TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Shashidhar Venkatesh Murthy B.Sc, MBBS, MD(path), GCTT, MBA(Edu), IFCAP
Associate Professor & Head of PathologyJames Cook University, School of Medicine & Dentistry.
QLD 4811 - AUSTRALIA
Effective teaching of Pathology in a Rural Medical School, using Technology Enhanced Cognitive Scaffolding (TECS).
Concept for a new education model.
JCU Innovation….!
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Pathology Teaching: Challenges
KnowledgeSkills. - Lab, micro, gross*
Assessment - Lab, micro, gross*
Support ...?
Students ***
Staff 16 2
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
At Manipal University, India (23 Jan 2010)
Pathology (& Other) StaffAcademic, Full time, on campus
Dr. KRNMy prof. & VC
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
At JCU SOMD, Australia (12 Aug 2010)
Pathology (& Other) StaffAcademic, Full time, on campus
1 Pathologist & 1 Microbiologist…..!
. . . the dream of “global educational opportunity for everyone on earth” is impossible if education is visualized as it always has existed in recent centuries: a school-room with a teacher and students , an impossible model for world education at the beginning of a newmillennium. . . . we need a completely new plan and vision for worldwide access to education at all levels, if the next century is to see a quantum leap in educational opportunities everywhere.
Obviously, this is a great challenge and no easy task.
-- Theodore Hesburgh,in John Templeton, ed.,Looking Forward: The Next Forty Years (1993)
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Degeneration& Regenerationof Pathology….!
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Teach Pract. AssessSupp.
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
LECTURALGIA(Painful lecture)
“Syndrome experienced by members of the lectured-to audience”
Frequent cause of morbidity for both teachers and learners…
McLaughlin K, Mandin H. – Medical Education 2001; 35:1135-1142
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
• Poor judgement; • Poor organization; • Poor delivery• Pathology…!
Causes of Lecturalgia
Pathology The Foundation of medicine
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
• 2002 – Online teaching resources.• 2005 - Online self evaluation. (Quiz)• 2006 – Digital Pathology museum.• 2007 – Electronic Student Response ESRS.• 2008 – Digital Microscopy - Online slides.• 2009 – “Winners Club” - Cognitive Scaffolding. • 2010 – Quick Pathology Review for Clinicians *• 2011 - New concept education module *
New Ideas: 1988 2010...contd.
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Delivering Knowledge:
• Challenges:– Complex, lab stuff, Basic, Boring, get over it!– But it Important… !
• Solutions: …First step - Scrap old curriculum…!– Integrated Clinical Pathology Curriculum. CPC*– Problem/Scenario based learning (SBL)– Pathology as a tool to
understand & solve clinical problems
Weekly CPCMD4020 – Sep 2010 • Integrated Clinical
Pathology• Detailed teaching
outline to tutors (clinicians).
• Clear Learning Objectives.
• Major & Minor CLI’s • Self assessment –
Keepads, quiz (print & Online)
• Regular feedback from tutors and students.
Basic Science review(SELF study)
Gross Specimens – Digital Museum (2006)
Laboratory session:
Video recording & streaming
Video recording & Webcasting
Digi.Microscopy:
Microscopy Tutorial without Microscope..!
(First in Australia) *
Classroom Soft. + Digital Pathology..!
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Did they understand..?
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Electronic Student Response System: ESRS Electronic Student Response System(ESRS) - 2007
59y Male, obese, Diabetic patient presents to ER with sudden severe chest pain, This is the specimen of his Aorta. What is the diagnosis ?
1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0
16
2
1. Atheromatous plaque.
2. Thrombosis on plaque.
3. Fusiform aneurysm.
4. Dissecting aneurysm.
5. Berry aneurysm.
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…ESRS: Promotes Serious Learning…
ESRS: Interactive & deep learning
ESRS: Instant Student Feedback…!
They didn’t get it…!
ESRS: Feedback: Satisfaction at last.….(?)
Few need more help...!
*
*
“is what a teacher does when working with a student to solve a problem, carry out a task, or achieve a goal which would be beyond his unassisted efforts”
- Wood, Bruner, & Ross, 1976
….. inquiry as a matter of steps or phases conducted in succession or in cycles expressed in terms of expected student cognition….
Romberg & Carpenter, 1986.
Cognitive scaffolding… Winners Club*(Individualized support for weak…)
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Winners Club: (Technology enhanced cognitive scaffolding)
• Identifying Weak students – ESRS.
• Identifying specific needs – Interview.
• Motivation, Guidance – Mentoring.
• Monitoring progress – Feedback, ESRS.
• Celebrate Win….!
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Teacher’s Role:• Inform
• Influence
• Inspire*“Mentoring is transformational because it’s not just about
behaviour, it’s about a change of heart.” Ellis A. Ingram, MD, FCAP
Only in a class room.. !
You are the stone, You are the chisel, and You are the sculpture….!
www.akshardham.com
Take the Y4 Challenge….!
Jan 2009:
4th Year Students at JCU School of Medicine set new record.…!!!100% Pass & Class Average of >70%99% Pass & Class Average 68%
Highest
There is no limit to what we can achieve..!Osama…or ..Obama….!
Yes We Can…!
Thank You
Will the class room survive..?
Yes...Until technology develops personality....!
http://www.jcu.edu.au/path/Index.htmlhttp://www.jcu.edu.au/path/Index.html
How about a….??Comprehensive
online Pathology course…
Online Pathology Course…
Winners Club
ESRS-Feedback
Digital Path Museum
Digital Path Lab
Lecture+Podcast
Web resources
Staff support <10%
SWOT Analysis:• Strengths:
– JCU has Infrastructure, motivation & support (SOMD)• Weakness:
– New technology, new concept – prone for change.– High Initial cost – IT, resources, staff.
• Opportunities:– Lack of efficient basic science education – Opportunity * – Concept courses: Medicine, Allied health, Science…. Etc.– JCU could market to other universities… global Leader *
• Threats:– Competition - Global – Staff retention, dependency *
JCU
Projects in Pathology:
• Digital Pathology Web slides in teaching pathology In collaboration with IOWA University, USA.
• Online Virtual Pathology museum in teaching Undergraduate Pathology.
• Winners Club: Cognitive Scaffolding to support weak students.
• Authors Club: Team motivation to stimulate good students.
• Pathology department web: http://www.jcu.edu.au/path/Index.html
TECS: Cognitive Scaffolding…
Sample Lecture from Medscape CME:
• Multimedia enhanced Lecture.• Dynamic Interactivity.• Interactive learning assessment.• Feedback & Support.
http://cme.medscape.com/viewarticle/703121