Download pdf - Streetscape Design Guideand improvements to the existing highway network, involving technical checking and approval of submissions and inspection of the site works. The Sec. 38/278

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Worcestershire County Council

Streetscape Design Guide

Worcestershire County Council

Streetscape Design Guide

Winter 2018

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Version Control

Date Action

14th June, 2018 Document adopted by WCC Cabinet

31st July, 2018 Amendments as agreed with Director of Economy & Infrastructure and the Cabinet Member with Responsibility

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Contents

1. Introduction 5

2. TheDesignProcess 8

3. LayoutandConnectivity 14

4. PlanningforParking 33

5. PlanningforPassengerTransport 36

6. PlanningforanAdoptablePublicStreetscape 38

Appendices

A Usefulcontacts 45

B HighwayNetworkGISlinkandHighwaysEnglandnote 46

C BiodiversityLegislativeFrameworkAndBestPracticeGuidance 47

D DevelopmentManagementFlowChart 51

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ForewordWelcome By Councillor Alan Amos and Councillor Dr Ken Pollock

Worcestershireisanattractiveandambitiouscounty,withafocusondevelopmentandgrowth.Inthecomingyears,manyofWorcestershire’surbanareasaresettogrow,inresponsetoanincreasedneedfornewdwellings,andcommercialandindustrialopportunities.

Ourstreetsareapreciousresource,providingthesocialsettingforpubliclife,andaccesstoawiderangeofservicesandfacilities.Itisessentialthatnewstreetsaredesignedwiththoughtandcare.

Asuccessfulstreetscapeshouldbedurable,attractiveandprovidefortheneedsofallusers.Thisguideisintendedtoofferapolicyframeworktoachievejustthat,givingthoseengagedwithdesigningnewstreetscapesaclearframework,guidanceandsupporttoachievesuccessinWorcestershire.

Councillor Alan Amos and Councillor Dr. Ken Pollock

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1. Introduction1.1 Background

Worcestershirehasitall;eacheraofhistoryfromtheprehistorytothepresentdayhasleftalastingmarkonthecounty,leavingarichmixofattractivelandscapesandstreetscapes.Itisthequalityofboththenaturalandhistoricbuiltenvironmentswhichsupports(inpart)Worcestershire’svibrantvisitor-focussedeconomy,whilstprovidingacherishedenvironmentinwhichtoliveandwork.

Inthe1930s,40sand50s,historicurbanareasgrewtocaterfortheaspirationsofresidents,resultinginanumberoflargerhousingestates,oftenwithattractivegreeninfrastructureandservicestosupportahigherqualityoflife.

However,inthelatterhalfofthetwentiethcentury,therehavebeenseveralexamplesofpoorlyplanneddevelopment,whichhasresultedinrelativelyisolated,car-dominatedestateswithlimitedidentityanduglymodernistbuildingsincentralareas,aswellasgradualattritionofgreenspaceinoururbanareas,whichdetractsfromthequalityofthehistoricbuiltenvironment.

Theseaspectsprovidebothauniqueandexcitingopportunitytoprospectivedevelopers,tointegratenewdevelopmentintotheexistingbuiltenvironmentinawaywhichrespectsheritageassetsandlearnsfromthemistakesofthepast.WorcestershireCountyCouncilrecognisestheimportancethatnewhighwayscanmaketothewiderroleofplacemakingandthatdesignconceptsshouldnotbeconstrainedtojustthefunctionalspaces.

Worcestershirechallengesprospectivedeveloperstocreateattractive,accessiblecommunitieswhichdeliverahighqualityoflife;placeswherepeoplewanttolive,workandinvest.Toachievethis,thefollowingaimsfortheconsiderationoftransportinfrastructureandservicesinnewdevelopment:

• Ensurethatnewdevelopmentrelatestoitscontext,withtransportlinksintegratingseamlesslywithinthebuiltandnaturalenvironmenttothebenefitofnewresidents,adjacentoccupiersandexistingcommunitiesalike;

• Ensurethattransportinfrastructureisdesignedtoencouragealternativestocarusebyprovidingconvenient,safeandattractiveprovisionforpedestrians,cyclistsandpassengertransportuserstokeytripattractors,permeatingbothnewdevelopmentsandexistingcommunities;

• Ensurethedesignofstreetswithinnewdevelopmentscontinuestoaccommodatenecessaryvehiclemovement,andfacilitatecarparking,butseekstoencouragetrafficspeedsof20mphorless;

• Ensurenewdevelopmentisintuitiveinitsapproach,providingeasyandsafeaccessbetweenhighways,carparkingareasanddwellingsforeveryone,includingthosewithvisualandmobilityimpairment;

• Ensurethatnewdevelopmentsaredesignedtoprovideasafe,secureandsustainableenvironment,includingembracingsustainablegreeninfrastructurethroughoutthedesignprocess,recognisingthecentralrolethatsuchinfrastructureplaysindeliveringliveable,attractivecommunities;

• Secureamovementnetworkwhichisadoptablewithanextensivedesignlifeandiseasilymaintainable.

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1.2 The Streetscape Design Guide in ContextTheStreetscapeDesignGuideiswrittentoprovidenecessarylocaldetail,andshouldbeconsideredinconjunctionwithnationalguidanceincludingtheManualsforStreets1and2(referredtointhisdocumentasManualforStreets),theDesignManualforRoadsandBridges,aswellasawiderangeofbestpracticedocumentscoveringdifferentaspectsofdevelopmentdesignandprotectionofvaluablenaturalresources.TheSDGseekstostriketherightbalancebetweenallowingdesignerstheflexibilityneededtocreatedistinctivehighqualitydevelopments,whilstalsoensuringthatplannedtransportinfrastructureisresilient,standsthetestoftimeandiscost-effectivetomaintain.

TheManualforStreetsreinforcesthemessagethatacoordinateddesignprocessisessentialforsuccessfuldevelopment.WorcestershireCountyCouncilstronglyadvocatesthisapproachandsupportstheearlyestablishmentofdevelopmentteamstopromoteproactivejointworking,assuchisitencouragedthattheLocalPlanningAuthority’sDevelopmentManagementteamisengagedatanearlystagetoensureaholisticapproachtodevelopmentisprovided.

1.3 Management of the Transport NetworkWorcestershireCountyCouncilistheLocalHighwayAuthorityforWorcestershire,assetoutinstatutelaw.Itisresponsibleformanagingthefollowingaspectsofthetransportnetwork:

• AllpublichighwayswiththeexceptionoftheTrunkRoadnetwork,whichismanagedbyHighwaysEngland(seebelow);

• PublicRightsofWay;

• On-streetcarparking;

• Somepublicoff-streetcarparking(whereassociatedwithCouncil-runfacilitiessuchasCountryParks);

• Somebusservices;

• CommunityTransportschemes.

WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sDevelopmentManagementTeamisresponsibleforcoordinatingtheLocalHighwayAuthority’sresponsetoconsultationsreceivedfornewdevelopmentproposalsinrespecttohighwaysandtransportissues.TheDevelopmentManagementTeamcanadvisedesignersonavarietyofmatters,includingresponsibilitiesfortransportinfrastructure.

WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sSec.38/278DevelopmentControlTeamisresponsibleformanagingthedeliveryofdeveloperledschemesforthecreationofnewhighwaysandimprovementstotheexistinghighwaynetwork,involvingtechnicalcheckingandapprovalofsubmissionsandinspectionofthesiteworks.TheSec.38/278Teamcanadvisedesignersonavarietyofdetailedhighwaydesignmatters.

1.4 Application of Design Standards TheManualforStreets2andtheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesprovideaframeworkforthedesignofnewtransportinfrastructureandarethedefaultresourcesforpriorityjunctionsandaccesses.

TheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgessetsoutdesignstandardsforthecarriagewayandthisshouldbeusedasthestartingpoint,however,aroadwillalwaysbesituatedwithinanexistingenvironment.Asaresult,itisnotenoughtoconsiderthecarriagewayinisolation.Therearemanymoreguidancedocumentstosupportdesignersandlandownerstoproducehighwayinfrastructureplanswhichrespondpositivelytothesurroundingenvironmentandtotheusersofthespace.ThisSDGprovidesthesignpostingtothesedocuments.

Intheeventofconfusion,DevelopersareencouragedtomakecontactwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil,astheLocalHighwayAuthority,toobtainclarificationinwriting.

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1.5 PhilosophyWorcestershireCountyCouncilencouragescreativityintheapproachtodesigninghighwayinfrastructure.Innovativedesignswhichchallengethestatusquowhilststillmeetingrequirementssetoutinrelevantstatutorylegislationandnon-statutoryguidancewillbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis.However,itisstronglyadvisedthatanyproposalsarediscussedatanearlystagewiththeCountyCouncilDevelopmentManagementTeam,toavoidprolongedinefficientdialoguelaterintheplanningprocess.Anysuchdesignswillneedtobesupportedbyevidencetoshowhowthesedesignsmeetrelevantguidanceandconsiderthesafetyofusers,andanymaintenanceimplications.

Newhighwaysandmodificationtoexistinginfrastructurecancausemajorimpactstoprotectedanddecliningspeciesviaseveranceanddestructionofvaluablehabitats.EarlyengagementwithanEcologicalConsultantiskeytoreducingcostlydelaysbyincorporatingmitigationintohighwaydesignandensuringdevelopmentscomplywiththenecessarylegislationandbestpractice(referenceAppendixC).Nationalpolicyrequiresthatallproposalsshouldaimtoachievea“netgain”inbiodiversityandbeintegraltothescheme.Schemesthatcannotachievethiswillneedtodemonstratewhyithasnotbeenpossible.

Inadditiontoallowingpeopleandgoodstotravelfromonelocationtoanother,thetransportnetworkcatersforamuchwiderrangeofactivities,particularlyinurbanareas.Atanyonetimeinatypicalurbanstreet,itisquitepossibletoseeamixtureofpeopleusingtherouteonfoot,cycling,ordrivingamobilityscooter,acar,avan,oralorry,ingoingabouttheirdailybusiness.Allsuchusersareusingthestreetasalink;ameansofgettingfromoneplacetoanother.Similarly,wildlifemayusethehedgerows,treesandgrasslandinvergesalongthecarriagewayasundisturbedmeansofdispersingtolargerareasofnaturalhabitatformingimportantwildlifecorridorsorsteppingstones.Forexamplewildflowervergescurrentlyprovideinvaluablesteppingstonesfor

decliningpollinators,sothepermeabilityofthelandscapeshouldbemaintainedandenhancedbynewdevelopmentandacttosupportnationalinitiativessuchasNationalPollinatorsStrategy.

Furthermore,manysuchstreetsalsoaccommodateotherfunctions.Forexample,thestreetmaybeusedbypeopletohostevents,markets,demonstrations,socialgatherings,somewheretoeatanddrinkandforsightseeing;thesefunctionsareallusesofthestreetasaplace.Additionally,theseroadvergesmay,duetotheirundisturbednature,haveintrinsicvalueforwildlifebyprovidingopportunitiesforoverwintering,breeding,foragingandtakingrefuge,manywithinthecountybeingdesignatedasRoadsideVergeNatureReserves(www.worcestershire.gov.uk).

Vergescanprovideacritical‘stepping-stone’functiontosurroundingsitesofnatureconservationvalue.Withappropriatedesignandmanagementthevergescanservetolinklocalpopulationsofwildlifethroughoutthecounty.

Considerationofaroute’slinkandplacefunctionisanessentialpartofthedevelopmentprocess,whichdirectlycontributestowardscreatingsuccessfulandattractivespaceswhichalsobenefitwildlife.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilsuggeststhatDevelopersspecificallyconsiderthisinthecontextofstatutorylegislationandnonstatutoryguidance(referenceAppendixC),andagreeproposalswiththeDMteam

1.6 ReviewTheStreetscapeDesignGuidewillbereviewedannuallytoensurethatitremainscurrenttochangesinnationalandlocalpolicyandtoreflectonemergingevidence.Thedocumentmaybereviewedsoonershouldamorefundamentalchangebeneeded.

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2. The Design Process2.1 Introduction

Designinghighwayshaschanged.Itisnolongerthecommonpracticetomakevehiclesthedominantfeatureofaroad.Thismessageisechoedthroughoutcentralgovernmentdesignguidesanddocuments.The‘ManualforStreets’notessignificantflawsinpastroadhierarchiesstatingthat:

“Inthepast,roaddesignhierarchieshavebeenbasedalmostexclusivelyontheimportanceattributedtovehicularmovement.Thishasledtothemarginalisationofpedestriansandcyclistsintheuppertierswherevehicularcapacityrequirementspredominate.Theprinciplethataroadwasprimarilyformotortraffichastendedtofilterdownintothedesignofstreetsinthebottomtiersofthehierarchy…Streetsshouldnolongerbedesignedbyassuming‘place’tobeautomaticallysubservientto‘movement’.”(P18:ManualforStreets,DfT,2007)

TheDepartmentforTransport’sManualforStreetsgoesontostatethatthedesignofanynewroadorimprovementstoanexistingroadshouldfollowauserhierarchyassetoutbelow:

Consider First Pedestrians

Cyclists

PublicTransportUsers

SpecialistServiceVehicles(e.g.emergencyservices,wasteetc.)

Consider Last OtherMotorTraffic

Thereiseverevolvingguidanceforthewidevarietyofroadtypes.Thefollowinglistsomeofthemostcommonlyusedguidelinesforhighwaydesign:

• DesignstandardsforhighwaylayoutsareprescribedinDesignManualforRoadsandBridges.ItisimportanttonotethatDesignManualforRoadsandBridgeshasbeen

preparedforTrunkRoadsandmaynotalwaysbeappropriateforlowerspeedurbanandlocalroads.

• ManualforStreets1and2(Manualforstreets)aimstotransformthequalityofroaddesign,breakingawayfromthestandardised,risk-averseapproaches.Itprovidesdesignerswithadviceonhowcarriagewaywidths,alignmentsandcross-sectionaldetailscanbedesignedinawaythatbetterrespectslocalcontextandtheneedsofusersotherthanmotortraffic.

• WestMidlandsCycleDesignGuidance:ThisdocumentwaspublishedbyTransportfortheWestMidlandsinSeptember2017andprovidesusefulguidanceonallaspectsofcyclinginfrastructure.

• ‘TrafficinVillages–Atoolkitforcommunities’isapublicationproducedbyDorsetAONBPartnershipandisatoolkittohelpParishCouncilsandlocalgroupsunderstandthecoreprinciplesforreducingspeed,improvingsafetyandretaininglocaldistinctiveness.TheToolkitextendsthekeyprinciplesofManualforStreetsandManualforStreets2tosupportruralcommunitiescopingwiththeimpactoftrafficinvillagesandsmalltownsofwhichWorcestershireishometomany.

2.2 Further GuidanceAflowchart,whichsetsoutthevariousstagesofthedesignprocesscanbefoundinAppendixD.

‘StreetDesignforAll–Anupdateofnationaladviceandgoodpractice’isawell-regardeddocumentonstreetdesignwithanemphasisonthepublicrealm.ProducedbyPRIANitiscommendedforusebytheDfT(DepartmentforTransport)andtheCIHT(CharteredInstituteofHighwaysandTransportation).

Thesectiononroadsafetyisparticularlyusefulforunderstandingdriverperceptionandshouldbereadandunderstoodbyalldesignersinvolvedinhighwaydesign.

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Beyondthecarriageway,forurbanandruralareasalike,theintegrationofthefootwayuseralongthecounty’sroadsmustbegivenhighconsiderationandimportanceinthedevelopmentofdesigns.Thisistheplaceofmostactivityfromnon-motorisedusers.Conflictscanarisebetweenpedestrianflowsanddesirelines,streetfurniture,cycleways,crossingpoints.

Forhighpedestrianfootfallareassuchasalonghighstreets,PedestrianComfortGuidanceforLondon(2010)providesfurtherguidanceontheintegrationoffootwayuserswiththehighway.Itdescribesthefootwayashavingfourdifferentzones,thesebeingthe:Kerbzone,Furniturezone,FootwayclearzoneandtheFrontagezone.Itexplainshowtocollectdatatodeterminetheconfigurationofthefootwayzoneforeachdevelopmenttypethroughacomfortassessmentinordertoachieveappropriatefootwaywidthsforusersofthefootway.

2.3 Integrating Infrastructure and Environmental Context Considerationoftheenvironmentalcontextofthesitewillprovidemanyopportunitiesforenrichingthestreetscapeexperience.

Green InfrastructureIntegrationofgreeninfrastructurehasprovenhealth,environmentalandeconomicbenefits.WorcestershireCountyCouncilpublisheditsGreenInfrastructureStrategyin2013anditsvisionisthat:

Worcestershire’shighqualitynaturalandhistoricenvironmentwillfulfilamulti-functionalrole.Itwillenablesustainablegrowthoftheeconomy,improvethecommunity’sexperienceofnaturalandhistoricplaces,deliverbenefitstohealthandwell-beingandunderpinthecounty’sresiliencetoclimatechange.

Itisexpectedthatproposalsforinvestmentininfrastructurewillincorporategreeninfrastructureasanintegralpartofthedevelopmentortoreplacetraditionalinfrastructureapproacheswithgreeninfrastructuresolutionswhereretro-fitimprovementstohighwaysareplanned.

Figure11ofWorcestershire’sGreenInfrastructureStrategysetsouttheprinciplestoconsiderwhenintegratinggreeninfrastructurewithinnewdevelopment.Acopyofthestrategycanbefoundherehttp://www.worcestershire.gov.uk/downloads/file/3780/worcestershire_gi_strategy_document_2013.

Trees In The Streetscape Environment Treesfoundwithintheurbanenvironmentcanmakeasignificantcontributiontopromotingeconomicvalue,asustainableintegratedinfrastructureapproach,climatechangeadaptationandhumanhealthandwell-being.Theincreasingspatialflexibilityofstreetscapedesigncontextshouldpromptadesignapproachthatexploresgreaterdiversityinthetreeassemblage.Thereisalogic(notleastvisual)toplantingsinglespeciesstreettreesinAvenuesandBoulevards.Bycontrast,withthestreetthereisanopportunitytointroducearangeofspeciesofdifferentstructuralcharacteristicsandheightstofurthersoftentheoverallcharacterandcreatetemporalviewpointsforpeoplewalkingalongtheStreet.Varyingheight,structureandtheappearanceoftrees(leafcolour,barktextureandfloweringseason)cancreateagreatersenseofdepthandfilteredviews,therefore,addingtotheexperienceoftheseparticularplacesthatsetsthemapartfrommoreformalstreetscapes.

Itiscommonlyperceivedbylocalauthoritiesanddevelopersthattheinstallationandmaintenanceoftreesrequireshighcapitalinvestmentandhighmaintenancecosts.

TreesinHardLandscapeAGuideforDelivery(TDAG)isapublicationcommendedbytheMinisterofStateforTransport.Itexplainsthecollaborativeprocesstobeadoptedindesigningwithtrees,providestechnicaldesignsolutionsandspeciesselectioncriteria.Theaimoftheguidanceistoensuretherighttreeandrighttechnicaldesignsolutionisincludedinstreetdesign.Theprocessandinstallationandmaintenanceneednotbecostlyifintegrationandadequateprovisionfortreesintheplanningandadoptionprocessesissecuredfromtheoutset.

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Worcestershireattachesgreatimportancetothecontributionthatadiversemixtureoftreeplantingcanmaketoourenvironment.Wherepossibleexistingtreesmustbeintegratedwithinnewdevelopmentproposals.ItisimportanttoengageanarboriculturisttocarryoutatreesurveyinaccordancewiththeBritishStandardBS:58372012Treesinrelationtodesign,demolitionandconstruction–

Recommendationsatthecommencementofdevelopingplansofanynewhighwayinfrastructure.Thiswillestablishthehealth,longevity,rootzoneandtreeworksrequiredofexistingtreesandshouldaidinthedecisionmakingofanyroadalignment.Theremovaloftreesshouldbealastresortandshouldonlyoccurfollowingacollaborativeprocesstodeterminethatatree’sretentionisimpossible.

Trees And Sustainable Drainage Solutions (SuDS) Thedevelopmentofthedesigndetailsforthestreetshouldincorporatewater-sensitivedesignwhereappropriate.Thedesignneedstoensure:

• Thereisallowanceforsomeprecipitationtoreachthetree-rootingenvironment,

• Fulladvantageofthecapacityofthetreesrootingenvironmentistakenintoaccounttohelpmanagestormwaterrunoff,and

• TreesareexplicitlyintegratedinthesurfacewaterdrainageplanforthesiteinaccordancewithSuDSbestpractice.

FurtherguidanceonthedeliveryofSuDScanbefoundinTheSuDSManual(C753).

TheupdatedSuDSManualincorporatestheverylatestresearch,industrypracticeandguidance.IndeliveringSuDSthereisarequirementtomeettheframeworksetoutbytheGovernment’s‘nonstatutorytechnicalstandards’andtherevisedSuDSManualcomplementsthesebutgoesfurthertosupportthecost-effectivedeliveryofmultiplebenefits.

Environmental and Ecological Impact Assessments

SomeofWorcester’sscarcestspecieshavepopulationsreliantonthecarefulmanagementofthecounty’shighwaynetworks..Appropriatelevelsofecologicalassessmentshouldbecarriedouttoworkasaniterativeprocesswiththedevelopmentaspartofthewiderecologicalassessment.

InEnglandandWales,therequirementsoftheEIADirectivewithregardstoroadprojectshasbeentransposedintoUKstatutebySection105oftheHighwaysAct1980,asamendedbytheHighways(EnvironmentalImpactAssessment)Regulations2007.

DevelopmentsclassifiedasrelevantundertheEIADirectiveAnnexIIwillthereforeneedfurtherassessmentinaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesVolume11,toestablishwhethersignificantenvsarelikelytoariseduringitsconstructionandoperation.

TheenvironmentalassessmentfordevelopmentsmustbeundertakeninaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesVolume11,andanyrelevantInterimAdviceNotes(IAN).

ToinformthebaselineoftheseassessmentsWorcestershireCountyCouncilresourcesanddatasetsshouldbereferredtowithspecificfocusontheGreenInfrastructureFramework2reportwhichwillassistinestablishingthebaselineconditionsatasub-regionalcontextandprovidesguidanceontheprocessofcarryingoutEcologicalImpactAssessment(EcIA).WorcestershireCountyCouncilprovidesandmaintainsamappingdataresourceatanoverallspatiallevel,whichcanbeaccessedat:gis.worcestershire.gov.uk.

Newdevelopmentandhighwayinfrastructureoftenimpactsupontheexistinglandscape.Toavoiddetrimentaleffectsonthelandscapecharacterafullassessmentoftheexistingcharacteranditsabilitytoacceptchangeneedstobeestablished.Worcestershire’sLandscapeCharacterAssessmentprovidesguidelinesfortheprotectionand

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enhancementoftherichandvariedlandscapecharactertypes.Itindicateswherepressuresforchangeareoccurringandwhatfutureplanningandmanagementneedstobeincorporatedintodevelopmentplans.

Similarly,Worcestershire’sHistoricLandscapeCharacterisationprovidesaframeworkforinforminglandscapestrategies,spatialplanninganddevelopmentcontrol.ItisbeingusedbytheCountyCouncilorDistrictCouncilstrategicplanningorconservationstaffespeciallythosewithresponsibilityforsettingframeworksforchangeormakingdecisionsthatmightaffecttheCounty’shistoriclandscapecharacter.

Streetscape Design and Wildlife Mitigation MeasuresWhereneworalteredroadsriskfragmentingcontiguousnaturalhabitatsandalloptionstoavoidthishavebeenexhausted(andthereisevidencetodemonstratethisprocess),theCountyCouncilrequiresthatbestpracticemitigationmeasuressuchasmammalpasses,insetkerbs,tunnels,drainswithwildlifeexitroutes,andarborealhop-oversareincorporatedalongknownwildlifecorridors.Highwaydesignisexpectedtotakethemitigationhierarchyintoaccount.

2.4 Transport Assessments and StatementsThefollowingthresholdsareforguidancepurposesandshouldnotbereadasabsolutes.

ThresholdsarenormallyappliedforinitiatingaTransportAssessment.DevelopmentsbelowthesethresholdsstillhaveanimpactonthelocaltransportnetworkandsowillnormallyberequiredtoprovideaTransportStatement,unlessexemptedfromthisrequirement,inwriting,bytheDevelopmentManagementTeam.

Insomecircumstances,aTransportAssessmentmaybeappropriateforasmallerdevelopmentthansuggestedbythethresholds.Inothers,aTransportStatementmaybeappropriateforalargerdevelopmentthansuggestedbythethresholds.Earlypreapplicationdiscussionsbetweenadeveloperandtherelevantauthoritiesarestronglyrecommended.Inthese,itisimportantforhighwayauthoritiestocombinethe

appropriatequantitativeandqualitativethresholdsindecidingthelevelofassessmentthatmayberequired.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilmayinterprettheneedforassessmentinlightoflocalcircumstances.Thereareseveralqualitativefactorsthatneedtobetakenintoaccountandthatarenotcapturedbythisdocument.Therewillalsobesite-specificissuesthatassessmentswillneedtocover.

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Thefollowingthresholdlimitsapply:

Land Use SizeNo AssessmentRequired

Transport StatementRequired

Thresholdfor TransportAssessment

A1–FoodRetail GrossFloorArea <250squaremetres >250<800squaremetres

>800squaremetres

A1–Non-FoodRetail

GrossFloorArea <800squaremetres >800<1500squaremetres

>1500squaremetres

A2–FinancialandProfessionalServices


>2500squaremetres

A3–RestaurantsandCafes


>2500squaremetres

A4–DrinkingEstablishments


>600squaremetres

A5–HotFoodTakeaway


>500squaremetres

B1–Business GrossFloorArea <1500squaremetres >1500<2500squaremetres

>2500squaremetres

B2–GeneralIndustrial


>4000squaremetres

B8–StorageorDistribution


>500squaremetres

C1–Hotels Bedroom <75bedrooms >75<100bedrooms >100bedrooms

C2–ResidentialInstitutions–HospitalsandNursingHomes

Beds <30beds >30<50beds >50beds

C2–ResidentialInstitutions–ResidentialEducation

Student <50students >50<150students >150students

C2–ResidentialInstitutions–InstitutionalHostels

Resident <250residents >250<400residents >400residents

C3–DwellingHouses

DwellingUnit <50units >50<80units >80units

D1–NonresidentialInstitutions


>1000squaremetres

D2–AssemblyandLeisure


>1500squaremetres

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Other Considerations

TransportAssessment and Travel Plan Required

Anydevelopmentthatisnotinconformitywiththeadopteddevelopmentplan. □Anydevelopmentgenerating30ormoretwo-wayvehiclemovementsinanyhour. □Anydevelopmentgenerating100ormoretwo-wayvehiclemovementsperday. □Anydevelopmentproposing100ormoreparkingspaces. □Anydevelopmentthatislikelytoincreaseaccidentsorconflictsamongmotorisedusersandnon-motorisedusers,particularlyvulnerableroaduserssuchaschildren,disabledandelderlypeople.

□AnydevelopmentgeneratingsignificantfreightorHGVmovementsperday,orsignificantabnormalloadsperyear. □Anydevelopmentproposedinalocationwherethelocaltransportinfrastructureisinadequate.–forexample,substandardroads,poorpedestrian/cyclistfacilitiesandinadequatepublictransportprovisions.

□AnydevelopmentproposedinalocationwithinoradjacenttoanAirQualityManagementArea(AQMA). □

ScopingReportsshallbeprovidedandagreedinwritingbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilDevelopmentManagementTeampriortotheundertakingofaTransportAssessmentReport.

EveryTransportAssessmentorStatementmustbeaccompaniedbyaTravelPlan,whichiscompliantwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sguidelines.TravelPlansaretypicallyapackageofpracticalmeasurestoencourageresidents,employeesandvisitorstoconsidertheirtraveloptionsorreducetheneedtotravel.Typicalexamplesofmeasuresinclude:personalisedtravelplansandwelcomepacksforresidentialuse,andforcommercialuse,theprovisionofshowers,lockersandchangingfacilities,carsharingschemes,flexibleworkingschemesetc.

ItshouldbenotedthattheprovisionofPersonalisedTravelPlanningismandatoryforallresidentialdevelopmentsof50ormoredwellings.Under50dwellingsneedaTravelWelcomePackwhichmustbeputtogetherusingWorcestershireCountyCouncilguidelines.WorcestershireCountyCouncilprovidesaPersonalisedTravelPlanningservice,whichcanbepurchasedfromtheCountyCouncil.FurtherinformationisavailablefromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sTravelPlanOfficer.

BusinessesarerequiredtoregisterwithStarsfor(www.starsfor.org)tocreateasuitabletravelplan,usingthisonlinetool.SchoolsarerequiredtouseModeshiftStars(www.modeshiftstars.org)tocreatetheirtravelplans.Furtherinformation,includingthelevelofaccreditationrequired,isavailablefromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sTravelPlanOfficer.

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3. Layout and Connectivity3.1 Establishing Access from the Existing Network

Traditional Junction Design Thedevelopermustdemonstratethatthejunctionarrangementproposedrepresentsthebestuseofavailablecapacitywhilstensuringthesafetyforallhighwayusers.Thiswillneedtobedemonstratedthroughcapacityanalysisofthevariousjunctiontypes,withthejunctionformwhichminimisesdelaysandissubjecttosafetyconsiderationsbeingprogressed.Forexample,trafficsignalswillnotbesupportedwhenapriorityjunctionprovidesadequatecapacityforvehicleswishingtoenterandexitthedevelopment.TD42/95,GeometricDesignofMajor/Minorjunctions,Chapter2providesfurtherguidanceinthisarea.

Whenproposalsprovideforanewfootwaycrossoverorpriorityjunction,guidanceonitsdesignshouldbesoughtfromManualforStreets1and2.However,wheremorecomplexjunctionsarerequired,whichcouldinvolvesignalcontrol,roundaboutsand/orrightturninglanes,DMRBisconsideredtobetheappropriatedesignstandard,again,theapplicantshouldmakereferencetoTD42/95,althoughthisshouldalwaysbediscussedandagreedwiththeDMteam.Insomecases,itmaybeappropriatetodeviatefromthesestandards.Again,thisshouldbeagreedinwritingearlyinthedesignprocesswiththeDMteam.

Contemporary Junction DesignInnovationinjunctionandstreetdesigniswelcomedanditcanbeappropriatetoextendtheseprinciplesontotheexistinghighwaynetwork,eitheraspartofaspecificaccesstoasiteoraswidermitigation.Whereinnovativeschemesaretobepromoted,earlydiscussionsareessentialandsomespecificissueswillneedtobeexplicitlyconsidered.Anon-exhaustivelistfollows.

• Thedesignshouldreflecttheneedsofthesurroundingenvironment;

• Thereshouldbehighlevelsofpedestrianmovements;

• Theneedsofvisuallyorphysicallyimpairedusersshouldbeconsideredandlocalusergroupsinvolvedfromanearlystage;

• Designspeedsshouldbelow(under20mph);

• Proposedconstructionmaterialsshouldbereadilyavailable;

• Considerationmustbegiventojunctionefficiency,minimisingdelaytoallroadusers.

ThedeveloperwillneedtodemonstratethatanyhighwaydesigntobeofferedforadoptionbytheLocalHighwayAuthorityortotakeplaceontheexistinghighwaynetworkenablesWorcestershireCountyCounciltodischargeresponsibilitiesplaceduponitbySection149oftheEqualityAct,2010.Inordertoachievethis,earlyinvolvementwithlocalgroupsandnationalorganisationswithdisabilityaccessexpertiseshouldbeundertakenandtheaccessneedsofpeoplewhohavearelevantdisabilityshouldbeincorporatedintothedesign.Section149oftheEqualitiesAct,2010requiresLocalAuthorities,whenmakinganydecision,tohave“DueRegard”tothreeaims.Theseinclude:

Eliminatingunlawfuldiscrimination(whichincludesarequirementtomakereasonableadjustmentsfordisabledpeople)andadvancingequalityofopportunitybetweenpeoplewhohaveoneormoreoftheProtectedCharacteristicslistedintheAct(includingPeoplewhohaveadisability)andpeoplewhodonothaverelevantProtectedCharacteristics.AdvancingEqualityofOpportunitywouldincludereducingorminimisingdisadvantage(includingenvironmentaldisadvantage).

Theapplicationofcontemporaryjunctionsshouldnotbeconsideredtobeaneasysolutionorafall-backposition,wheretraditionaljunctiontypesaredifficulttoachieve.

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3.2 Vertical AlignmentTheDevelopermustconsiderthefollowingwhendesigningverticalcurvesonnewdevelopments.Generally,themaximumandminimumgradientsallowableonnewdevelopmentswillbeasdetailedwithinthetablebelow:

Category Maximum GradientMinimum Gradient

Allroadcategories

1:20(5%)desirablebutconsiderationmaybegiventogradientsupto1:12

1:100

Cycletracksandfootways

1:20(5%) 1:100

Additionally,theDevelopermustconsiderthecurvatureofthenewhighway.Thedesigncurvelengthwillbeafunctionofthealgebraicchangeofgradient,expressedasapercentage,multipliedbythe‘K’value.‘K’valuesareprovidedinthetablebelow:

Category Minimum ‘K’ value

Majoraccessandabove 6

Minoraccessandbelow 2

Cycletrack 2

Example, Minor Access Road – Vertical AlignmentTheexamplebelowhasbeenincludedtoassistdevelopersindesigningverticalcurves.

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Example, Minor Access Road – Vertical Alignment

Theexamplebelowhasbeenincludedtoassistdevelopersindesigningverticalcurves.

TheDevelopershouldnotethatsideroadgradientsintojunctionsshouldbesetatamaximumof1:20(5%)forthefirst10m.Additionally,theminimumverticalcurvelengthofanysectionofroadshouldbenotlessthan20m.

Intheaboveexample,assumingitisaMinorAccessRoad,andthecurvelengthwillbe20m.

The ‘K’ Value is given by: Design curve length / Algebraic change of gradient = 20m /10 = 2

Thereforetheaboveexamplefallswithinthedesigncriteriaandwouldbeacceptable.

Thedevelopershouldnotethatwheregradientsexceed5%theremaybearequirementforagritbin.Insuchinstances,thedeveloperwillneedtoensurethedesignprovidesanadequatelocationandthatasuitablegritbinisprovided.

3.3 Headroom

Additionally,theDevelopermustalsoconsiderinthedesignthattheminimumallowableheadroomforallnewhighwaysintendedforadoptionshallbeasfollows:

Category Minimum Headroom

AllRoads 5.3m

Cycleway 2.7m

Footway 2.7m

TheDevelopershouldnotethatsideroadgradientsintojunctionsshouldbesetatamaximumof1:20(5%)forthefirst10m.Additionally,theminimumverticalcurvelengthofanysectionofroadshouldbenotlessthan20m.

Intheaboveexample,assumingitisaMinorAccessRoad,andthecurvelengthwillbe20m.

The‘K’Valueisgivenby:

Designcurvelength/Algebraicchangeofgradient

=20m/10

=2

Thereforetheaboveexamplefallswithinthedesigncriteriaandwouldbeacceptable.Thedevelopershouldnotethatwheregradientsexceed5%theremaybearequirementfor

agritbin.Insuchinstances,thedeveloperwillneedtoensurethedesignprovidesanadequatelocationandthatasuitablegritbinisprovided.

3.3 HeadroomAdditionally,theDevelopermustalsoconsiderinthedesignthattheminimumallowableheadroomforallnewhighwaysintendedforadoptionshallbeasfollows:

CategoryMinimumHeadroom

AllRoads5.3m

Cycleway2.7m

Footway2.7m

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3.4 Turning HeadsT-form’turningfacilitiesshouldmaintainadistanceof26metres(m)acrossthe‘T’tofacilitatemanoeuvresbypantechnicon(HGV)sizedvehicles.Thecarriagewaywidths,radiiandfootwaywidthsshouldcomplywiththedesignspecificationfortheroadwhichtheyserve.

‘SideT-form’turningfacilitiesshouldmaintainawidthof18metres(m)andadistanceof15mfromtheterminationofthecarriagewayandthestartofthespur.Thecarriagewaywidths,radiiandfootwaywidthsshouldcomplywiththedesignspecificationfortheroadwhichtheyserve.

3.5 LandscapingTheretentionofexistinglandscapefeaturesofvaluemustbetakenintoaccountandthereforethepreliminarydesignofresidentialaccessroads,cyclewaysandfootpathstoservethedevelopmentshouldasfaraspossiblebesympathetictotheAuthority’swishes.So,forexample,ifatreeofvaluewassituatedwithinthevisibilitysplay,allattemptsshouldbemadetorepositiontheaccessifthiscanbedonesafely.

InresidentialareastheHighwayAuthoritywillnormallyonlyadoptthepavedsurfacesandvergeswhicharecriticaltothefunctioningofthehighway.

Smallareasofgrassshouldonlybepermittedwhereadequatemaintenancearrangementscanbeguaranteedfortheforeseeablefuture.

Appropriaterootprotectionsystemswillbeprovidedforalltreesandtheymustnotbeplantednearstructuresorservices.

Existingtrees,whichwillbecomemaintainableatpublicexpense,shallbethesubjectofaconditionsurveytoascertaintheirhealthandmaybesubjecttocommutedsumpaymentstocovertheirfuturemaintenancecosts.Highwaytreesshouldbeofslendergirthandmodestcanopy.Thetrunkshouldbemaintainedfreeofsideshootsandbranchestoaheightof2.1m.Thedevelopermayberequiredtopaycommutedsumsforthefuturemaintenanceofhighwaytrees.TheHighwayAuthoritywillworkcloselywiththelocalArboriculturalofficertoagreethemostsuitablespeciesandensureitiscompatiblewiththesitewideapproachtogreeninfrastructure.

Highwaylandscapefeaturesshouldbemaintainedbythedeveloperforaperiodof5years.

Thornyspeciesshallnotbeacceptedimmediatelyadjacenttofootwaysandcycletracks.Itisexpectedthatnonhighwayhedgesadjacenttotheprospectivehighwaywillbetransferredtofrontagersorthesitewidemanagementcompanytoensurefuturemaintenanceisaddressed..

Anynewcarriagewayshouldbeoutsidethecanopy(orreducedcanopyifreductionisdeemedsuitable)ofanyexistingtreetopreventdamagetothenewconstructionbythetreeroots.AnyworkunderthecanopyofdeciduoustreesorwithinaradiusofhalfoftheheightofconiferousspeciesshallcomplywithBS5837:2012.

3.6 Street LightingTheaimoftheWorcestershireStreetLightingserviceisto:

• Createasaferandmoresecurenighttimeenvironment,byprovidinganenergyefficientandcosteffectivesystemofstreetlightingandilluminatedsigns.

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Theobjectivesfornewdevelopmentsareto:

• Reducecrimeandthefearofcrime;

• Minimiseenvironmentalimpact;

• ImplementBestPracticeinsystemsandoperationsAllhighwaylighting,illuminatedsignandilluminatedbollardsmustbedesigned,specifiedandinstalledtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil(WCC)requirements.Therearetwomethodsfordeveloperstoachievetheaboverequirements,whichareprovidedinWorcestershire’sHighway’sSpecificationforNewDevelopments.However,developersneedtoalsotakeaccountoflocalattitudesrelatingtotheprovisionofstreetlighting,sothattheymightberelievedofthedutyofprovidingsuchwhereitisnotneeded.

3.7 DrainageGeneral RequirementsIngeneral,drainagesystemsshallbedesignedinaccordancewiththecurrenteditionofSewersforAdoptionandwiththeSpecificationaccompanyingthisDesignGuide.

WCCwelcomestheuseofSustainableUrbanDrainageSystems(SUDS)butdoesnotcurrentlyadoptSUDSsystems.TheHighwayAuthorityonlyacceptsadoptablehighwaydrainagethatconnectsdirectlyintosystemsthataremaintainedbyastatutorybody(e.g.SevernTrent).WhereadedicatedhighwaysurfacewatersystemisproposedaSUDSsystemcanbeconsideredbasedonthedesignproposalsandgeotechnicalconsiderations.

AllpipesthatonlycarrysurfacewaterfromtheadoptablehighwayareprospectivelymaintainablebytheHighwayAuthority.Pipesthatcarrysurfacewaterfromtheadoptablehighwayaswellasotherareassuchasroofs,privatedrivesetcmustbeadoptedbythewaterauthorityandmustcomplywiththeirrequirements.

Lateralconnectionsintopublicsewerswillremainprivatebutshallbedesignedandconstructedtoadoptablestandards.Allsuchconnectionsshallrunapproximatelyatrightanglestothecentrelineoftheroadtominimisetheirlength.

Sustainable Urban Drainage SolutionsWhileissuesexistastotheacceptanceofSustainableDrainageSolutions(SuDS)byvariousbodies,WorcestershireCountyCouncilexpectsdeveloperstoincorporatestorage,attenuationandfiltrationmeasuresinaccordancewith‘SUDS-AGuideforDevelopers’bytheEnvironmentAgencyand‘SUDS-ADesignManualforEnglandandWales’byCIRIA.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillexamineallproposalsforSUDSandjudgethemontheirmerits.Permeabilitytestsandhydrologysurveyswillberequiredtoverifythesuitabilityofthedesignsandcommutedsumswillberequiredforongoingmaintenanceofthesystems.TheamountofthecommutedsumswillbecalculatedbytheCouncilandwillreflectthespecialmaintenancerequirementsoftheproposedsystem.

TheSUDSproposalsforadevelopmentshallbesubmittedalongwithgeologyandhydrologyinformation,atplanningapplicationstage.AnyproposalsforoutfallsintoexistingwatercoursesorpondsshallbeaccompaniedbyanenvironmentalimpactreportandobviouslysuchoutfallswillneedConsenttoDischargefromtheEnvironmentAgency.

PrivateSUDSdrainageshalldrainintothewaterauthoritysurfacewatersewersandanyinfiltrationwillbeintoprivateland.SUDSforthehighwayshalldrainintothehighwaydrainnetworkandanyinfiltrationwillbewithinhighway/publicareas.

Adoption RequirementsWherefoulorsurfacewatersewersaretobelaidundertheadoptablehighwayorwherethehighwaydrainageistobeconnectedintoasurfacewatersewer,writtenassurancemustbeobtainedbeforehandthatthewaterauthoritywilladoptthesewers,subjecttocompliancewiththeiradoptionprocedure.

TheHighwayAuthoritywillnormallydeclinetoadoptanyhighwaycoveredbyaSection38agreementuntilthewaterauthorityhasconfirmedtheadoptionofallsewerswithinthehighway.Thisalsoincludesanyothersewersnotwithintheadoptablehighwaybutwhichcarrywaterfromit.

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AlldrainsthatareintendedtobeadoptedashighwaydrainsshalldischargetoapipeorwatercourseatapointapprovedbytheHighwayAuthority.Evidencewillberequiredthatthedeveloperhasrighttodischarge,freeofanyliabilitywhichmaybebindingupontheHighwayAuthoritywhenthedrainisadopted.

Privatedrainswillnotnormallybepermittedwithintheadoptablehighway.

AllprospectivelymaintainablehighwaydrainsshallbelocatedwithinlandthatistobeadoptedbytheHighwayAuthority.Onlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswilltheybepermittedinlandthatistoremainprivate.

WheresuchcircumstancesdoarisethelandowneratthetimeofcompletingaSection38Agreementwillberequiredtogiveagrantofeasementkeeping3meachsideofthepipeclearofallobstructions,whichwillbebindingonsuccessorsintitle.ThedeveloperisstronglyadvisednottosellanylandthatwillcontainahighwaydrainbeforecompletionofsuchanAgreement.TheHighwayAuthoritywillnotacceptanydifferentformofundertaking,whichdilutestherightsconferredonit.

Outfalls And WatercoursesWheretheoutfallisintoaditchorwatercoursetheapprovaloftheEnvironmentAgencymustbeobtainedinwriting.

Wheretheoutfallisproposedtobethroughanexistinghighwaydrainthedeveloperwillberequiredtoproveitscapacityandconditionbeforeapprovalfortheconnectioncanbegiven.ThiswillincludeaCCTVsurveyofthedrainandthecarryingoutofanyimprovementworksfoundtobenecessary.

Wherethehighwaydraindischargesintoawatercourse,calculationsshalltakeintoaccountthepossibilitythatthewatercoursemaybeflooded.

TheCouncilmayconsidertheuseofcombinedkerbanddrainagesystemsdependingonthesituationanddesignsubmittedforapproval.

IncertaincasestheCouncilmayrequiretheprovisionofalargercapacitydrainthanwould

normallybeneededinordertoaccommodatethedrainageofadjoininglandand/orfuturedevelopment.

SoakawaysWheresoakawaysaretobeconsidereditwillbeatthediscretionandapprovaloftheDirectorofEconomyandInfrastructureServicesandwillbeconsideredasalastresortonly(refertoSpecification,Section13).TheDeveloperistonotethatacommutedsummaybechargedforeachsoakawayinstalled.

Theminimumdiametershallbe1500mm.

Ifmorethanonesoakawayisplanned,theyaretobelinkedbya225mmdiameterpipe.

ThesoakawaysaretobesurroundedbyTerramorsimilar,laidbetweenthechamberandthefiltermaterial.Theappropriatefiltermaterialtobeusedwillvaryaccordingtoprevalentgroundconditions.Wherepossible,thesoakawayistoincorporateanoverflowlink(minimumdiameter225mm)toanexistinghighwaydrain/outfallsystem.

Drainage DesignGullyspacingshallbedeterminedusingtherecommendationsofHA102/00,SpacingofRoadGullies.Gullieswillberequiredimmediatelyupstreamofblockpaviours,pedestriancrossingpointsandroadjunctionsbutshallneverbelocatedonacrossingpoint.Itisthedeveloper’sresponsibilitytodemonstrateandensurethatthenumberandpositioningofgulliesisadequatetodrainthehighway.

Theparameterstobeusedduringthedrainagedesignareaslistedbelow:

Rainfall average return period 2years

Rainfall average return period (risk of flooding)

120years

Time of entry 4minutes

Design flow velocities 0.75m/s(Min)7.5m/s(Max)

Minimum gradient 1:225

Design maximum rainfall 50mm/hour

Minimum pipe diameter 225mm

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3.8 StructuresStructuresthatareconsideredto‘potentiallyaffect’thesafetyofthehighway,whethertobeadoptedornotandpermanentortemporary,whereWorcestershireCountyCouncilarethehighwayauthorityaretofollowtechnicalapprovalproceduresassetoutinthe‘TechnicalApprovalofHighwayStructures’BD2oftheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesvolume1section1.AfterApril1st2010andunlessagreedwiththeTechnicalApprovalAuthority(TAA)Eurocodesmustbeusedforthedesignandmodificationofexistinghighwaystructures(includinggeotechnicalworks)

WhereWorcestershireCountyCouncilisthehighwayauthorityforthepurposesofthisguidereferencestotheTAAinBD2meansWorcestershireCountyCouncil.

AllstructuresshallbedesignedinaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridges[DMRB],andconstructedinaccordancewiththeSpecificationforHighwayWorks[SHW].

BD2/05‘TechnicalApprovalofHighwayStructures’althoughbasedonpreviousdesignstandards,manyofwhicharenowwithdrawn,remainscurrentatthetimeofwriting.TherearestandardswithintheDMRBwhichhavenotbeenwithdrawnbutconflictwiththeEurocodes.WherethereisconflictbetweenstandardswithintheDMRB,includingBD2,andtheEurocodestherequirementsoftheEurocodestakeprecedence.Thisguidancewillbeupdatedtorespondtoanychangesinlegislation/guidancebroughtaboutbyBrexit.

TheDirectorofEconomyandInfrastructureServicesortheirappointedrepresentativewilladvisedevelopersofthedeterminedcategoryforanyproposedstructures.Allstructuresexceptforcategory0willrequireanAgreementinPrinciple(AIP)tobesubmittedandacceptedpriortoanydesignwork[onlycompletedversionsoftheformsinappendixCofthisguidewillbeaccepted–wordversionsavailableonrequest].CurrentlythereisnoguidancewithinthepublicdomaincoveringtherequiredchangestoeithertheAIPordesignandcheckcertificates.UntiltheDMRBisupdatedfortheapplicationof

EurocodesguidanceshouldbesoughtfromtheTAAonthismatterAnydesignworkcompletedpriortotheacceptanceoftheAIPwillbeatthedevelopers’risk,whetherornottheworkcompletediscompliantwiththeDMRB.

TheHighwayAuthorityreservestherighttoalterthedesignstandardsasitconsidersnecessaryandthiswillbecommunicatedbeforeandwherenecessaryduringthesubmissionoftheAIP.Earlyconsultationforstructuralrequirementsisstronglyadvised.

AllstructurescoveredbyBD2willrequireDesignandCheckCertificates,andConstructionComplianceCertificates[onlycompletedversionsoftheformsinappendixCofthisguidewillbeaccepted–wordversionsavailableonrequest].

TheAIP,orinthecaseofcategory0structuressubmittedwiththeDesignandCheckcertificate,mustcontainevidenceofconsultationanddiscussionswithstatutoryundertakers,planningauthorities,theEnvironmentAgencyandanyotherrelevantbodystatutoryorotherwise.

TheAIPmustcontainrelevantextractsfromthegeotechnicalgroundinvestigationincludingallrelevanttestingfortheproposeddesign.

Alistofstructurestobesubjectoftechnicalapprovalisasfollows:

• Allbridgesoverorunderthehighway

• Allculvertspipescrossingunderthehighwaygreaterthan0.9mspan

• Pipesorculvertedstreamsorotherstructuresgreaterthan0.9mspanordiameteralongthehighwayeithermaintainedprivatelyorbystatutoryundertakers.

• Anystructureswhicharenotpipeslessthan0.9mspan/diameter

• Retainingwallsgreaterthan4feetinheightandwithin4yardsofthehighwayboundaryasdescribedinsection167ofTheHighways

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Act1980.

• Anyretainingwallwithin4yardsofthehighwayretainingslopingground.

• Anyretainingwallsupportingthehighwayregardlessofheight.

• Anyprivatecellarorbasementunderoradjacenttothehighway

• Reinforcedearthstructureswithorwithouthardfacings,includesgabionandcriblockwalls.

• HighmastsandlightingcolumnscompliantwiththestandardforthedesignofminorstructuresBD94/07willbecategory0unlessnotifiedotherwise.

• HighmastsandlightingcolumnsnotcompliantwiththestandardforthedesignofminorstructuresBD94/07willbecategory1unlessnotifiedotherwise.

• Anypartofabuildingstructureoverhangingthehighway

• Highwaysignpostsgreaterthan7minheight.

• Anytemporaryworkswhicharedescribedasabove.

• Structuresrequiredtobeassessedbythehighwayauthoritywhetherornotmaintainedbythem.

NOTE:ThislistmaynotbeexhaustiveanddevelopersareurgedtoconsultwiththeHighwayAuthorityattheearliestpossiblestage.

Wheredeveloperscombinevariousstructuralcomponents,eachwithdifferentdesigners,tobeincorporatedintoonestructuretheywillundertaketoprovideoneDesignandCheckCertificate[s]fromtheprincipaldesignerthattakesresponsibilityforthewholestructure[andincludesreferencetoandcopiesofthedesignandcheckcertificatesofthecomponentparts].Examplesofthismightinclude:

• abridgethatcomprisesofinsitucastabutmentswithpre-castconcretedeck

beams,or

• castinsituordrivenpilesonwhichinsituabutments/piersareconstructed,and

• temporaryworksAdoptionOfStructuresByTheCouncilTheCouncilmayadoptcertainstructuresadjacentto,underoroverthehighway.Innormalcircumstances,theonlystructuresthatwillbeconsideredforadoptionarethoseuponwhichtheHighwayreliesforsupportandareconstructedonHighwayland.

Allstructurestobeadoptedshouldhavereceivedstructuralapprovalinaccordancewiththeproceduresshownasfollows:

SCENARIO1-Allnewstructuresunderanexistinghighway,orprospectivelyadoptablehighway:

• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2

• Whereanypartofthestructure[includingapproachembankments,etc]extendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedtopublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.Thisincludesalllandwithinthe‘footprint’ofthestructure.

• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.

• TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsagreeabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.

• CommutedsumsshallbepaidtotheHighwayAuthoritybythedevelopertocoverfuturemaintenance,and/orreconstruction.

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SCENARIO2-Allnewstructuresoveranexistinghighwaywhereitisintendedthatthestructurewillcarryaprospectivelyadoptablehighway:


• Whereanypartofthestructure[includingapproachembankments,etc]extendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedashighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.Thisincludesalllandwithinthe‘footprint’ofthestructure.

• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority

• TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsagreeabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.


SCENARIO3-Structuressupportingthehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoprivatehousingdevelopments:


• WhereanypartofthestructureextendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.

• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’around

allstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsacceptabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.


SCENARIO4-Structuressupportinglandabovethehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoprivatehousingdevelopments:


• LandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.

• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsacceptabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.


ApprovalOfStructuresNotToBeAdoptedByTheCouncilThefollowingstructuresalthoughnotnecessarilytobeadoptedbytheCouncilrequireStructuralApproval.

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• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:

• Anywallorbasementconstructedonprivatelandbyanindividualordeveloperthataffectsthesupportofthehighway;

• BridgescrossingtheHighwaywherethereisnopublicaccesstothebridge;[Requireslicences176ofHighwaysAct1980.Requiresconditiontopayforremovaloralterationsrequiredbyhighwayauthority]

• Retainingwallswhereanypartoftheretainingwallis1.20mabovetheboundaryofthehighwaynearestthatpoint;and

• Buriedstructuresover0.9mspan/diametercarryingservicesorplantS330HighwaysAct1980requiresSUtogainapprovalfromthehighwayauthority.

Thereforeanystructureshouldbeconsideredbutgeneralaccesschambersusingprecastunitsshouldnotneedapproval.LongitudinalstructureswhichusebespokepartsincludingpipeandPCboxsectionsshouldbesubjecttoTA.

SCENARIO5-Allnewstructuresunderanexistinghighway,orprospectivelyadoptablehighwayprovidedbyorforStatutoryUndertakings[e.g.floodattenuation,stormoverflows].


• Structuresshouldideallybelocatedawayfromthecarriageway,orinpublicopenspace,ifthiscannotbeachievedthentheyshouldbesopositionedandagreedwiththeHighwayAuthoritysoasnottoprohibitthefutureuseofthehighwayduring:

• Cycliccleansing

• Maintenanceofthestructure

SCENARIO6-Structuressupportingthehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]:adjacenttoongoingcommercialdevelopments.


• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendoneateachcyclespecifiedwithinthecode.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.

• Thedeveloperwillcarryannualinsurance,and/orindemnifytheHighwayAuthorityagainstallsuchclaimsarisingfromtheconstruction,presence,use,andmaintenanceofthestructure.Writtenevidenceshallbeprovidedonanannualbasisthatsuchindemnityisprovided.

• Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.

SCENARIO7-Structuressupportinglandabovethehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoongoingcommercialdevelopments.


• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendoneateachcyclespecifiedwithinthecode.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.


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• Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.

SCENARIO8-Allnewandtobemodifiedstructuresoveranexistinghighwaywheretheuseistoremainprivate[serviceandaccess].


• Whereverpossibletheseshouldbeconstructedsuchthatallsupportingcomponentsarelocatedwithinlandtoremainprivate.

• Inparticulareveryattemptshouldbemadetoprevent,inuse,objectsfromfallingontothepublichighwaybeneath.

• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendone.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.


Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.

Assessment Of Existing Structures Eurocodesarenottobeusedfortheassessmentofexistingstructures.

AssessmentswillbeundertakeninaccordancewithBD21andtheassociatedstandardswithin

theDMRB.WherestructuresaremodifiedusingEurocodes,asstatedabove,thereisthepotentialforaconflictduetodifferencesintheeffectofactions.InthesecasestheTAAistobeconsultedforguidance.

AnyexistingstructurewhichmaybeconsideredtopotentiallyaffecthighwaysafetymayberequiredtobeassessedinaccordancewithBD2.AllstructuresthataretobemodifiedforthepurposesofthedevelopmentortobesubjectedtoincreasedmagnitudeorfrequencyofloadingshallbeassessedaccordingtoBD21.ThiswillbeundertakenaspartoftheDesignandCheckProcessinBD2.

Approval SubmissionsTheTechnicalApprovalProcessshallconsistforallstructureswhetheradoptableornotanAIPwhereappropriate,DesignandCheckCertificatesandConstructionCompliancecertificates.

TheAIPwillincludethefollowing:

• Generalarrangementdrawingshowinglocationandextentofallstructuresandinthecaseofwallsdetailinglengthstobeadoptedand/orover1.20mhighifapplicable;

• Sufficienttodeterminewallheights,givinggroundlevels,behindandinfrontofwallandanyfeaturesaffectingloadingssuchascovertoculverts;

• Clearancestodecksoffitandpiers/abutmentsshallbesubmittedforbridges

• Crosssectiondrawingsforretainingwallsannotatedwithproposedandexistinggroundlevels

• DesignersRiskAssessment;Thisistoincluderisksfordesign,construction,maintenanceandoperation,anddemolition

• Siteinvestigationdetailsandgeotechnicalassumptionsonwhichthedesignhasbeenbased.

Appropriatesectionsofthegeotechnicalreportshouldbeincluded.Thismustbegiveninsufficientdetailonthedrawingtoallowthe

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designersassumptionstobecomparedwiththeconditionsactuallyfoundonsitebythoseresponsibleforconstruction;

• Constructiondetailsandmaterialspecifications;

• Agreeddeparturesfromstandard.

ForCategory0structuresthedesignandcheckcertificatemustbeaccompaniedbythedesigncalculationswithfullreferencetothedesignstandardsused;andforstructuresthataretobeadoptedorforstructuresuponwhichtheHighwayreliesforsupport:DesignandConstructionCertificatesanditwillbeaconditionoftheapprovalthatdeveloperssubmitAs-BuiltdrawingsfortheCDMHeathandSafetyFile.

Forreferencetotherequiredstandards,DevelopersarerequestedtoreviewtheTechnicalApprovalScheduleaslistedinthecurrentversionofBD2.InadditiontothestandardsintheDesignmanualforRoadsandBridgesdevelopersmayberequiredtocomplywithinterimadvicenotespublishedbytheHighwaysAgency.WCCwilladvisedevelopersonaschemebasisduringthetechnicalapprovalprocess.

Departures From StandardDeparturesfromstandardsapplicabletoEurocodeswillonlybeacceptedwheretheprincipleorconceptisnotcoveredthereinorisaproposedalterationtothenationalannexwhichdoesnotconflictwiththeEurocode.IfitisarequirementthatdesignerscomplywiththeprinciplesoftheEurocodestheseclausesaredenotedwithaletterP.ItispermissibletousealternativedesignrulesdifferentfromtheApplicationRulesgiveninEN1990forworks,providedthatitisshownthatthealternativerulesaccordwiththerelevantPrinciplesandareatleastequivalentwithregardtothestructuralsafety,serviceabilityanddurabilitywhichwouldbeexpectedwhenusingtheEurocodes.

Theremaybeinstanceswhereduetositeconstraintsornatureofthedevelopmentthatitisnotpossibletodesignworksinaccordancewiththeappropriatehighway

standard.Inthesecasesthedevelopercanapplyforadeparturefromthestandards.

Departureswillonlybegrantedwhenthesiteconstraintspreventtheimplementationofthestandard.Arequestforadepartureshouldcontainthefollowing:

Proposed departure• Reasonsfordeparture

• Consequencesofthedeparture,particularlyanyincreasesinrisksorhazards.

• Ariskassessmentforcomplyingwiththestandardandoneforthedeparture.

NormallyalldeparturesaretobeagreedpriortotheacceptanceoftheAIPandshallbeincludedintheAIP.

Bridge Maintenance Manual/Health And Safety FileOncompletionoftheworktheDevelopermustprovideaBridgeMaintenanceManualcontaining:

• Detailsofthematerialsusedinconstructionandthesupplier;

• Requirementsforfuturemaintenance;

• AnysurveyandgeotechnicaldetailsundertakenonthesiteoftheStructure;

• Detailsofproblemsencounteredduringconstructionthatmayhavealong-termeffectonthestructure;

• Anyaccessarrangementsforfuturemaintenance;

• AsbuiltdrawingsaselectronicTIF,DXForAutoCADfiles;

• Designcalculations;andSpecialarrangementsrequiredfordemolition.

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TheaboveinformationwillcomprisethedocumentationyouhavetolegallyprovideundertheCDMRegulations.Inadditiontocontentslisted,thefollowingmustbeincluded:

• Allrelevantdocumentationfromthetechnicalapprovalprocess

• ApprovalinPrinciple

• DesignandCheckcertificates

• ConstructionComplianceCertificate

ThesearetobecopiesoftheacceptedcertificatebytheTAA:

• Appropriatecertificationofcomponents,VRSsystems,qualityassurancecertificationforreinforcementandconcretesuppliers,waterproofingandothermaterials.

• Certificatesforanymaterialorintegritytestingundertaken,i.e.concretecuberesultsorintegritytestingofpiles

• Anyresidualrisksorhazardswithinthestructure,similarconfinedspace,hazardousmaterialsusedinconstructionorhazardsfoundwithintheoriginalground.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilhasastandardformatforHealthandSafetyFiles,acopyofwhichisavailableonrequest.

3.9 Statutory and Other ServicesNewestateroadsshouldbedesignedtoaccommodateservicesandliaisonwithallstatutoryundertakersandcommunicationsprovidersshouldbedoneattheearlieststagepossibletoensurethattheirequipmentisinstalledinanefficientmannerandasmuchaspossibletocomplywiththerecommendationsoftheNationalJointUtilitiesGroup.

Althoughthisideaisnotalwayspossibleitisimportanttoensurethatservicesdonotconflict.

Allcategoriesofestateroadshouldhaveeitherfootwaysorservicestripsinwhichserviceswillbelocated.TheHighwayAuthoritywillnotadoptlandthesolepurposeofwhichistocontainservices.Anylandmusthaveajustifiableconnectionwiththehighwayandbeclearlyadoptableashighway.

Thelayingofapparatuswithinthecarriagewaywillnotgenerallybepermittedalthoughatjunctionsandinthecaseofpublicsewersexceptionsareclearlyunavoidable.

TheDevelopershallensurethatservicestripsareclearofpermanentobstructions.Anytreesshallbelocatedsothattheirrootsystemswhenmaturewillneitherdamageapparatus,norbedamagedduringthelayingandmaintenanceofapparatus.Rootprotectionbarriersshouldbeused.Anapproachofintegrationwithsuitableprotectionshouldbeadoptedratherthantheseparationoflandscapingandservices.DevelopersshouldconsulttheLocalPlanningAuthorityregardinganyTreePreservationOrdersandshouldactinaccordancewithBS5837:2005duringconstructionworks.

ServicestripsshallbedelineatedfromprivatepropertybyHighwayBoundaryconcretemarkerblocks.

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Whenselectingroutesforservices,dualmainsinstallationsshouldbethenormtopreventcarriagewaycrossingsweakeningtheroadstructureandpreventingtheneedtodigupthecarriageway.

Whereservicesaretobelaidwithintheextentofthehighway,ideally,theappropriateutilitycompanyshouldlaytherequiredservice.Whereservicesarenotlaidorsubsequentlyadoptedbytheappropriateutilitycompany,theyshouldnotbelaidwithintheextentofthehighway.

Inexceptionalcircumstances,whereunadoptedservicescannotbeavoidedwithinthelimitofthehighway,asection50licensewillberequiredbeforethehighwaycanbeadopted.

3.10 The Street HierarchyAsstatedpreviously,thedesignofnewstreetsshouldtakeintoaccounttheintendedlinkandplacefunctionsofthestreet,aswellasthetype,densityandcharacterofthedevelopment.Developingastreetscapeenvironmentshouldalso,whereappropriate,beaccessible,comfortableandsafeforpedestrians.Furthermoreintegrationofthesurroundinglandscapeandecologicalcontextofthesitemustbeintegraltoanydesigndevelopment.

Carriagewaywidthsshouldbeappropriatefortheparticularcontextanduseofthestreet.

Keyfactorstotakeintoaccountinclude:

• Thevolumeofvehiculartrafficandpedestrianactivity;

• Thetrafficcomposition;

• Therequirementsforcleardemarcationbetweencarriagewayandfootways;

• Ifonstreetparkingistobeprovided,itsdistribution,arrangement,thefrequencyofoccupationandanyneedforenforcement;

• Designspeeds;

• Curvatureofthestreet,includingincreasedwidthforbendstoaccommodateswept

pathsoflargervehicles;anyintentiontoincludesinglelaneworkingintwowaystreets.

Thefollowingstreetdefinitionsprovideadesigncharacterforatypicalstreet.Variationfromthesedefinitionsisencouraged,althoughtheseshouldbesupportedwithclearjustificationofhowthesevariationswillcontinuetomeettherequirementssetoutinrelevantstatutorylegislationandnonstatutoryguidance.

3.11 Innovative Street DesignWorcestershireCountyCouncilwelcomesinnovativedesignproposals.Whereinnovativedesignsareproposedforadoptionaspublichighway,thefollowingguidelinesshouldbefollowed:

• Aswithstandardstreetdesigns,thedesignermustensurethatanEqualityImpactAssessment,(whichevidencesDueRegardtotheaimsoftheEqualityDutyasrequiredbySection149oftheEqualityAct,2010isundertaken;

• Designshouldbebespoketotheroadandthedevelopment;

• Designspeedsshouldbeamaximumof10mphonallprospectivehighwaysandstreetfurnitureandlandscapingshouldbeusedtoachievethis;

• Materialsshouldhelplegibilityandcreateasenseofplacewherethecarisaguest,theyalsoshouldbereadilysourced;

• GreenInfrastructureshouldbeprovidedinaccordancewiththeCountyCouncilsGIStrategy.

• DrainageisakeyconsiderationinInnovativedesignandshouldbeconsideredatanearlystage.

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3.12 Enhanced StreetsStreetswherethepublicrealmhasbeenimprovedandrestrictionsonpedestrianmovement(e.g.,guardrail)havebeenremovedbutconventionaltrafficcontrolslargelyremain.

Design Details for Enhanced Streets

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-20mph,achievedthroughmeasuressuchassurfacechanges,visualnarrowing,sensitiveparkingprovisionandgreeninfrastructure.

Street Dimensions and Character

CarriagewayWidth-Nolessthan5.5metres(ifstreetisidentifiedasabusroutethenconsiderationshouldbegiventoincreasingwidthto6.1metres)

Footway-Aminimumfootwaywidthof3.5metresshouldbeprovided,butthefinalwidthofthetotalfootway/cyclewayshouldbedeterminedbyacomfortassessmentandwhererequiredshouldbewider.Adequatespaceshouldbeprovidedwithinadedicatedfurniturefootwayzonetoaccommodatestreetlightingcolumns,cycleparkingstands,planters,binsandbenchesspecifiedandafootwayclearzoneprovidedforuninhibitedaccessforfootwayusers.

Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess

Street Design Details

OnStreetParking-Discretelypositionedon-street,parallel,unallocatedparkingbaysforvisitorusewillbepermittedatagreedlocations.Parallelbaysshouldbeaminimumof2metresx6metreswitha1metre‘pullout’stripinaddition.Amaximumof3contiguousbayswillbepermitted.ATrafficRegulationOrdermayberequired,andshouldbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis

JunctionRadii-Typically6metres,orsufficienttoaccommodateaFTAidentified10-metrerigidvehicle.

Landscaping-ThelandscapingshouldreflecttheGreenInfrastructurestrategyforthecharacterareaofthesite.Existingtreesshouldbeaccommodatedwithinthedesignandremovalofthemshouldbethelastresort.NewGreenInfrastructureshouldbeincorporatedaspartoftheservicemarginusinganappropriatedesignsolution.

Biodiversity-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Street

treesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapefor

speciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.

Materials

MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadam,withcontrastingmaterialsbeingconsideredfortrafficcalmingfeatureswhereappropriate.

Footway-Predominantlymacadam,theuseofpaversorfinetexturedpre-castflagsinappropriatelocationsmaybeconsidered.Alternativesurfacingmaterialsmustbesuitabletowithstandaccidentalmountingbyalltypesofvehicle.

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3.13 Informal StreetsStreetswhereformaltrafficcontrols(signs,markingsandsignals)areabsentorreduced.

Design Details for Informal Streets

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-20mph,achievedthroughmeasuressuchassurfacechanges,visualnarrowing,centralreservations,sensitiveparkingprovisionandgreeninfrastructure.


CarriagewayWidth-5.5metres(ifstreetisidentifiedasabusroutethenconsiderationshouldbegiventoincreasingwidthto6.1metres).

Footway-Aminimumof2metres.Wherenecessarystreetfurnitureareaccommodatedinthefootway(suchasstreetlightingcolumns,cycleparkingstands,planters,binsandbenches)thenawiderfootwayshouldbespecified.

Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess.


OnStreetParking-ResidentialDistributorsareenvisagedasbeingamoretraditionalresidentialstreet,withonstreetvisitorparkingprovidedwithinthehighwayextent.Whereidentifiedasabusroutesomediscretelypositionedon-streetunallocatedparallelparkingbaysforvisitoruse,willbepermittedatagreedlocationstopreservebusjourneytimereliabilityandpunctuality.Parallelbaysshouldbe2metresx6metreswitha1metre‘pullout’strip.Amaximumof3contiguousbayswillbepermitted.

JunctionRadii-Typically6.0morsufficienttoaccommodatethelocalrefusecollectionvehicle.Aminimumcentre-lineradiusof20metresshouldbeprovided.

Landscaping-Greeninfrastructurecansignificantlyaddtothequalityofthestreetscape.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.

Materials

MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadam

Footway-Predominantlymacadam,theuseofpaversorfinetexturedpre-castflagsinsmallappropriatelocationsmaybeconsidered.Alternativesurfacingmaterialsmustbesuitabletowithstandaccidentalmountingbyalltypesofvehicle.

Kerbing-Lowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.

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3.14 Pedestrian Prioritised StreetStreetswherepedestriansfeelthattheycanmovefreelyanywhereandwheredriversfeeltheyareaguest.PedestrianPrioritisedStreetsshouldnothavevehiclemovementsexceeding100vehiclesperhour.

Design Details for Pedestrian Prioritised Streets

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-15mph,achievedthroughvariationsincarriagewaywidth,horizontalalignmentofthecarriagewayandprovisionofon-streetparkingfacilities.


CarriagewayWidth-Variablewidth,predominantlybetween4.1and6metres,narrowingtoaminimumof3.7metresonshortlengths.

Footway/Verge-A2metrewideservicemargin/footway/vergeshouldbeprovidedtofacilitatetheprovisionofstreetlightingand/orstatutoryundertaker’sequipment.Thisfacilityshouldbedefinedwithintheextentofthehighwaybytheintroductionofphysicaldemarcation,suchasalowlevelkerb.



OnStreetParking-Designersshoulduselocalcarriagewaywideningtoaccommodatethis.

JunctionRadii-Typically6.0morsufficienttoaccommodateaFTA10mrigidvehicle.Smallerradiiwillbeencouragedand/orvehicularfootwaycrossingswhereappropriate.Aminimumcentre-linecarriagewayradiusof15metresshouldbeprovided.

Landscaping-Greeninfrastructureshouldbeusedextensivelytosoftenhighwayinfrastructureandaddtothevisualappealofthestreet.ThelandscapingshouldconsidertheGreenInfrastructurestrategyforthecharacterareaofthesite.Existingtreesshouldbeaccommodatedwithinthedesignandremovalofthemshouldbethelastresort.NewGreenInfrastructureshouldbeincorporatedaspartoftheservicemarginusinganappropriatedesignsolution.

Biodiversity-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Streettreesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapeforspeciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.

Materials

MainCarriageway-Acombinationofconcreteblockpavingwithmacadamwouldbeconsideredsuitable.Parkingareas,junctions,slowpointsandtrafficmanagementfeatureswillneedtobehighlighted,usingdifferentmaterials.

Kerbing-Lowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.

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3.15 Private Shared Drives and Courtyard Parking AreasAprivatedrivewaycanserveoneormoreproperties,uptoamaximumofsix,afterwhichthetrafficgeneratedandnumberofturningmovementsassociatedwiththedrivewayisconsideredsufficientfortheaccesstobeconsideredforadoptionbytheLocalHighwayAuthority.

Communalprivateparkingareascanbeconsideredanexceptionduetotheneedgeneratedbythetypeandlayoutofthedevelopment.Privatedrivewaysarealsoappropriateforsmallscalecommercialdevelopment.

TheseareasarenotconsideredofsufficientpublicutilitytowarrantadoptionbytheHighwayAuthority.

Design Details for Private Shared Drives and Courtyard Parking Areas

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-10mph


Carriageway-Asharedsurfaceservingmorethantwopropertiescanbeofvaryingwidth,butmustbeaminimumof4.1metresforthefirst15metresbehindthebackofthecarriagewaytoallowtwovehiclestoenterandleavesimultaneously.Turningfacilityprovidedforcarswherecul-de-sacsarelongerthan20metres(ManualforStreets,Paragraph6.8.3)Refusecollectionpointsshouldbeprovidedwithin25metresofthehighway.

Theconnectiontothepriorityroadshallbelaidoutasperafootwaycrossing,inaccordancewithSection184oftheHighwaysAct,1980,whereapplicable.

Footway-Partoftheshareddriveway


Parking-Allcarparkingshouldbeprovidedoff-street.Provisionmustbemadetoenterandexitinaforwardgearonroadswithhighlevelsofvehicleflow.In/outdrivearrangementsareonlypermittedwherespaceallowsformanoeuvringwithinthesiteanddoesnotrelyontheuseofbothaccesses,fullvisibilityisrequiredatbothaccesses.Carparkingspacesmustbedelineatedtomaximizeoccupancyandcourteousbehaviour,whichmaynototherwisebeachievedthrougherrantparking.

JunctionRadii-Vehicularfootwaycrossover.Vehiclestoenterandexitat90ºtothekerbline.

PavingStyle-Pavingstyletosuitimmediateenvironmentofthepublicrealmsetting.

Landscaping-Alandscapeschemeshouldbeintegraltothedesignofthespaceusingtreesandshrubs.NativespeciesofHedgerowandtrees,andvegetatedditchesshouldbeincorporatedwhereverpossible.

Materials

MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadamand/orconcreteblockpavinglaidinaherringboneortegularpattern.Astretchercourseofblocksshouldbeusedtoidentifytheedgeofaparkingareas,junctions,slowpointsandtrafficmanagementfeaturesasappropriate.

Intersections-Adequatevehicularandpedestrianvisibilitymustbeprovided.

KerbingLowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.Levelsurfaceswillbeconsidered.

StreetLightingAnystreetlightingprovisionwillremaininprivateownership.

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3.16 Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) RoutesInallcases,ActiveTravelRoutesinnewdevelopmentsshouldbedesignedtoensuretheyprovideamoredirectandconvenientmeansofaccessingservicesandfacilitiesthanbyusingthehighwaynetworkalone.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilrequiresthatActiveTravelRoutesaretobeclearlymarkedtoprovideadequateseparationofpedestriansandcyclists,recognisingtheaccessibilityandsafetybenefitsofthisapproach.Theyshouldbedesignedtominimisetheneedforcycliststostopandtomaintainaspeedofapproximately12mph.

Design Details for Active Travel Routes

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-15mphforcyclists


ActiveTravelRouteWidth-Separated,sharedfacilitiesarerequired.ActiveTravelRoutesshouldbeaminimumof3.5metreswidetoallowfortwocyclestopasseachothercomfortably,withanassociated1metreservicemargin/vergetoaccommodatestreetlightingwhereappropriate.


CycleParking-Securecycleparkingshouldbeprovidedinthevicinityofalltripattractors,positionedtoensuremaximumvisibility,butnotinlocationswhereitwouldbecomeanobstacletopedestriansorcyclists.

ProtectionfromVehicularUse-Bollardsshouldbeusedtopreventuseoffootwaysandcyclewaysbymotorvehicles.Guardrailingmustnotbeused.

Biodiversityandlandscape-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Hedges,treesandwildflowervergesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapeforspeciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.Thiswillalsoenhancetheuserexperiencealongtheroute.

Materials

Carriageway-ActiveTravelRoutesshouldbeexclusivelyofmacadam(HotRolledAsphaltispreferredtominimiserollingresistance).Moreporousmaterialswillbeconsideredforleisureroutes.

Demarcation-Flushkerbingorgreeninfrastructureshouldbeusedtodemarcatecyclewaysandfootways,asrequired.

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3.17 Industrial Access RoadsIndustrialaccessroadsaretobeprovidedtoserveindustrialoremploymentareaswhereHGVmovementsaretobeaccommodatedonaregularbasis.Carriagewaywidthsmayneedtobeincreasedtoaccommodatealltypesofvehiclesexpectedtoaccessthesesites.

Design Details for Industrial Access Roads

Traffic Speed

DesignSpeed-30mph


CarriagewayWidth-6.7metresminimum,uptoamaximumof7.3metresifrequiredtoaccommodatelargervehicles.

ActiveTravelRoute-Aseparatedactivetravelrouteshouldbeprovidedwhichrunsparallel,providingdirectaccesstoalltripattractorsinthesite.Thisshouldbeseparatedfromthehighwaybyaminimum1metregreeninfrastructurestrip.



OnStreetParking-Parkingonthehighwaywillnotbepermitted.ThiswillnecessitatetheimplementationofaTrafficRegulationOrderiftheroadistobeadoptedbytheHighwayAuthority.

JunctionRadii-Typically10metres.Trackingmustbeprovidedforthelargestpermittedvehicle.

LandscapingGreeninfrastructurehasastrongroletomitigatetheimpactsofmajorindustrial/employmentusesontheadjacentlandscape.ThelandscapingcanbeintegratedwithSuDSdrainageusingswalesandtreeplantingtoprovideadditionalGIbenefitsaspartofasitewideSuDSandGIstrategy.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.

BiodiversityGreeninfrastructurehasastrongroletomitigatetheimpactsofmajorindustrial/employmentusesonthebiodiversity.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.

Materials

MainCarriageway-Macadam

KerbingPre-castconcretekerbs.Larger,morerobustkerbingmayberequiredtopreventoverrunninganddamagetogreeninfrastructure.

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4. Planning for Parking4.1 Introduction

On25thMarch2015,aMinisterialStatementupdatedParagraph39oftheNationalPlanningPolicyFramework,providingfurtherdetailontheapplicationofparkingstandards,thisstatementhasbeenincorporatedinthedraftrevisionsoftheNPPF.ThisdocumentseekstoprovideanapproachastohowcarparkinginWorcestershireshouldbeprovidedtosupportnewandexpandingbusinessandresidentialdevelopmentinamannerwhichembracestheNPPF.

Itisconsideredthatiftheapplicantistheenduserthattheyarewellplacedtoassessoperationaldemandsbutallsitesmustbeconsideredagainstaplanninguseclasstoensuretheyequallyaddresstheneedsoffutureusers.ThereforeapplicationsshouldprovideasuitableevidencebasetoensurevehiclesarenotdisplacedontotheHighwaytoensurehighwaysafetyisnotcompromisedandmaintainthefreeflowoftraffictothebenefitofthelocaleconomy.

ThisdocumentonlyreflectsasmallpartofmanagingvehicledemandsandthereforeshouldbereadalongsidetheLocalTransportPlanwhichcontainspoliciestopromotesustainabletravelthroughtheprovisionofphysicalinfrastructureandtravelplanninginitiatives.

4.2 ResidentialHouses and Apartments Thereisnodirectrelationshipbetweencarparkingprovisionandchoiceoftransportmode,soaminimumprovisionforresidentialneedshouldbemadetoensuresuitableincurtilagestorage.

Thefollowingaretheminimumrequirements:

1BedroomUnit-1Space,1cyclespace

2–3BedroomUnits–2Spaces,2cyclespaces

4–5BedroomUnits–3Spaces*,2cyclespaces

* InRuralparishesofRedditchthisshouldbeincreasedto4spaces.

Thesearetheminimumrequirements.TheyapplytobothAffordable/SocialHousingandMarketHousing.Therequirementsapplytoflats/apartmentsandhouses.Cycleparkingmustbesheltered,secureandeasilyaccessible

Garagesareexcludedfromthecarparkingcalculationsduetotheabilitytoconvertthemintohabitableaccommodationwithouttheneedforpermissionandtheirusageforpersonalstorageratherthanthatofavehicle.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilstronglyencouragesallpropertiestobeequippedwithUltraLowEmissionVehicles(ULEV)chargingpointsincludingprovisionwherecommunalparkingisprovided.ThispositionissupportedbytheNPPF.

Houses of Multiple Occupancy

HousesofMultipleOccupancy(HMO’s)havetheirownseparateuseclassandassuchrequireaseparateparkingstandardfromthoseabove.TypicallyHMO’sinWorcestershirearelocatednearacademicestablishmentsandareinexistingresidentialcommunities,andassuchareattractivetostudents,howeverthisisnotexclusivelythecase.HMOswhichhave4bedroomsorlessdonotrequireplanningpermission,thereforenostandardsareindicatedforsub5bedrooms.

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Bedrooms Required Spaces

5 3

6 3

7 4

8 4

9+ DemonstrateProvision,butMinimumof4

Cyclestorageataratioof1spaceperbedroomshouldbeprovidedwheretheyaresheltered,secureandeasilyaccessible.

VisitorsThesearepermittedtobecountedwithinthestreetduetotheirshorttermdurationandinfrequentoccurrence.Whereexistingonstreetdemandorparkingrestrictionpreventsthisorforcommunalparkingareasoffroadprovisionshouldbemadeataratioof1spaceper5bedrooms.ForclarityHMOparkingprovisionsincludeallowancesforvisitors.Provisionshouldalsobemadeforcyclistswherespacesshouldbesharedandthenumberproportionatetothescaleofthedevelopment.

Car ClubsInareaswherehousingdensityisgreaterandthereisawiderrangeoftransportchoicescarfreedevelopmentwillbeencouraged.Howeverresidentsshouldstillbegiventheabilitytotravelbycarshouldtheychooseandwherethereissufficientcriticalmassintermsofdevelopmentorexistingpopulationtosupportaschemetheprovisionofacarclubcanprovideavaluableservice.WheretheseareproposedearlydiscussionswiththeHighwayAuthorityandcluboperatorsisneededtoensurelongtermviabilityandcitywidetakeup.

Care HomesTheseareamixofresidentialandemploymentuseswhichcanfallintoC2orC3uses.Mostsitesarepromotedbyestablishedcareproviderswhowillhaveexperienceofcomparablesites.Theapplicantshouldpresentappropriateuptodatedatafromsimilarsitesoncarparkingdemandtoinformlevelsfortheirproposalratherthanapplying

theresidentialC3standardswithmaynotbeappropriate.

Commercial / Industrial (Non-Residential)Commercialoperatorsshouldhaveagoodunderstandingoftheneedsoftheirbusinessandwilldeterminehowlandundertheircontrolcouldbemanaged.Carparkingneedisasubjectivematterparticularlyinthemindofneighbours;theapplicantshouldprovideaminimumparkingprovisionforeachdevelopmentalongwithanevidencebasetodemonstratetheappropriatenessoftheprovision.Tripratesaccumulationshouldeitherbederivedfromfirstprinciplesorfromexistingdata,forexample;TRICSorcomparisontofacilitiesofsimilarsizeandgeographiccircumstance.

Adequatespaceforheavygoods,deliveryandpublicservicevehiclesmustbemadewithinthesiteboundary,whichshouldnotconflictwiththeproposedparkingarrangements.

Parking Free DevelopmentForbothresidentialandcommercialdevelopmentsintownandcitycentrestheapplicantmaychoosenottoprovidecarparkingspacesatall.Considerationmustbegiventotheopportunitytoaccessthesitesustainably,theavailabilityandcapacityofpubliccarparks,existingparkingrestrictions,thenumberoflinkedtripsandtheimplementationofanapprovedTravelPlanorwelcomepack.Provisionforservicinganddeliveriesmustalwaysbemadewithinthesite,unlessthereisastrongfall-backpositionwhichwouldremovethisrequirement.

Educational FacilitiesAmaximumof1Spacepermemberofstaffhoweverinurbanlocationsstafflevelsshouldbereducedbasedontheavailabilityofalternativeoptions.Carfreedevelopmentispermissibledependingonthelocalcircumstances.Shelteredfacilitiestoprovideforpupilscooterstorageshouldbeprovidedinanaccessiblelocationforprimaryschoolsandcycleparkingforalleducationalfacilities.

Other Users Needs In Non ResidentialDevelopmentConsiderationandprovision

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mustbemadefordisabledbadgeholders,motorcycles,bicyclesandULEV.Thefollowingratiosarerequired.

AccessibleSpaces:

Size of Car Park (no of spaces)

Designated Bay Provision

1-50 2+3%oftotalcarpark




1000+ 6+3%oftotalcarpark

MotorcycleSpaces-1spaceper10carspaces,minimumprovision1space

BicycleSpaces:

• Offices(B1a)1spaceper30m2ofGFA.

• GeneralIndustryandStorage(B1c,B2,B8)1spaceper40m2ofGFA.

• Otherusesseehttp://www.camcycle.org.uk/resources/cycleparking/guide/appendix.html%20-%20standards.

ULEVChargingSpaces–Initially5%ofthetotalparkingspacesprovidedandafurther5%ofthetotalparkingspacesatanagreedtrigger.

Commercialdevelopmentmustbesupportedbyatravelplantopromotesustainabletravelchoicesirrespectiveofthenumberofcarparkingspacesprovidedandwhereatransportassessmentisprovidetheyshouldbeakeyfactorinmanagingtrafficgenerationandcarparkingsupply.

Specifications

CarParkingSpacesshouldbeaminimum2.4mx4.8m.Forresidentialdevelopmentcirculationspacearoundthevehicleisneededsodimensionsincreaseto3.2mx6m.Aminimumof6misrequiredinfrontofagaragedoor.

Garagescanbeusedtoprovidebicyclestorageaswellasforotherhouseholdstorageneeds,wherethisoccursgaragesshouldhaveaninternaldimensionof6mx3m.

Cyclestands–aminimumwidthof1mmustbeprovidedbetweencyclestands.Standsfornonstandardcyclesshouldbeallocatedattheendofastandardprovisionwithaminimumwidthof1.5mprovidedtoallowfordismounting.

Separatebinstorageareasshouldbeprovidedwhichdonotconflictwithanyproposedparkingspaces.

ULEVchargingsystemsshouldbe:

• Residential7kWchargingpoints.

• NonResidential22kWchargingpoints.

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5. Planning for Passenger Transport5.1 Philosophy

WorcestershireCountyCouncilrequiresdeveloperstoensureaccesstohighqualitypassengertransportfacilitiesandservicestooptimisetravelchoice,andensuresustainabledevelopment,regardlessofwhetheraresidential,commercialorindustrialdevelopment.

Itiscriticallyimportantthatdevelopmentseekstostrengthenthecommercialityofthepassengertransportnetwork.Todothis,itmustactivelycontributetowardsensuringpassengertransportisanattractivetravelchoice,whichassumesthatdevelopmentswillbedesignedtobenefitfrom:

• Qualityinfrastructureandinformation–tolimitwaittimes,ensurepassengercomfortandenableintuitivejourneyplanning;

• Qualitypassengertransportservices–tosupportpassengertransportcompaniestoofferdirect,fast,punctualandreliableservicesusingappropriatevehicles,whichareaffordableandattractivetouse;

Inpractice,developerswillbeexpectedtoconsiderpassengertransportaccessataveryearlystageinthedevelopmentprocess,andsetoutacostedpassengertransportaccessstrategyfortheirdevelopment.

5.2 Bus RoutesWorcestershireCountyCouncilrecognisesthatensuringdirect,fast,reliableandpunctualbusservicesiscriticallyimportantifpassengertransportistoofferacredibletravelchoiceoption.

Whereverpossible,busroutesshouldnotberequiredtomakecircuitousdetoursintoresidentialareas,asthisincreasestraveltimeandreducestheattractivenessofbusroutes.Withthisinmind,WorcestershireCountyCouncilproposesameanaveragewalkdistanceforallpropertieswithinadevelopmenttoscheduledbusstopsof400metres,distancesofupto800metreswillbe

consideredwhereahighquality,directandlevelrouteisprovided.Thisistobemeasuredaccuratelyfromfrontdoortobusstop,andnotbydrawingaradiusonamap(i.e.asthecrowflies).Measurementsshouldassumethatresidentswillmakeuseofplannedwalkingrouteswithinthedevelopment.

Largephaseddevelopmentsshouldmakeprovisionfortheearliestphasestobeservedbybusservices.Theprovisionandphasingwillrequiredetailedconsiderationattheplanningapplicationstageandwillneedtobeincorporatedintoanylegalagreementtiedtotheplanningconsent.

Wherebusroutesareproposedtooperatethroughdevelopments,theseshouldbeagreedinadvancewiththebusoperatingcompany,andshouldofferdirect,unimpededaccessthroughthesitetominimiseanyimpactsonjourneytimes.On-streetparkingprovisionmustbedesignedsoasnottocausedetrimenttobusserviceoperationalefficiency.Busprioritymeasuresmayberequiredtosupportthis,andtheseshouldbespecificallydesignedanddiscussedwiththeDMteaminadvanceofapplicationsubmission.

5.3 Bus StopsTheprovisionandlocationofbusstopsshouldbeplannedatanearlystageandmadethesubjectofasafetyauditingprocesstoensurestopsarenotplacedinhazardousareasonthenetwork.Thestopmustbeclearlymarkedonallplans,wellinadvanceofconstructionandbroughttotheattentionofpotentialhousebuyerstoavoidanyproblemswhenaservicestartslaterthanintendedoccupationdates.

Theprovisionofbusstopsshouldbeminimisedwithindevelopments,topreserveoperationalreliability.Aminimumdistanceof400metresbetweenbusstopsisrecommended.

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Stopsshouldbelocatedtogivethebestpenetrationintothedevelopmentsitebymeansofassociatedfootpathsandtheyneedtoservethegreatestcatchmentareapossibleintermsofconvenience.

Busrouteswithinnewdevelopmentsshouldbedesignedtobecontinuous(i.e.theyshouldeitherpassdirectlythroughthedevelopment,oroperateinaloop.Developmentsmustnotrequirebusservicestomakeanyunnecessarymanoeuvres,soturningfacilitiesshouldneverberequired.

Busstopsprovidedon,oradjacenttoexistinghighwaynetworksshouldbeplacedascloseaspossibletoexistingfootpathswhichprovideaccessintothedevelopment.

InlocationswhereWorcestershireCountyCouncilisthebusshelterprovider,acommutedsummaybesoughtfromdeveloperstosupportongoingmaintenanceofthisinfrastructure,fulldetailsofthesheltermaintenancepolicycanbefoundintheTransportAssetManagementPlan.

5.4 Real Time Passenger InformationWorcestershireCountyCounciloperatesacountywideRealTimePassengerInformationsystemforbuses(RTPI).Inmanycases,contributionsmaybesoughtfromdeveloperstoprovideforRTPIdisplaysatbusstops.

5.5 RailWhereadevelopmentisadjacenttoarailwaylineorotherrailinfrastructure(stations,sidings,freightfacilities),thenthedevelopershouldconsult,atanearlystage,withNetworkRail.ContactdetailsandproceduresforsuchconsultationcanbeobtainedfromtheNetworkRailwebsite(www.networkrail.co.uk).

TheCouncil’spoliciesforrailareincludedinitsLocalTransportPlan.Wheredevelopmentisexpectedtogenerateadditionaldemandforrailtravel,andimprovementschemesareidentified,thenfinancialcontributionsmaybesoughttosupportbringingforwarddeliveryofthese.

Whereadevelopmentisadjacenttoarailwaystation,developersshouldcontacttherelevantTrainOperatingCompanyresponsibleformanagingthatstation.Ifindoubt,developersareadvisedtocontacttheDMteamforadvice.

5.6 Community TransportWorcestershirebenefitsfromacomprehensivenetworkofCommunityTransportschemes,whichprovidepassengertransportservicestothosewhoareunabletoaccessscheduledpassengertransportservices,foravarietyofreasons.Developersmayberequiredtocontributetowardsserviceenhancementofcommunitytransportservicestosupportaccesstodevelopmentsbysustainablemodes.Thiswillbeparticularlyrelevantinmorerurallocations.

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6. Planning for an Adoptable Public Streetscape6.1 Introduction

Thissectioncoversworksonthepublichighwayinstigatedbydevelopersandthecreationofnewhighwaymaintainableatpublicexpense,commonlyreferredtoasSection38andSection278HighwaysAgreements.

6.2 6.2 Definitions and InterpretationsThefollowingdefinitionsandinterpretationsapplywithinthissection:

• AdoptedHighway–Highwaymaintainableatpublicexpense.

• Adopt(Adoption)–TheprocessbywhichfuturemaintenanceofaHighwayatthepublicexpenseisacceptedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil

• CDMRegulations–Construction(Design&Management)Regulations2015

• Consultant–AnorganisationemployedbytheDevelopertodesigntheworks.

• Contractor–AnorganisationemployedbytheDevelopertocarryoutconstructionworks.

• Dedicate(Dedication)–ThefreeholdlegalownerofapieceoflanddedicatesthetopsoilofthatlandforuseasHighway,surrenderingallrightstothetopsoil,whilstretaininglegalownershipofthesubsoil.

• DMRB-DesignManualforRoadsandBridges.

• Developer–Anindividualororganisationpromotingadevelopment.

• DevelopmentControlEngineer-Officersresponsibleforthetechnicalapproval,siteinspectionandmanagementoftheworksonpursuanttoaSec.38and/orSec.278Agreement.

• Easement–Theright(securedbyalegalagreement)touseorcrosssomeoneelse’slandforaspecifiedpurpose,forexampletocarryoutworkonsubterraneanducts.

• Highway–Awayoverwhichthepublichaverighttopassandre-passunhindered.

• HighwayAgreement–alegalagreementbetweenWorcestershireCountyCouncilandthedeveloper.

WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillentertheagreementwhereitissatisfiedthattheworkstotheAdoptedHighwaywillbeofbenefittothepublic.TheDeveloper(ortheircontractor)willberesponsibleforexecutingtheworksontheAdoptedhighwayinaccordancewiththetermsoftheagreement.

• MinorWorks–minorworkislimitedtoworksofthisdescriptiononly:loweredkerbsforasinglevehicularaccess;asimplebellmouthservingaprivatedevelopmentthatrequiresnoamendmenttothestreetlighting,highwaydrainagesystemorhorizontalandverticalalignmentoftheAdoptedHighway.

• Section38Agreement–AlegalagreementmadepursuanttoSection38oftheHighwaysAct(1980)thatprovidesforDedicationofaroadorotherwayasaHighway,andanagreementtoAdopttheHighwayataspecifiedpointintime.

• Section278Agreement–AlegalagreementmadepursuanttoSection278oftheHighwaysAct(1980_,whichenablesaLocalHighwayAuthority,whereitissatisfiedthatitwillbeofbenefittothepublic,toexecuteworksontheAdoptedHighway,inaccordancewiththetermsoftheagreemententeredintowiththedeveloper.

• Surety–AthirdpartyapprovedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilbecomesapartytotheSection38and/or278agreement

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andguaranteestopaythesumspecifiedinthesaidagreementforthecompletingoftheworksincertaincircumstances.

• WorcestershireCountyCouncil–WorcestershireCountyCouncilistheLocalHighwayAuthority(LHA)responsiblefortheconstruction,maintenance,operation,useandcontroloftheAdoptedHighway.

Section38oftheHighwaysAct(1980)allowsWorcestershireCountyCouncilasLocalHighwayAuthority(LHA)toenterintoalegalagreementwithaDevelopertoadopthighwaysforfuturemaintenanceatthepublicexpense,providedthattheyareconstructedtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sapprovedconditionsandspecifications.TheagreementmayalsocontainfurthernecessaryprovisionsfortheconstructionanddedicationoftheroadasWorcestershireCountyCouncilconsidersappropriate.

Whereschemesrequirealterationsorimprovementstotheexistingpublichighway,Sec.278oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsforWorcestershireCountyCounciltoenterintoalegalagreementwithaDeveloperinordertoenabletheDevelopertomakealterationsorimprovementstothepublichighway.

Sec.38AgreementswilloftenbecombinedwithaSec.278AgreementifworksintheexistinghighwayareinvolvedandSec.278Agreementsmayalsoincludea‘Sec.38Agreementelement’iflandisrequiredtobeadopted.

Submissionswillnotberegistereduntilalloftheinformationrequired,asspecifiedintherelevantApplicationFormhasbeensubmittedinanacceptableformat.WorcestershireCountyCouncildoesn’thavetheresourcestoundertaketechnicalassessmentofschemesthatcan’tgaintechnicalapprovalduetomissinginformation.

Sec.38oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsWorcestershireCountyCouncil(WCC)asHighwayAuthority(HA)toenterintoalegalagreementwithaDevelopertoadopthighwaysforfuturemaintenanceatthepublicexpense,providedthattheyare

constructedtoWCC’sapprovedconditionsandspecifications.TheagreementmayalsocontainfurthernecessaryprovisionsfortheconstructionanddedicationoftheroadasWCCconsidersappropriate.

Whereschemesrequirealterationsorimprovementstotheexistingpublichighway,Sec.278oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsforWCCtoenterintoalegalagreementwithaDeveloperinordertoenabletheDevelopertomakealterationsorimprovementstothepublichighway.

Sec.38AgreementswilloftenbecombinedwithaSec.278AgreementifworksintheexistinghighwayareinvolvedandSec.278Agreementsmayalsoincludea‘Sec.38Agreementelement’iflandisrequiredtobeadopted.

TheEarlyTechnicalAssessment(ETA)ofoffsitehighwayworks,duringthelifetimeoftheplanningapplicationisaprecursortotheSec.278processandisnotaniterativeprocess.

Thisfacilityisoffered,primarilytohighlightissueswhichmayariseduringthedetaileddesignprocessoftheproposedoff-sitehighwayworksbutwhichwouldn’tnecessarilycometolightduringtheassessmentofthepreliminarydesignssubmittedaspartoftheplanningapplicationsubmission.

TheETAprocesswillenableamorerigorousassessmentoftheoff-sitehighwayimprovementssubmittedaspartoftheplanningapplicationandshouldgivedevelopersgreaterconfidencethattheirproposalsaredeliverableincompliancewithbothNationalandWCCdesignspecifications.

Inordertoproduceanassessmentoftheoff-sitehighwayworkswithinthetimescalesallottedtotheplanningprocess(8to12weeks)thelevelofinformationrequiredisreducedfromthatnormallyneededtoinitiateaSec.278submission.

PleaseseetheEarlyTechnicalAssessment,Sec.38ApplicationForm&Sec.278ApplicationForms,whichareavailableatwww.worcestershire.gov.uk/SDGforabreakdown

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oftheinformationrequiredtocommencetherespectivesubmission.

Electronicsubmissionsandgeneralenquiriesshouldbeshouldbesentto:[email protected]

Submissionswillnotberegistereduntilalloftheinformationrequired,asspecifiedintherelevantApplicationFormhasbeensubmittedinanacceptableformat.WCCdoesn’thavetheresourcestoundertaketechnicalassessmentofschemesthatcan’tgaintechnicalapprovalduetomissinginformation.

AlldrawingsandplansmustbedraftedbyacompetenthighwayconsultantappointedbytheDeveloperwhomusthaveexperienceinhighwaydesignandconstruction.

TheinitialtechnicalsubmissionwillneedtobesupportedbyaDesignReportwhichdiscussesallofthedesignelementsoftheschemefromhorizontal&verticalalignment,drainageandjunctioncontroletc.theirrelevantmeritsandjustifiestheirusewithinthesubmitteddesign.

Thisdocumentwillneedtoberefreshedwitheachsubsequenttechnicalsubmission,totakeaccountofanyamendmentsmadetoaddressissueshighlightedinthetechnicalassessment.

EachtechnicalassessmentcarriedoutbyWorcestershireCountyCounciloritsconsultantsandreturnedtothedeveloperwillbeaccompaniedbyaCommentSummarythatwillestablishtheheadlineissueswhichneedtoberesolvedpriortoTechnicalApprovalbeingissued.ThedeveloperwillneedtocompletetheDesignerResponsesectionforeachofthecomments,aswellastherevisedDeparturefromStandardReportandresubmitthisformwiththeirsubsequentsubmission.Failuretoaddresseachofthecommentswillresultinthesubmissionbeingreturned,withoutregistration.

ItisstronglyrecommendedthatthedeveloperortheiragentsundertakedetaileddiscussionswithWCCpriortoeachsubmissionbeingmade,toensurethattheirsubmissionaddressestheoutstandingissuesandnewdeparturesfromstandardwhichoccurasaresultofaddressingthosecomments.

Meetingsbetweenthedeveloper,theiragentsandWCCarethebestwaytoresolvetheissuesaffectingtheawardofTechnicalApprovalandwouldrecommendthatameetingisheldtodiscussthecontentofeachtechnicalassessment.However,aftertheissueofeverysecondtechnicalassessment,aprogressmeetingwillhavetotakeplaceandfailuretoattendwillpreventtheregistrationofanyfurthersubmissions?

TheDeveloperwillberequiredtoenterintoaformalagreementwiththeLocalWaterAuthorityinrespectofsewersandpumpingstationsinaccordancewithSec.104WaterIndustryAct1991andprovidewrittenassurancethattheWaterAuthoritywilladoptsewerswithintheSec.38Works.

PrivatesewerswithintheSec.38WorksarenotacceptedbyWCCandwillnotbeadopted.AdoptionoftheSec.38Workswillnotbetakeplaceuntilproofoftheadoptionoftheprivatesewersetc.bytheLocalWaterAuthorityhasbeenprovidedtoWCC.

WCCrequiretheinclusionoftheTrafficManagementworksrequiredtodelivertheSec.278workswithinthetechnicalsubmissions.ThetrafficmanagementproposalswillneedtobecertifiedbyanaccreditedTMPractitioner(Sector12d).Thetrafficmanagementplans,willassessedtoensureitenablesWCCtomanagethehighwaynetworktosecuretheexpeditiousmovementoftrafficonthenetwork.ThetrafficmanagementplanwillalsobeusedtoscheduleStreetworkpermits,temporarytrafficregulationordersetc.withintheworksprogrammeandformpartoftheSec.278agreement.

ACommentSummarywillaccompanyeachassessmentreturnedtotheDeveloper.Thisformwillneedtobecompletedbythedeveloperortheiragentandsubmittedalongsidetheirnexttechnicalsubmission.

Thisdocumentwillevolvealongsidetheschemethrougheachsubsequenttechnicalsubmissionandprovideongoingrecordoftheschemesprogressthroughthetechnicalassessmentprocess.WCCreservestherighttowithholdregistrationandreturnthe

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submissionshouldanyofthecommentsremainunaddressed.

6.3 FeesWorcestershireCountyCouncilwillchargeaManagementandInspectionFee,baseduponapercentageoftheCountyCouncil’sestimateofthetotalcostoftheworks,currently7.5%forSec.38and8%forSec.278.ThisfeewillcoverthefollowinginrespectoftheproposedSec.38/Sec.278Works:

• Basictechnicalapproval;

• AssessmentofTrafficManagementproposalsandProgrammeofWorks(Sec.278only)

• CalculationofBondFees:

• Administration;

• SiteinspectionsduringconstructioninspectionsofTrafficManagementworks(Sec.278only)andforprovisionalandfinalcertificates(seebelow);and

• Inspectionsofhighways,adoptablehighwaydrainageandstreetlightinginspections

TheDeveloperwillalsoberesponsibleforpaymentofalladditionalfeesincurredbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilforWorcestershireCountyCouncilconsultancydesignchecksandauditsasconsideredappropriateforeachSec.38/278proposalwhichmayinclude:

• Streetlightingdesign;

• Majorjunctiondesign;

• Structuresdesignandinspection

AllfeesarepayablebeforetheAgreementissigned.

6.4 Site InspectionsTheDeveloperisresponsibleforthedayto-daysupervisionandsettingoutoftheSec.38/Sec.278WorksuptothedateofissueoftheFinalCertificateofCompletionfortheworks(seebelow).AWorcestershireCountyCouncilInspectorwillberesponsibleforensuringtheworkscomplywith

WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sSpecificationandtheagreedTrafficManagementproposals(Sec.278only).TheDevelopermustallowWorcestershireCountyCouncil’srepresentativeaccesstoeverypartoftheSec.38/Sec.278WorksatalltimesforthepurposeofinspectingtheSec.38/Sec.278Worksandallmaterialsusedorintendedtobeusedtherein.ItistheresponsibilityoftheDevelopertoensuretheworksareconstructedinaccordancewiththeapproveddrawings/specificationsubmittedtoandapprovedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilanddeliveredinaccordancewiththeagreedTrafficManagementscheme(Sec.278only).TheDeveloperisresponsibleforthetestingofmaterialsusinganapprovedlaboratoryasspecifiedand/orrequestedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil.

Non-compliancewiththeapproveddrawings/specificationwillresultintheDeveloperbeingrequiredtoreconstructdefectivearea(s)oftheSec.38/Sec.278Works(aDefectiveWorksRequirement).EachandeveryadditionalinspectiontocheckcompliancewithaDefectiveWorksRequirementwillbechargedat£250pervisit.

6.5 Completing the legal requirementsOncetechnicalapprovalhasbeengranted,theDevelopermustprovide13colouredcopiesoftheSec.38/Sec.278layoutdrawingtobeincludedintheagreement.

PleaseseeSec.38ApplicationForm&Sec.278ApplicationForm,availableatwww.worcestershire.gov.uk/SDGfordetailsregardingthecolourofhighwayfeatures.

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6.6 SuretyTheDeveloperwillberequiredtoprovideafinancialsecurityinordertoensurethatthereisadequateprovisiontoallowtheSec.38/Sec.278WorkstobecompletedindefaultoftheDeveloper’sobligationsundertheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement.Thismayincludeunfinishedordefectiveworks.TheamounttobesecuredmustbeequaltothetotalcostoftheSection38/Section278WorksasdeterminedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil.Thesecuritymaybeintheformof:

a.AbondinWorcestershireCountyCouncilagreedformatwithareputablefinancialinstitution(Bank/Insurancecompany)approvedbytheCountyCouncil.

b.adepositoftheequivalentsumdepositedwithWorcestershireCountyCounciluntilissueofthefinalcertificateofcompletionoftheSec.38/Sec.278works

c.NBinthecaseofaSec.278Agreementwhereabondisprovided,thesuretymaybeapartytotheAgreement

6.7 Constructing the WorksWhereworksarebeingcarriedoutunderaSec.38/Sec.278Agreement,theDevelopermustnotcommenceanyworksonthesiteuntil:

a.TheSec.38/Sec.278Agreementhasbeencompleted;

b.Anacceptableformofthefinancialsecurityhasbeenprovided;

c.Allfeeshavebeenpaid;

d.WrittennotificationhasbeenprovidedoftheDeveloper’sintentiontocommenceconstructiongivingatleast3monthsnotice(tocomplywiththerequirementsoftheTrafficManagementAct2004;

e.DetailsoftheappointedcontractorinorderforWorcestershireCountyCounciltovalidateitssuitabilitytocarryouttheSec.38/Sec.278Works

NB:Anyanomalies/amendmentsencounteredwhilstconstructionisongoingandbeforetheissueoftheProvisionalCertificate/FinalCertificateofCompletionwillrequireaformalamendmenttotheplansappendedtotheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement,whichwillrequirethecompletionofasupplementalagreement.TheDeveloperwillberesponsibleforanycostsassociatedwiththedraftingandcompletionofthesupplementalagreementandanyadditionalsupervisionfeesthatmayberequired.

6.8 Timescale for completing the works AllSec.278schemesmustbecompletedincompliancewiththeagreedProgrammeofWorks.OnceworkshavecommencedonsitetheymustbecompletedtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil’ssatisfactionwithinareasonabletimeperiod,eitherwithin3monthsofallbuildingsonsitebeingcompleted,orwithin3yearsofthedateofsigningtheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement.IfthistimescaleisnotadheredtoWorcestershireCountyCouncilmayreferthemattertotheirLegalServicesandtakeactionassetoutin‘DefectsandDefaultLists’below.

6.9 Issuing a Provisional Certificate AProvisionalCertificateofCompletion(TheProvisionalCertificate)willonlybeissuedandthe12-monthmaintenanceperiodcommence,oncetheSec.38/Sec.278Workshavebeencompletedinaccordancewiththeapproveddrawings(includingcompliancewithanyDefectiveWorksRequirements)andtothesatisfactionofWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineer.

TheProvisionalCertificatemustbeformallyrequestedinwritingbytheDeveloperfromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineer.

6.10 Inspection Process following request for Provisional Certificate a.AssoonasisreasonablypracticableWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerwillundertakeaninspectionoftheSec.38/Sec.278Worksandproduceandsupplyadefectslist(DefectsList)totheDeveloper.

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b.TheDeveloperwillwithin3monthsfromthedateofreceipt(orsuchotherperiodoftimeasnotifiedinwritingbytheEngineer)completetheworksasidentifiedontheDefectsList(TheDefectWorks).

c.WhenWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerissatisfiedallworksidentifiedhavebeencarriedoutinaccordancewiththeSec.38/Sec.278AgreementandWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sspecificationorasotherwisedirectedbytheEngineerabove,WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerwillthenissuetheProvisionalCertificateinordertocommencethe12monthmaintenanceperiod.ThebondsupportingtheAgreementwillthennormallybereducedto50%ofitsoriginalvalue.TheDeveloperwillremainfullyresponsibleformaintainingtheworksforaminimumperiodof12monthsuntilaFinalCertificateofCompletionisissued.

NB:TheissueoftheProvisionalCertificateofCompletionwillconstitutetheroadbeing‘firstopen’tothepublictrafficforthepurposesofSec.1(9)oftheLandCompensationAct1973.TheSec.38/Sec.278AgreementwillmakeprovisionfortheDevelopertoindemnifyWorcestershireCountyCouncilfromanyclaimsrelatingtotheworksincludingthosemadeundertheLandCompensationAct1973.

NB:WhereadeveloperhascommencedworkonhighwaystobeincludedwithintheSec.38agreement,WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillconsideredtheimpositionofa36monthmaintenanceperiod.Eventhougharoadis‘opentopublictraffic’itwillnot,inrespectoftheSec.38Works,constitutetheroad(s)becominghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseuntiltheFinalCertificateofCompletionisissued.

Similarly,inrespectofanySec.278Workscarriedout,theworkswillnotbedeemedtoformpartofthepubliclymaintainablehighwayuntiltheissueoftheFinalCertificateofCompletion.

6.11 Defects, Default Works and Notice to Surety

IftheDefectWorksorDefectiveWorksRequirements(theDefaultWorks)havenotbeencompletedassetoutabove,theEngineerwillconsider,withadvicefromWorcestershireCC’sLegalServices,thelegaloptionsforensuringtheworksarecompleted.

WorcestershireCCmaywithoutprejudicetoanyotherrightclaimorremedyundertheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement:

InrespectofanAgreementsupportedbyaBondorSurety,sendtotheSuretyaNoticeinwriting(“theDefaultNotice”)specifyingtheworksrequiredtobecarriedout,containinganestimatebyWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerorAgentofthecostofcarryingouttheoutstandingworksandofthecostofadministration,supervision,execution,completionandmaintenanceoftheworksforaperiodof12monthspriortothestreet(s)andway(s)becoming(orinthecaseofexistinghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseformingpartof)ahighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpense(‚theDefaultCosts‛));[theSuretyortheCountyCounciltoapplythesumtocarryouttheworkasappropriate];orInthecaseofthefinancialsecuritybeingintheformofacashdepositlodgedwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil,sendtotheDeveloperNoticeinwriting(“theDefaultNotice”)specifyingtheworktobecarriedout,containinganestimatebyWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerorAgentofthecostofcarryingouttheoutstandingworksandofthecostofadministration,supervision,execution,completionandmaintenanceoftheworksforaperiodof12monthspriortothestreet(s)andway(s)becoming(orinthecaseofexistinghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseformingpartof)ahighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpense,(theDefaultCosts))andwithoutfurthernoticetotheDeveloperapplythesumheldupondepositintheexecutionofcarryingouttheDefaultWorks.

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6.11 Issuing a Final Certificate of CompletionAttheendofthe12monthmaintenanceperiodtheDevelopermustrequesttheFinalCertificateofCompletion,(theFinalCertificate)fromtheWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerinwriting.Copiesofasbuiltdrawingswillalsoneedtobesuppliedatthetimetherequestismade.

6.12 Inspection Process following a request for a Final CertificateTheinspectionprocessfortheissuingoftheFinalCertificatewillfollowthatofParagraphsAandBoftheProvisionalCertificateinspectionprocessabove.

IfWorcestershireCC’sEngineerissatisfiedthatallworksidentifiedhavebeencarriedoutinaccordancewiththeSec.38/Sec.278AgreementandWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sspecificationorasotherwisedirectedbytheEngineer,thenWorcestershireCC’sEngineerwillissuetheFinalCertificate.

TheissuingoftheFinalCertificatesignifies(amongstotherthings)WorcestershireCC’sadoptionoftheSec.38/Sec.278Works.AnyroadsopentopublictrafficformingpartoftheSec.38Workswillatthispointbecomehighway(s)maintainableatthepublicexpense.

TheBondordepositprovidedinsupportoftheAgreementmaynowbecancelled/refunded.ShouldtheDevelopernothavecarriedouttheDefaultWorks,norrequestedtheFinalCertificateofCompletionwithin18monthsofthedateofissueoftheProvisionalCertificate,WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillapplytheremediessetoutinthesectionentitled‘Defects,DefaultWorksandNoticetoSurety’above.

Health and Safety

Priortoformaladoption,theDeveloperwillberequiredtosubmitacopyofthecompletedHealthandSafetyFileinaccordancewiththeConstruction,DesignandManagement2015Regulations.

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Appendix A - Useful ContactsOrganisation Contact Details

WorcesterCountyCouncil CountyHall,SpetchleyRoad,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR52NPwww.worcestershire.gov.uk

RedditchBoroughCouncil TownHall,WalterStranzSquare,Redditch,Worcestershire,B988AHwww.redditchbc.gov.uk

BromsgroveDistrictCouncil ParksideMarketStreetBromsgroveWorcestershireB618DAwww.bromsgrove.gov.uk

WyreForestDistrictCouncil WyreForestHouse,FinepointWay,Kidderminster,Worcestershire,DY117WFwww.wyreforestdc.gov.uk

WorcesterCityCouncil TheGuildhall,HighStreet,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR12EYwww.worcester.gov.uk

WychavonDistrictCouncil CivicCentre,QueenElizabethDrive,Pershore,Worcestershire,WR101PTwww.wychavon.gov.uk

MalvernHillsDistrictCouncil TheCouncilHouse,AvenueRoad,GreatMalvern,Worcestershire,WR143AFwww.malvernhills.gov.uk

HighwaysEngland 3RidgewayQuintonBusinessParkBirminghamB321AFwww.gov.uk/government/organisations/highways-england

WestMerciaRoadSafetyPartnership Suite11,MalvernGate,BromwichRoad,Worcester,WR24BNwww.srpwestmercia.org.uk

WestMerciaPolice POBox55,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR38SPwww.westmercia.police.uk

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Appendix B – Highway Network GIS link and Highways England noteAdynamicmapofWorcestershire’sLocalHighwayNetwork,PublicRightsofWayandmanyotherfeaturescanbeviewedhere:

http://gis.worcestershire.gov.uk

ItshouldbenotedthattheM5,M42andM50motorwaysandtheA46TrunkRoad(fromtheCountyboundarywithGloucestershire,totheCountyboundarywithWarwickshire)aremanagedbyHighwaysEngland.

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Appendix C – Biodiversity Legislative Framework And Best Practice GuidanceThe Wildlife And Countryside Act 1981 (As Amended)

TheWCAisthemajorlegalinstrumentforwildlifeprotectionintheUK.ThislegislationisthemeansbywhichtheConventionontheConservationofEuropeanWildlifeandNaturalHabitats(the‘BernConvention’),theConventionontheConservationofMigratorySpeciesofWildAnimals(the‘BonnConvention’)andtheEuropeanUnionDirectiveontheConservationofWildBirds(79/409/EEC)(ECBirdsDirective)areimplementedinGreatBritain(seebelow).TheActmakesitanoffence(subjecttoexceptions)tointentionallykill,injureortakeanywildanimallistedonSchedule5orwildbirdnotlistedinSchedule2;andprohibitsinterferencewithplacesusedforshelterorprotectionandintentionallydisturbinganimalsoccupyingsuchplaces.TheActmakesitanoffence(subjecttoexceptions)tointentionallypick,uprootordestroyanywildplantlistedinSchedule8.

Birds Directive 2009/147/Ec (Codified Version Of Directive 79/409/Eec As Amended)

TheDirectiveprovidesfortheestablishmentofacoherentnetworkofSpecialProtectionAreas(SPAs)comprisingallthemostsuitableterritoriesforendangeredandmigratoryspecies.Since1994allSPAsformanintegralpartoftheNatura2000ecologicalnetwork.TheBirdsDirectivealsobansactivitiesthatdirectlythreatenbirds,suchasthedeliberatekillingorcaptureofbirds,thedestructionoftheirnestsandtakingoftheireggs,andassociatedactivitiessuchastradinginliveordeadbirds(withsomeexceptions).

Habitats Directive

TheaimoftheHabitatsDirectiveisto‘maintainorrestore,atfavourableconservationstatus,naturalhabitatsandspeciesofwildfaunaandfloraofCommunityinterest’(HabitatsDirective,Article2(2)).

TheprovisionsoftheDirectiverequireMemberStatestointroducearangeofmeasures,including:

• MaintainorrestoreEuropeanprotectedhabitatsandspecieslistedintheAnnexesatafavourableconservationstatusasdefinedinArticles1and2;

• ContributetoacoherentEuropeanecologicalnetworkofprotectedsitesbydesignatingSpecialAreasofConservation(SACs)forhabitatslistedonAnnexIandforspecieslistedonAnnexII.ThesemeasuresarealsotobeappliedtoSpecialProtectionAreas(SPAs)classifiedunderArticle4oftheBirdsDirective.TogetherSACsandSPAsmakeuptheNatura2000network(Article3);

• EnsureconservationmeasuresareinplacetoappropriatelymanageSACsandensureappropriateassessmentofplansandprojectslikelytohaveasignificanteffectontheintegrityofanSAC.Projectsmaystillbepermittediftherearenoalternatives,andthereareimperativereasonsofoverridingpublicinterest.InsuchcasescompensatorymeasuresarenecessarytoensuretheoverallcoherenceoftheNatura2000network(Article6);

• MemberStatesshallalsoendeavourtoencouragethemanagementoffeaturesofthelandscapethatsupporttheNatura2000network(Articles3and10);

• Undertakesurveillanceofhabitatsandspecies(Article11),

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• EnsurestrictprotectionofspecieslistedonAnnexIV(Article12foranimalsandArticle13forplants).

• ReportontheimplementationoftheDirectiveeverysixyears(Article17),includingassessmentoftheconservationstatusofspeciesandhabitatslistedontheAnnexestotheDirective.”

Protection Of Badgers Act 1992

TheProtectionofBadgersAct1992protectsbadgersandtheirsetts.Offencesundertheactincludekilling,injuringortakingabadger,ortodamageorinterferewithasettunlessalicenceisobtainedfromtherelevantstatutoryauthority.

Countryside And Rights Of Way Act 2000 (Crow Act 2000)

TheCRoWActprovidesforpublicaccessonfoottocertaintypesofland,amendsthelawrelatingtopublicrightsofway,increasesmeasuresforthemanagementandprotectionforSitesofSpecialScientificInterest(SSSI)andstrengthenswildlifeenforcementlegislation,andprovidesforbettermanagementofAreasofOutstandingNaturalBeauty(AONB).

TheActplacesadutyonGovernmentDepartmentsandtheNationalAssemblyforWalestohaveregardfortheconservationofbiodiversityandmaintainlistsofspeciesandhabitatsforwhichconservationstepsshouldbetakenorpromoted,inaccordancewiththeConventiononBiologicalDiversity.

Schedule9oftheActamendsSSSIprovisionsoftheWildlifeandCountrysideAct1981,includingprovisionstochangeSSSIsandprovidingincreasedpowersfortheirprotectionandmanagement.

Schedule12oftheActamendsthespeciesprovisionsoftheWildlifeandCountrysideAct1981,strengtheningthelegalprotectionforthreatenedspecies.Theprovisionsmakecertainoffences‘arrestable’,createanewoffenceofrecklessdisturbance,confergreaterpowerstopoliceandwildlifeinspectorsforenteringpremisesandobtainingwildlifetissuesamplesforDNAanalysis,andenableheavierpenaltiesonconvictionofwildlifeoffences.

Natural Environment And Rural Communities (Nerc) Act 2006

TheNERCActmakesprovisioninrespectofbiodiversity,pesticidesharmfultowildlifeandtheprotectionofbirds,andinrespectofinvasivenon-nativespecies.Italtersenforcementpowersinconnectionwithwildlifeprotection,andextendstimelimitsforprosecutingcertainwildlifeoffences.

Section40(1)imposesadutytoconservebiodiversity:

“Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity.”

Section40(3)oftheActexplainsthat:

“Conserving biodiversity includes, in relation to a living organism or type of habitat, restoring or enhancing a population or habitat”.

Thedutyappliestoalllocalauthoritiesandextendsbeyondjustconservingwhatisalreadytheretocarryingout,supportingandrequiringactionsthatmayalsorestoreorenhancebiodiversity.

Section41oftheActrequirestheSecretaryofStatetopublishalistofhabitatsandspecieswhichareofprincipalimportancefortheconservationofbiodiversityinEngland.Thelist(including56habitatsand943species)hasbeendrawnupinconsultationwithNaturalEnglandanddrawsupontheUKBAPListofPrioritySpeciesandHabitats.TheS41listshouldbeusedtoguidedecision-makerssuchaslocalandregionalauthoritieswhenimplementingtheirduty:tohaveregardtotheconservationofbiodiversityintheexerciseoftheirnormalfunctions–asrequiredunderSection40oftheNERCAct2006.

The Conservation Of Habitats And Species Regulations 2010 (As Amended)

TheHabitatsandSpeciesRegulationsaretheprincipalmeansbywhichtheEuropeanUnionDirectiveontheNaturalHabitatsandWildFaunaandFlora(92/43/EEC)(ECHabitatsDirective)istransposedinUKlaw.TheyalsoconsolidateallthevariousamendmentsmadetotheConservation(NaturalHabitats,&c.)Regulations1994inrespect

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ofEnglandandWales.TheRegulationsprovideforthedesignationandprotectionof‘Europeansites(paragraph8)’,theprotectionof‘Europeanprotectedspecies’,andtheadaptationofplanningandothercontrolsfortheprotectionofEuropeanSites.Inaddition,theneedforanassessmentofimpactsonNatura2000sitesissetoutwithinArticle6oftheECHabitatsDirective1992,andinterpretedintoBritishlawbytheConservationofHabitatsandSpeciesRegulations2010.

Hedgerow Regulations 1997

TheHedgerowsRegulations1997protectmostcountrysidehedgerowsfrombeingremoved(includingbeinguprootedorotherwisedestroyed)withoutpriorpermissionfromthelocalplanningauthority.TheRegulationssetoutcriteriaforidentifyingimportanthedgerows,forwhichgreaterprotectionisconferred.

Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy For England’s Wildlife And Ecosystem Services (2012)

ThisisabiodiversitystrategyforEngland’swildlifeandecosystemserviceswhichbuildsontheNaturalEnvironmentWhitePaperandprovidesacomprehensivepictureofhowEnglandisimplementingitsinternationalandEUcommitments.

Itsetsoutthestrategicdirectionforbiodiversitypolicyforthenextdecadeonland(includingriversandlakes)andatsea,buildingontheworkthathasgonebefore,butalsoseekingtodeliverastepchange.

OneofthePriorityactionsisthatDEFRA“willworkwithtransportagenciesandkeydeliverypartnerstocreatecoherentandresilientecologicalnetworksinthenaturalareasattheedgesofourstrategicroadsandrailways,whichcoverapproximately60,000hectares.TheGovernmentwillhostaforumwithenvironmentalstakeholderstoinformfutureprioritiesfortheenhancementofthesegreencorridors”.

DEFRAstatethattheywill“throughreformsoftheplanningsystem,takeastrategicapproachtoplanningfornaturewithinandacrosslocalareas.Thisapproachwillguidedevelopmenttothebestlocations,encouragegreenerdesignandenabledevelopmenttoenhancenaturalnetworks.Wewillretaintheprotectionandimprovementof

thenaturalenvironmentascoreobjectivesoftheplanningsystem.”

Infrastructure Act 2015

AnActtomakeprovisionforstrategichighwayscompaniesandthefundingoftransportservicesbyland;controlofinvasivenon-nativespecies;andnationallysignificantinfrastructureprojects.

National Planning Policy Framework (2012)

TheNationalPlanningPolicyFrameworksetsouttheGovernment’splanningpoliciesforEnglandandhowtheseareexpectedtobeapplied.Thisincludesanumberofenvironmentalpolicies:

“Paragraph117states:Tominimiseimpactsonbiodiversityandgeodiversity,planningpoliciesshould:

planforbiodiversityatalandscape-scaleacrosslocalauthorityboundaries;

identifyandmapcomponentsofthelocalecologicalnetworks,includingthehierarchyofinternational,nationalandlocallydesignatedsitesofimportanceforbiodiversity,wildlifecorridorsandsteppingstonesthatconnectthemandareasidentifiedbylocalpartnershipsforhabitatrestorationorcreation;

promotethepreservation,restorationandrecreationofpriorityhabitats,ecologicalnetworksandtheprotectionandrecoveryofpriorityspeciespopulations,linkedtonationalandlocaltargets,andidentifysuitableindicatorsformonitoringbiodiversityintheplan;

Paragraph118states;

ifsignificantharmresultingfromadevelopmentcannotbeavoided(throughlocatingonanalternativesitewithlessharmfulimpacts),adequatelymitigated,or,asalastresort,compensatedfor,thenplanningpermissionshouldberefused;

proposeddevelopmentonlandwithinoroutsideaSiteofSpecialScientificInterestlikelytohaveanadverseeffectonaSiteofSpecialScientificInterest(eitherindividuallyorincombinationwithotherdevelopments)shouldnotnormallybepermitted.Whereanadverseeffectonthesite’snotified

50

specialinterestfeaturesislikely,anexceptionshouldonlybemadewherethebenefitsofthedevelopment,atthissite,clearlyoutweighboththeimpactsthatitislikelytohaveonthefeaturesofthesitethatmakeitofspecialscientificinterestandanybroaderimpactsonthenationalnetworkofSitesofSpecialScientificInterest;

opportunitiestoincorporatebiodiversityinandarounddevelopmentsshouldbeencouraged;

planningpermissionshouldberefusedfordevelopmentresultinginthelossordeteriorationofirreplaceablehabitats,includingancientwoodlandandthelossofagedorveterantreesfoundoutsideancientwoodland,unlesstheneedfor,andbenefitsof,thedevelopmentinthatlocationclearlyoutweightheloss;and

thefollowingwildlifesitesshouldbegiventhesameprotectionasEuropeansites:–potentialSpecialProtectionAreasandpossibleSpecialAreasofConservation;–listedorproposedRamsarsites;and–sitesidentified,orrequired,ascompensatorymeasuresforadverseeffectsonEuropeansites,potentialSpecialProtectionAreas,possibleSpecialAreasofConservation,andlistedorproposedRamsarsites.”

Defra (2011). Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy For England’s Wildlife And Ecosystem Services

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/69446/pb13583-biodiversity-strategy-2020-111111.pdf

Department For Communities And Local Government (2012). National Planning Policy Framework

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/6077/2116950.pdf

Chartered Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Management (2016). Guidelines For Ecological Impact Assessment In The Uk And Ireland. Terrestrial, Freshwater And Coastal

http://www.cieem.net/data/files/Publications/EcIA_Guidelines_Terrestrial_Freshwater_and_Coastal_Jan_2016.pdf

British Standard 42020:2013 Biodiversity. Code Of Practice For Planning And Development

http://www.bsigroup.com/LocalFiles/en-GB/biodiversity/BS-42020-Smart-Guide.pdf

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2010). Handbook For Phase 1 Habitat Survey. A Technique For Environmental Audit. Jncc, Peterborough.

http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/PDF/pub10_handbookforphase1habitatsurvey.pdf

Highways Agency (1993). Design Manual For Roads And Bridges, Volume 11 Section 3 Part 4 Ecology And Nature Conservation

http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk/ha/standards/-Volume11,Section3

Highways Agency (2008). Design Manual For Roads And Bridges Volume 11 Section 2 Part 5 Assessment And Management Of Environmental Effects

http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk/ha/standards/-Volume11,Section2

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Appendix D – Development Management Flow Chart

Worcestershire County Council – The Development Management Process

DEV

ELO

PMEN

T M

AN

AG

EMEN

T TE

AM

SE

CTI

ON

278

TEA

M

LOC

AL

PLA

NN

ING

AU

THO

RITY

Decision Notice Issued

Technical Submission

Registration NO

YES

Technical Response Technical Meeting

Technical Approval

Programme and Traffic Management Assessment

Legal Process

Clauses Agreed by Developer

Agreement Signed

Streetworks Permit applications

Works begin on site

TECHNICAL AUDIT (EXTERNAL)1st Audit; 40 working days, subsequent audits; 20 working days

TECHNICAL AUDIT (INTERNAL)1st Audit; 30 working days, subsequent audits; 20 working days

NO

YES

NO

YES

IF F

IRST

DES

IGN

IS A

CC

EPTE

D,

WH

OLE

PRO

CES

S IS

40

DA

YS

10 WORKING DAYS

10 WORKING DAYS

10 – 90 WORKING DAYS

If Early Technical Advice is required, contact developer to arrange.

Planning Application Received by Worcestershire County Council Development Management Team

Development Management Officer attends relevant Planning Committee

REGISTER AND ACKNOWLEDGE APPLICATION

PRE APPLICATION DISCUSSIONS

Written acceptance from the Intelligent Transport Systems Manager

NO

Forward recommendation to Local Planning Authority.

Undertake a peer review.

Commence review, liaise with Section 278 Team and to discuss Early Technical Advice

NO

IS THE APPLICATION FEE CORRECT AND / OR COMPLETED?

If information is missing, contact Local Planning Authority and/or Developer

YES

REQUEST REQUIRED INFORMATION

NO

NO

Hold internal meetings to clarify any questions or concerns from internal stakeholders.

Recommendation for Approval?

Submitted documents reviewed, entered on performance spreadsheet and sent for internal

consultation.

Does this application propose the installation of new traffic signals?

YES

Development Management officer reviews all the information received and prepares a

consolidated formal response.

Review responses to internal consultation and arrange internal meetings to clarify and

concerns as necessary.

YES

YES

SUBMIT APPLICATION

APPLICATION AND FEE CHECKED

OU

TSID

E O

F W

CC

CO

NTR

OL

Forward recommendation to Local Planning Authority.

21 D

AY

S

52

Worcestershire County Council You can contact us in the following ways:

By telephone: 01905 844887

By post: Economy and Infrastructure Directorate Worcestershire County Council, County Hall, Spetchley Road, Worcester WR5 2NP

By email: [email protected]

Online: www.worcestershire.gov.uk