Lao PDR
The facilitative sharing of views
(FSV) workshop, COP 26
November 2021
Background
Summary of BUR1
Challenges of Preparation of BUR1
Lesson learned in ICA process
Outline
❖Laos submitted the first and the second NatCom in 2000 and 2013.
❖The first BUR was submitted on 28 July 2020, including 5 chapters and 1 Annex:• Chapter 1: National circumstances• Chapter 2: National greenhouse gas inventory• Chapter 3: Mitigation actions and effects• Chapter 4: Domestic MRV• Chapter 5: Constraints and gaps, financial, technical- technology
and capacity needs and support received • Annex 1 : Information on the REDD+ activity (Reported has septate
document)
Background information
Figure 1. Map of Lao PDR
• Geographical and physical
context
• Natural resources
• Environment
• National socio-economy
• Institutional arrangements
National circumstances
Department of Climate Change
Project Management
Inventory
Task Force
Mitigation
Task Force
Cross-cutting
Task Force
UNEP
MRV
Task Force
National Consultant
Project coordinators of BUR1
21 Members from line ministries/agencies
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE)
Technical Working Group
Institutional arrangement
3,729.42 ; 15%
1,151.89 ; 5%
18,793.41 ; 78%
425.26 ; 2%
24,099.98
GgCO2eq
1 - Energy
2 - Industrial Processes and Product Use
3 - Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use
4 - Waste
Figure 2. Total Emissions in 2014 in Lao PDR
• The net emissions was 24,099.98 GgCO2eq
• AFOLU, especially forest remaining forest,
crop land remaining cropland and lands
converted to forest had a capacity to
remove emissions equivalent to about
13,000 Gg. AFOLU sector had net
emissions of 18,793.41 GgCO2eq, which
was the largest sources of emissions,
accounting for about 78% of the total
emissions.
• Second largest source of emissions was
Energy Sector, which emitted 3,729.42
GgCO2eq (15%). The rest, IPPU and Waste
shared 5% and 2%, respectively.
GHG inventory in 2014
Sectors Mitigation Measures Objectives CO2 Reduction
Potential
Forestry
• Maintains the existing forest and carbon including
preventing deforestation and forest degradation as well as
avoid conversion of forest to other land use and illegal
logging
• Expands forest and carbon sink by afforestation,
reforestation, enhanced regeneration, agroforestry urban
and green landscape
• Promotes and maintains sustainable forest and non-timber
forest product (NTFP) management including harvesting
and efficiency
• Increased efficiency of forest resources including wood and
non-timber forest products processing and utilization
• Forest cover increased to 70% of
land area or 16.58 million hectares
by 2020
• 50% of the protection and
conservation forest are well-
prevented and managed by 2030
• Slash and burnt agricultural
reduced by 15% by 2030
• 500,000 ha of plantation
established by 2020
• Establish a park per
community
(population>100,000) by 2030
60,000- 69,000
ktCO2
Agriculture • Promote conservation and integrated agriculture
• Promote precise farming
• Promote restoration of degrade farmlands and soils, and
enhance soil conservation
• Improve livestock feed and feeding
• Enhance animal manure management and biogas
development
No specific or qualitative target or calculation of
emissions reduction potentials
Key climate mitigation measures and goals
Sectors Mitigation Measures Objectives CO2 Reduction
Potential
Energy
Increase access to electricity Electricity is available to 90% of household in rural
area by 202063 ktCO2e/pa by 2020
Promote renewable energy Build large (>15 MW) hydropower plants to provide
clean electricity to neighbouring countries. 16,284 ktCO2e/pa
(2020-30)
• Renewable energy shares 30% of energy
consumption by 2025.
• 10% of the fuel use in transport sector replaced
by biofuel by 2025
• 58 MW from biomass
• 51 MW from biogas
• 48 MW from solar power
• 73 MW from wind power
• 36 MW from municipal solid waste
1,468,000 ktCO2e
by 2025
Promote energy conservation and
efficiency in all sectors
• Energy saving by 10% by 2030
• Increased energy use efficiency by 10%
by 2025
No calculation of
emissions reduction
potentials
Promote environmentally friendly and
low carbon technologies
No specific or qualitative target and calculation of emissions
reduction potentials
Key climate mitigation measures and goals
Sectors Mitigation Measures Objectives CO2 Reduction
Potential
Transport • Promote low-emission transportation 15% of the emissions in transport sector
reduced by 2030
• Reduce number of KM travelled by all
vehicles
No specific or qualitative target 33 ktCO2e/pa
• Increase use of public transport No specific or qualitative target 158 ktCO2e/pa
Industry • Promote deployment of ISO14001 No specific or qualitative target and or calculation of
emissions reduction potentials • Promote clean and green industries
Waste
Management
• Promote 3Rs practices
• Promote waste-to-energy No specific or qualitative target and or calculation
of emissions reduction potentials
Key climate mitigation measures and goals
Sectors Mitigation Measures Objectives CO2 Reduction
Potential
Natural
resources and
environment
Enhanced solid waste management including
promoting 3Rs practices
• 15% of chemical and hazardous
solid waste reduced by 2030,
and 15% of solid waste reduced
in 18 towns of the provinces
• 18 landfills through the country
are improved and standardized.
No calculation of
emissions
reduction potentials
Promote deployment of environmental
management system (EMS) in all sectors
• Promote deployment of ISO1400
Promote sustainable and low emission
transportation
• 15% of the emissions in transport
sector reduced by 2030
Enhance climate change mitigation • Emissions reduce from 0.15
(2015) to less than 0.6 by 2025
and <1.2 t/cap/yr. by 2030
Enhance conservation of wetland No specific or qualitative target and calculation of
emissions reduction potentials
Key climate mitigation measures and goals
Domestic MRV
Lao PDR has not a harmonised or inclusive MRV system and a standard procedures
Lao PDR has planned to carry out MRV of GHGs, mitigation actions and effects, and
supports received in three level such as: National, Sectoral and Programme/Project
base on the existing domestic processes, arrangements, and systems, and sectoral
approaches.
CONSTRAINTS, GAPS, NEEDS AND SUPPORT RECEIVED
Key constraints, gaps for climate change mitigation:
✓ High cost and inadequate financial resources to invest in mitigation technologies or actions, especially clean, renewable energy, and low emission technologies
✓ Lack of financial incentives for mitigation
✓ Variable carbon credit and market including low price
✓ Unclear and incomplete legal and regulatory framework among line ministries concerned and Ineffective law enforcement
✓ Ineffective organizational arrangement including organizational planning and reporting system and procedure.
✓ Insufficient information on technical, financial and economic, social-culture, environmental aspects and effects of mitigation technologies
CONSTRAINTS, GAPS, NEEDS AND SUPPORT RECEIVED
Financial and technical support receivedImplement renewables development strategy and NAMAs
Implement policies on energy conservation and efficiency
Implement Forestry and REDD strategy including upscaling
REDD+ programmes and result base payment (more details
are in annex)
Implement sustainable and low carbon transportation
strategy and NAMAs
Implement sustainable and low carbon and or smart city
strategy and plan
Implement clean and green industry strategy including
environmental management system (ISO 14000)
Implement national strategy on climate change
Implement the national green growth strategy
Prepare and implement NC and BUR
Prepare and implement technology transfer including
technology needs assessment and action plan
Natural resources and environment strategy and
Mitigation action indented in the 9th national socioeconomic
development plan.
Financial and technical support needs for
mitigation
Just over US$ 223 million in ODA flows supported
climate change projects in Lao PDR in 2013-2014 and The
majority of the support are in the forestry sector
US$ 1.5 billion
Mitigation Mitigation and adaptation
Directly
33%
Both 20%
✓ Lao PDR not has mandate/regulation for related agencies onproviding and collecting data✓ No proper a data management system for archiving the data
for inventory calculation and Mitigation analysis.✓ Domestic MRV not system yet✓ Human resources and capacities of local researchers among
related agencies✓ Coordination among relevant institutions✓Understanding on climate change reporting process✓ Limited government experts for climate change ✓ Limited financial supporting
Challenges of preparation of BUR1
✓Challenges:
• Learning by doing for participation in BUR/ICA process
• Participation and availability of all relevant experts
• Technical capacity and coordination among institutions and experts involved
• Time constraints and different time zone.
• Ensuring adequate preparations for FSV Q&As
✓Needs for improvement:• Establish process for quick responses to TTE
• Institutional arrangement for ICA process (domestic ICA team)
• Capacity building (in-country trainings on ICA preparation)
Lesson learned in ICA process
Thank you
Department of Climate Change Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Lao PDRTel: +85621 255932www.monre.gov.la