Teamwork and Leadership
Types of Healthcare Teams
Administrative
Medical Emergency
Hospital Patient Care
Physician’s office
Outpatient care
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Healthcare Should Be a Team Sport
Team Composition
Two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively
Members focused on the same results Health care team: professionals with a
variety of:Health-related backgroundsEducationExperiences
One-Profession Team: Nursing (example)
Registered nurses (RNs)—team leaders
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) Certified nursing assistants (CNAs)
Multidisciplinary Team Cooperative group of professionals with
different: Qualifications Skills Areas of expertise
Team members complement one another Provide comprehensive health care Example: cardiac rehabilitation team
Elements of Team Structure
Team purpose Team goals Team members’ roles Team functions
What is the reason for the team? What does it hope to accomplish? Points all members in right direction Determines how team should develop &
move forward For health care team: to provide or
support patient care
Team Purpose
Common goals or objectives Decisions not made independently Focus on best interest of team Willingness to listen to opinions of
other members
Team Goals
Team Members’ Roles Team leader Recorder or secretary Spokesperson Resource Implementers
Team Functions Activities carried out to meet goals Unique skills & experiences matched
to tasks Effectiveness of individual impacts all
others
Required Ingredients for Effective Teamwork
Open & honest communication Sufficient organizational resources Mutual support Understanding & recognizing role &
function of each member
Guidelines for Preparing Team Meetings
Set meeting time & place in advance
Choose a day & time when all members are available
For regular meetings, schedule for same day & time
Distribute agenda before meeting
Group Communication
Listen with full attention to other members
Express ideas as clearly as possible
Encourage feedback on all ideas Avoid letting negative emotions
cloud communications
Tips for Contributing to a Team
Remember group dynamics (how members relate to each other)
Encourage contributions from everyone
Avoid letting one member dominate
Sources of Conflict Substance vs. personality differences Independent work & limited group
conversation Atmosphere of distrust & suspicion Differences in:
TrainingKnowledgeExperience
Competitive work environment
Managing Conflict: Steps in Problem Solving
Assessing Diagnosing Creating a plan Implementing the plan Evaluating the plan Modifying the plan (if necessary)
Leadership The ability to influence others while working toward a vision or goal
Leadership (cont’d)
Characteristics of Successful Health Care Leaders Understand complexity of coordinated care Remain open to different points of view Understand interdependency of health care
team
Leadership (cont’d)Leadership Skills
Communication Problem solving Management Self evaluation
Leadership (cont’d)Leadership Styles
Autocratic (directive)Leader controls decisions & activities
DemocraticLeader shares decisions & activities
Laissez-faire (non-directive)Leader hands over power to group
Leadership (cont’d)Leadership and Management: Four Functions of Managers Planning Organizing Directing Controlling
Leadership (cont’d)Preparing for a Leadership Role Identify your strengths Evaluate how you accomplish work Clarify your values Assume responsibility for relationships
State roles and responsibilities Describe individual and team areas for
growth Describe team building exercises Invite discussion for best practices Recommend one or more strategies Suggest what to do next Identify action items
AS A LEADER: