THE NEED, THE MANDATE, THE
SOLUTION
THE NEED, THE MANDATE, THE
SOLUTION
AIR MANAGEMENT
Salt Lake Valley Fire Training Alliance
NEED
Interventionvs
Prevention
Interventionvs
Prevention
Worcester, MA
• One of the lost teams from Rescue 1 radios command that, “We need air, we need air. I’m sharing a tank off me right now. We are lost…”
• 4 of the 6 firefighters died of “inhalation of smoke, soot, and hot gases.”
• One of the lost teams from Rescue 1 radios command that, “We need air, we need air. I’m sharing a tank off me right now. We are lost…”
• 4 of the 6 firefighters died of “inhalation of smoke, soot, and hot gases.”
Worcester, MA
When Were We Taught To Leave The Fire Building?
• Recruit training
• 30-minute cylinder low-air warning alarm time
• These assumptions are completely wrong
• Recruit training
• 30-minute cylinder low-air warning alarm time
• These assumptions are completely wrong
Where Are Most of Our Fires?
• Single-family dwellings or apartment houses
• Common characteristics?
• These fires have dictated how we train to use our SCBAs
• Single-family dwellings or apartment houses
• Common characteristics?
• These fires have dictated how we train to use our SCBAs
Commercial Structures, Ships & Large Structures
• How do these differ from residential occupancies?
• Firefighters cannot assume that they can work until their low-air warning alarm activates
• How do these differ from residential occupancies?
• Firefighters cannot assume that they can work until their low-air warning alarm activates
Working Into Your Low-Air Warning Alarm
• Has cost some firefighters their lives
• Close Calls are happening every day
• Has cost some firefighters their lives
• Close Calls are happening every day
Near Miss Case Studies
Chris Yob Case Study
Video link available at
www.manageyourair.com
Look for “Firefighter Survival Video” Link
SMART Drill #60-01Download at
www.manageyourair.com
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
SMART Drill #60-01
SMART Drill #60-01
MANDATE
History as Teacher
• SCBA is first introduced – resistance, change, positive result?
• NIOSH report and Pass and Integrated Pass Devices
• NIOSH report and Air Management
• Change in Behavior instead of technology
History as Teacher
Behaviorvs
Technology
NFPA 1404 Standard for Fire Service Respiratory Protection Training
NFPA 1404 states:
Training SHALL include:
• Identification of the various types
• Proper face piece fit• When to use• Emergency procedures
NFPA 1404 Standard for Fire Service Respiratory Protection Training
Training SHALL include:
NEW:Identification of the factors that affect
the duration of the air supply.
Individual Air Management Program1. Exit BEFORE reserve air use.2. Low air alarm = reserve air use.3. Low air alarm = IMMEDIATE ACTION
ITEM
NFPA 1404 - 2007 ed.
EFFECTIVEJanuary 1, 2007Are YOU compliant?
Bret Tarver Case Study
• The Southwest Supermarket was constructed in 1956, and was 20,123 square feet
• Steel columns and beams with open-web steel trusses
• Panelized plywood roof
Bret Tarver Case Study
• How many of you have buildings like this in your district?
• The fire started as a debris fire outside the building
• Occupied structure – a righteous entry
Bret Tarver Case Study
Tarver:
Low air
Disoriented
Lost
Out of air
Removes face-piece
Bret Tarver Case Study
• 2 other firefighters run out of air
• There are 12 other “Maydays”
• Tarver dies from CO poisoning
• As a result, PFD adopt an Air Management policy
SMART Drill #60-02Download at
www.manageyourair.com
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
Entry
Wall Breach - 4’section
Nozzle with bail secured closed
Pallets/Debris
Barrels/Debris
Instructors safe area, sheet rock storage
Light Stick
Light Stick
Light Stick
Light Stick
Department standard length 1 3/4” charged line.
SOLUTION
The Rule Of Air Management
Know how much air you have in your SCBA, and manage that air so that you leave the hazardous environment before your low-air warning alarm activates
Know how much air you have in your SCBA, and manage that air so that you leave the hazardous environment before your low-air warning alarm activates
The ROAM says:
Firefighters and SCUBA Divers
• What do firefighters in an IDLH environment and SCUBA divers under water have in common?
• SCUBA training
• Dive Masters
• Fire Service applications
• What do firefighters in an IDLH environment and SCUBA divers under water have in common?
• SCUBA training
• Dive Masters
• Fire Service applications
Near Miss Case Studies
MacDougall Case Study
Video link available at
www.manageyourair.com
Look for “Firefighter Survival Video” Link
“MacDougal Link”
Low-Air Warning Alarm
• If you went to a fire right now
• Do you react?
• False alarm mentality kills firefighters
• Working into your low-air warning alarm -- you are betting your life that everything will go right on your way out of the IDLH environment
• If you went to a fire right now
• Do you react?
• False alarm mentality kills firefighters
• Working into your low-air warning alarm -- you are betting your life that everything will go right on your way out of the IDLH environment
The ROAM says
Know how much air you have in your SCBA, and manage that air so that you leave the hazardous environment before your low-air warning alarm activates
Know how much air you have in your SCBA, and manage that air so that you leave the hazardous environment before your low-air warning alarm activates
ROAM
• The Rule of Air Management holds true for any fire building or hazardous atmosphere. Firefighters must follow this rule at all times:
bread-and-butter room fireshouse firesapartment house firescommercial fireshigh rise firesship firesconfined space rescuesat any incident where you are wearing your SCBA
• The Rule of Air Management holds true for any fire building or hazardous atmosphere. Firefighters must follow this rule at all times:
bread-and-butter room fireshouse firesapartment house firescommercial fireshigh rise firesship firesconfined space rescuesat any incident where you are wearing your SCBA
ROAM
• The Rule of Air Management sounds simple, but it takes discipline
• The ROAM is the new, basic firefighting skill
• The Rule of Air Management sounds simple, but it takes discipline
• The ROAM is the new, basic firefighting skill
SMART Drill #60-03Download at
www.manageyourair.com
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
First Floor
Entry Door
UP
Instructor Area
200’ of 2 ½” Hose to second floor.
Instructor area
1 ¾” Hose, laid, charged, nozzle secured closed.
Backup Line, 200’ of 1 ¾” hose with nozzle secured closed
SMART Drill #60-03
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
S Sixty
M Minutes
A Available for
R Real
T Training
Change = Resistance = Change
• The ROAM has been used by the Dive industry for decades
• Fire Departments in England and Hong Kong are serious about Air Management
• The ROAM may take time to implement in your department
• Train as if you life depends on it
• The ROAM has been used by the Dive industry for decades
• Fire Departments in England and Hong Kong are serious about Air Management
• The ROAM may take time to implement in your department
• Train as if you life depends on it
Like to Gamble?
• Remember, close calls are happening every day in the US fire service due to the lack of air management
• If you fail to follow the Rule of Air Management and work into your reserve air, working until your low-air alarm activates…
“You are betting your life” that nothing will go wrong on your way out.
manageyourair.comSpecial Thanks
“The Seattle Guys”
• Allan Simmons Productions/Firestorm Videos www.firestormvideos.com
• Pete Smith of Venture Mediawww.venture-media.com
• David Jensen from Pelican Products
• Scott Krushak, Phoenix Fire Department
Special Thanks“The Seattle Guys”
• Allan Simmons Productions/Firestorm Videos www.firestormvideos.com
• Pete Smith of Venture Mediawww.venture-media.com
• David Jensen from Pelican Products
• Scott Krushak, Phoenix Fire Department