Download ppt - Succeeding with Technology Chapter 3 Software Solutions for Personal and Professional gain Software from Conception to Installation and Beyond System Software

Succeeding with Technology

Chapter 3

Software Solutions for Personal and Professional gain

Software from Conception to Installation and Beyond

System Software Application Software Smart Software: AI

Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer


Trends

There is a shift from a hardware view of computing to software & services

"Ten years out, in terms of actual hardware costs you can almost think of hardware as being free -- I'm not saying it will be absolutely free -- but in terms of the power of the servers, the power of the network will not be a limiting factor," Gates said, referring to networked computers and advances in the speed of the Internet.


3.1

Software from Conception to Installation and Beyond


Recall…2 Types of Software

System Software controls the hardware and runs the computer system.

Application Software provides services for people.


How Software Works

Software consists of a number of files at least one of which is “executable”.

Executable File: stores computer instructions in binary machine language.

http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/


Programming Languages A programming language is the primary tool of

computer programmers, providing English-like commands for writing software that is translated into the detailed step-by-step instructions executed by the processor.

Syntax: a set of rules that describe how programming statements and commands should be written.

Syntax: a set of rules that describe how programming statements and commands should be written.

A Programming Statement in C++

cout << "\nPlease Enter The Password:";


Source Code

Compiler

Object (Executable) Code

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void main() {

char password[200] = "opensaysme"; char input[200]; while(strcmp(password, input)) { clrscr(); cout << "\nPlease Enter The Password:"; cin >> input;

} cout << "\nWelcome, Oh Great One!\n"; exit(1); }

Password.cpp

Password.exe

Programming Process


Commercial softwareYou only get the "Executable Code". It impossible to translate executable

code back to the original "Source Code".

The Program

EXECUTABLE FILE VIEWED WITH MICROSOFT WORD Æ‹ÇL éŽ èJi j é €=W½L t"è5i j SÿìÄJ j jmh ÿ5Ø¾L éQ jRj èº YYéG -Z „Ä ƒètHH…/ è é% j j h/ é SèÔ Yè&m „Àj t~‹5 �ÅJ h[ SÿÖ‹=dÅJ Pÿ×j h\ SÿÖPÿ×j h_ SÿÖPÿ×j hY SÿÖPÿ×h+ SÿÖ‹ðh @ jüV‰ ŽL ÿtÅJ hÕ hÔ Vj£ŽL èÒf Sèùc ƒÄëh+ Sÿ �ÅJ PÿdÅJ Sè » YjXég ÿuè Y¶ÀéV fƒÿtfƒÿ…D h+ Sÿ �ÅJ é €=ŽL t j{Sÿ¼ÄJ ¡0ŽL …À„ Pÿ€ÀJ é ƒÿ{…ÿ Sè Yéõ �î „¼ ƒî „ƒ �î tpNNtZNNt$ �îš …Â jjh+ Sÿ�ÅJ Pèh ë?jjSèz– ƒÄ…À„• €= �ÇL „ˆ èDg jSÿìÄJ ëxhtÞK SjèrŸ ƒÄëfWè �T éþÿÿh+ Sÿ �ÅJ ‹ðVÿxÅJ …ÀtBhÕ hÔ Vjèpe ƒÄëh+ Sÿ �ÅJ ;øtPÿxÅJ …Àtj j hÉ SÿðÄJ 3À_^[]Â U‹ìQ¡ŽL ‹ŽL SVW3ÿ!}ü;Á‹Øw‹ÙÿðÁJ + ŽL ‹,ŽL …Ûw…Év,jd3Ò^÷ö‹ø…ÿuG‹Ã3ÒkÀd÷÷‹ð…öuj^‹Á3ÒkÀd÷ö‰Eü;ûrM9Mür€%ŽL j{ÿuÿ¼ÄJ ‹Ã‹5¸ÄJ j


Copyright: defines exclusive rights legally granted to the owner.

Software License: Defines permissions, right, and restrictions provided to the person who purchases a copy of the software. Single User/Multi-user

Software Copyrights and Licenses



Freeware, Open-Source, and Alternative Licensing

Public DomainOpen Source

Uncompiled code available for programmers to modify at will (Linux)

Creative Commons LicenseAllows the creator of the intellectual

property to specify the terms of the license.

http://creativecommons.org/


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Off-the-shelf Software

Off-the-shelf software is mass-produced software designed for use by the general public.

SharewareMarketed under a "try before

you buy" philosophy


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Custom-designed software

Custom Designed software, either in-house developed, or contracted, is software designed to solve a unique and specific problem.

Companies will sometimes market their custom software to others in the industry

https://renderman.pixar.com/


Installing Software

Installed from distribution disks or downloaded

Observe system requirements

Run the setup program (setup.exe or .dmg and .app on Apple)

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Installing Downloaded Software

www.download.com File Compression

Self-Installing Self-extracting (.exe) Manual-extracting (.zip)

View screenshotScreenshot:

5 levelsLimitations:

YesUninstaller included?:

Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP

Minimum requirements:

Free to try; $19.95 to buyLicense:

5.79MB; Clock this download

File size:

July 7, 2003Date added:

Puppy Games Publisher:

54Downloads:

Alien Flux 1.3


3.2 System Software

Helping the machine operate effectively and efficiently

• Operating system• Command-based

user interface• Graphical User Interface

• Booting• Multitasking• Open-source software• Utility programs

Key Terms


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The software that controls the computer’s use of its hardware.

Acts as an interface between application software and hardware.

Operating System

Applications

The Operating System


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• Manages Processor Resources• Manages Memory (RAM)• Manages Storage and I/O• Manages Peripheral Devices

•Uses device drivers• Provides a Common User Interface

•Graphical User Interface• Provides Applications with Hardware Independence

Operating System Functions

How is this related to Microsoft’s

monopoly and many, many lawsuits?

Multitasking is the processors ability to run more than one program at once.

Multitasking is the processors ability to run more than one program at once.


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• Single Computer, Single User• Single Computer, Multiple Users• Multiple Computers (Network)• Special Purpose Computers

Operating System Types


User Interfaces Command-based

Interface Graphical User

Interface (GUI)

Ssh demo?

Succeeding with Technologywww.microsoft.com/windowsvista



Apple OS X


Linux


Windows Pocket PC & Smartphone


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Utility Programs (the other system software)

Programs designed to assist the machine in running smoothly, securely, and efficiently. Virus Detection Spam and Pop-up

blockers Adware & Spyware

protection Defragmentation Windows Cleaners

Programs that assist us in maintaining and manipulating system resources. File Compression

(WinZip) File and Disk

Management & Backup CD/DVD Burners


3.3

Application Software

• Word Processing• Spreadsheet Applications• Presentation Graphics• Database management

• Personal Information management • Software Suites

Key Terms

Helping peaople operate effectively and efficiently


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Traditional Productivity Software

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Word Processing: Document production

Spreadsheet: Numeric analysis software often used for carrying out “what if” scenarios.

Database: For managing and querying data records

Presentation: For developing supportive visual aides to accompany a presentation.


Software Suite

A software suite is a collection of application software packages sold together.


Personal Information Management (PIM) Software

Calendar/Appointments To-do List Address Book/Contacts Information in PIMs

can be shared between users over a network.


Personal Information Management (PIM) Software

Calendar/Appointments To-do List Address Book/Contacts Information in PIMs

can be shared between users over a network.


Additional Application Software for Individuals

Audio/Video Media Players, Rippers, Encoders, Music and Video

Recorders/Editors Graphics/Image Processing

Image Editing, Flash Animation, 3d m Internet/Communication

Browsers, Email, Chat, Web Phones, WebCam, Utilities, NetMeeting Games

Action, Arcade, Casino, Strategy, Simulation, Sports, Board, Multiplayer

Business PIM, Project Management, Inventory Systems, Voice Recognition

Home PIM (Outlook), Food.Bev, Geneology, Hobbies, Health/Nutrition, Home

Inventory Education

…and many others listed at www.download.com


3.4

Smart Software: AI

• Word Processing• Spreadsheet Applications• Presentation Graphics• Database management

• Personal Information management • Software Suites

Key Terms


Artificial Intelligence AI refers to the science and engineering of

creating computer systems that simulate human thought and behavior.


Turing Test

“A human judge engages in a natural language conversation with two other parties, one human, the other a machine; if the judge cannot reliably tell which is which, then the machine is said to pass the test.”


Conventional AI

Expert Systems Case-based Reasoning Bayesian Networks Behavior-based AI

Automotive Diagnostics


Computational Intelligence

Neural Networks Fuzzy Systems Evolutionary

Computation


AI Applications Robotics Computer Vision Natural Language

Processing Speech Recognition

Handwriting Recognition Face Recognition Intelligent Agents Artificial Creativity



Virtual Reality

Computer-simulated environment that can be manipulated by the user.


Chapter 3 Questions?

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