neural signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 causes obesity, diabetes, infertility, and thermal dysregulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(13), 4661-4666.
Hammoud, A. O., Gibson, M., Peterson, C. M., Meikle, A. W., & Carrell, D. T. (2008). Impact of male obesity on infertility: a critical review of the current literature. Fertility and sterility, 90(4), 897-904.
Handel, L. N., Shetty, R., & Sigman, M. (2006). The relationship between varicoceles and obesity. The Journal of urology, 176(5), 2138-2140.
Hofny, E. R., Ali, M. E., Abdel-Hafez, H. Z., Kamal, E. E. D., Mohamed, E. E., Abd El-Azeem, H. G., & Mostafa, T. (2010). Semen parameters and hormonal profile in obese fertile and infertile males. Fertility and sterility, 94(2), 581-584.
Huber-Buchholz, M. M., Carey, D. G. P., & Norman, R. J. (1999). Restoration of Reproductive Potential by Lifestyle Modification in Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Insulin Sensitivity and Luteinizing Hormone 1. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 84(4), 1470-1474.
Jensen, T. K., Andersson, A. M., Jørgensen, N., Andersen, A. G., Carlsen, E., Petersen, J., & Skakkebæk, N. E. (2004). Body mass index in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormonesamong 1,558 Danish men. Fertility and sterility, 82(4), 863-870.
References
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References
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