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Technical aspects of technology transfer from Germany to India
concerning waste water treatment plant
Presented by: Alex Tagbo
Shashank Giridhar Sunil Kumar
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Type of wastewater treatment plantThis plant is a decentralized one since
chennai is a very large city.The plant is designed to serve 55000 people.It is a pilot project and its main purpose is
research and development.The water from the plant is sent to the river
or could later be processed to drinking water.
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Principles of biological elimination of pollution
Elimination of organic matter org. C + O2 →Biomass + CO2 +H2O
Nitrification NH4 →NO3 / NO2
Denitrification NO3 / NO2→N2
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Technical realization of the principle
In the first process we eliminate carbon.The second step is the nitrificaton process
where ammonia is converted into nitrogen di- oxide and nitrogen tri-oxide.
The next stage is the denitrification process, where nitrogen di-oxide and tri-oxide are converted into nitrogen gas.
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ATV 131ATV means Abwassertechnische Vereinigung that is wastewater technical association in
English.
Using ATV 131, we can meet the achievable minimum effluent requirement which correspond with the requirements of the of the German waste water ordinance.
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Main objective of ATV 131Technical regulations for the selection of the
most practical procedure for carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous removal and for the dimensioning of the essential components and facilities of the plant.
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Allgemeine AbwasserVerwaltungvorschrift uber die
Mindestanforderungen an das Einleiten von Abwasser in Gewasser .
English translation of the above sentence is “Administrative rules concerning the discharge of waste water into water bodies based on minimum requirements”.
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Procedure for planning and dimensioning using ATVDesign criteria : flow rates and loads for different design
cases,effluent requirements
Other design constraints : area,subsoil,hyraulics etc
Selection of the process,required sludge age,assumption of sludge volume index
Design of the secondary settling tank
Design of the biological reactor
Optimum matching of reactor and settling tank
Optimised solution
End of dimensioning
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Reactor constructions for biological nitrogen removal
Post denitrification process Post aeration Organic carbon → → → →
•The process is employed if the waste water has a low C/N ratio.
•The denitrification tank is downstream from the nitrification tank.
Nitrification D
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Pre-anoxic zone denitrification process
→ → → → Internal recirculation
Secondary
settling Return sludge
tank
•Waste water, return sludge and internal recirculation flow are mixed in the denitrification tank.
Denl.Nitrificatio
n
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Phosphorous Elimination
→ → → →→
Anaerobic mixing tank secondary
settling
tank
Adenosine tri phosphate is broken down into adenosine di phosphate and adenosine mono phosphate.
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Specification tableCSB BSB Inorganic
NitrogenP
Raw water dirt
120 60 11 2.5
Concentration mg/l
400-1000 200-500 40-90 10-20
Required quality
<1000 EW 150 40
1000-5000 EW
110 25
5000-20000 90 20 18
20000-100000
90 20 18 2
>100000 75 15 18 1
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Differences between German and Indian standards
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Summary of calculation for A-131 Documentation of the project. Size class and treatment objectives.Specification of the process concerning the
technical realization.Overview and selection of loads.Dimensioning loads, flow rates,
concentrations, peak factors.
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Loading with the lowest temperature.Loading with the highest temperature.Selecting the type of sludge thickening,
return sludge and inflow secondary settling.Dimensioning of the tank.Details of the rotating blade scraper.Specifications related to nitrogen balance.
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Details regarding phosphorous removal.Dimensions of activated sludge tank.Operation specifications with lowest
temperature.Operation specifications with highest
temperature.Oxygen demand specifications.Alkalinity
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Important technical aspects of technology transfer
Influence of the volume of basin depending on the size of inhabitants.
Dependence of volume of basin on produced waste water per inhabitant per day.
Influence of temperature on the volume of the basin
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Influence of the volume of basin depending on the size of inhabitants
Graph of Number of inhabitants Vs Loading
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Graph of Total volume of the basin Vs Number of inhabitants
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Dependance of volume of basin on produced waste water per inhabitant per day
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Influence of temperature on the volume of the basin
Membrane technology
Membrane technology utilizes a semipermeable membrane for the
separation of suspended and dissolved solids from water. There are two basic types
of membrane separation processes; pressure-driven and electrically-driven.
Pressure-driven processes use hydraulic pressure to force water molecules through the membranes. In the electrically-driven membrane process, electric current is used to move ions across the membrane.
Types of pressure driven membranes
Settlement tanks are not required if membrane technology is used, hence the space required will be less.
Settlement Tanks are a limiting factor for the concentration for biomass in the aeration basin.
The used basin volume for 100000 inhabitants without membrane technology is 36653m3 , whereas with membrane technology it is 18462m3 .
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