The Nazi HolocaustThe Nazis’ genocide of Jews
Contents
Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust Jews living in Europe Germany and anti-Semitism Reasons for the Holocaust The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy The Ghettos Camps/ Auschwitz& Birkenau Liberation & Beyond References
Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust
Genocide: The Holocaust:
any of the following acts committedwith intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic,racial or religious group
the Nazis’ systematic genocide of among 6 million Jews during 1938-1945
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/index.html http://www.holocaust-education.dk/holocaust/hvadhvemhvor.asp
Jews living in Europe
http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazigenmaps.htm
http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/j_maps.htm
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Jews living in Europe
1st: map of the age of the European Jewish communities in 1939. Most of them including Germany have existed for many years.
2nd: map of Jewish population in 1939 in Europe.
Germany and anti-Semitism anti Jewish sentiment the Nazis used to carry
out the persecution & later extermination of the European Jews
http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp
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http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp
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Germany and anti-Semitism
1st: Caricature of Jews’ preference for money and power in Germany.
2nd: Jews persecuted and murdered in the Middle Ages.
3rd: Pseudo-scientific measuring to define the Jews as inferior, threatening the purity of the German, master race.
Germany and anti-Semitism
4th: The ‘stab-in-the-back’ legend: The Jews got blamed for Germany’s defeat in World WarⅠ.
5th: Caricature depicting Jews threatening Europe, causing economic crisis in 1930s.
6th: Malevolent caricature even appeared on the children’s books.
Reasons for the Holocaust
It’s fundamentally based on Anti-Semitism (hostility toward the difference in religion & Jews taking over the money lending business)
Economic: Nazis confiscated property of Jews and sent it into the Treasury of the State to recover from economic crisis.
http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?d1id=6&dir_id=607&eid=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030
Reasons for the Holocaust
Military: Nazis developed the military employing SA&SS, buying war supplies, conscripting the army through property confiscated from Jews.
Political: using hatred of Jews, induced dissatisfaction of German society to it of Jews, justified the dictatorship of Hitler, evoked the pride of racial identity.
The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy
1933-34: Boycott of Jewish stores & the Jews are not allowed to work as: civil servants, professors, journalists, artists
1930's: Physical attacks on Jewish property and people
1935-39: Jewish property is confiscated, Jews had to emigrate from Germany
1939-40: Ghettos are established in Poland
1941: The first organized mass murders (by shooting)& the first gassings (using gassing trucks), Gas chambers and crematoria under construction
1942: Extermination camps are established and Jews are deported there.
http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp#Nazisterne%20og%20antisemitisme.asp
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/n_maps.htm
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-boycott.htm
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The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy
1st: Nazis’ racism in Jews was soon accepted by many Germans.
2nd: Nazi storm troopers block the entrance to a Jewish-owned store.
3rd: Adolf Hitler salutes SS troops on parade while SS Leader Himmler watches.
The Ghettos
http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazigenmaps.htm
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
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The Ghettos
1st: map of Jewish Ghettos in Europe.
2nd: Jews in Vienna forced to scrub sidewalks.
3rd: Jewish children in the Lodz Ghetto on their way toward the Chelmno Extermination Camp.
Camps
Concentration camps (1933-1945) imprisoned people in camps because of their “otherness”
or in order to use them for forced labor; many purposes
Extermination camps (1941-1945)
were constructed with one purpose: to mass murder
Jews and others (six extermination camps , 3 million Jews were killed)
» Combined camps: Auschwitz-Birkenau http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre/
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/
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http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/eur78940.htm
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http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-dach-early.htm http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-warsaw.htm
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http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-einz-42.htm
http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre/udryddelseslejre.asp
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http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/resource/gallery/CampMisc.htm
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Camps
1st: map of concentration and extermination camps
2nd: map of deportations to extermination camps in occupied Poland; Jews from Germany& German-occupied Europe were deported.
Camps
3rd: A prisoner in Dachau wearing a triangle patch identification on his chest.
4th: A chart of prisoner triangle identification markings used in Nazi concentration camps for guards to easily see which type of prisoner was.
5th: Jewish families arrested in Warsaw Ghetto to be gassed at Treblinka extermination camp.
Camps
6th: The last Jew left alive at Vinica, Ukraine is about to be shot by SS man, as he kneels on the edge of a mass grave.
7th: Bodies are burned in Auschwitz in the summer of 1944.
8th: Crematory.
Auschwitz& Birkenau
functioned as a concentration camp & became the largest killing center
more than 1 million Jews were gassed to death
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-ausch-air.htm http://www.holocaust.com.au/mm/c_flowchart.htm
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Auschwitz& Birkenau
1st: Aerial view of Auschwitz-Birkenau taken by the U.S. Army
2nd: Aerial view of Birkenau extermination camp
Auschwitz& Birkenau
3rd: When the victims arrived to the extermination
camps in overcrowded trains, men are separated from women (among survivors); the first to be gassed were the men. The SS chose those able to work, while those unable to work were sent to the gas chambers or shot. Their belongings& valuables were handed over before death or those still alive searched the bodies for after death.
Liberation & Beyond
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-poss.htm
http://www.holocaust.com.au/lb/dm_deathtoll.htm
Liberation & Beyond
1st: map of the number of Jews murdered in Nazi-dominated Europe between 1939-1945.
2nd: An enormous pile of clothing taken from children who were gassed at Auschwitz.
Liberation & Beyond
3rd: Bales of hair shaven from women at Auschwitz, used to make felt-yarn.
4th: A stash of gold wedding rings taken from victims at Buchenwald.
References
http://www.historyplace.com http://www.holocaust.com.au http://www.holocaust-education.dk http://www.ushmm.org http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/
Nazigenmaps.htm www.auschwitz.dk http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/games/
nazi_genocide_timeline/noflash.shtml http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?
d1id=6&dir_id=607&eid=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030