Status of the CRAFT Project
Working Groups:
RADON Facilities
IAEA Technical Meeting
17-21 June, 2013, IAEA
Technical Meeting of the Complimentary Safety Reports:
Development and Application to Waste Management Facilities
12 ОJune, 2007 2
Content
Object (Radon-type facilities)
Group objectives
Scope
Input
Work Plan and Status
12 ОJune, 2007 3
RADON facilities
The system of RADON enterprises was
established the USSR in early sixties of the XXth
century
collection, transportation, processing and
disposal of LILW wastes and DSRS,
generated or used in medicine, research
institutions, various branches of industry
35 “Radon” facilities in the Soviet Union
16 of them in the Russian Federation
12 ОJune, 2007 4
RADON facilities
1 - Moscow «Radon» Facility
2 - Leningrad «Radon» Facility
3 - Volgograd «Radon» Facility
4 - Nizhny Novgorod «Radon» Facility
5 - Grozny «Radon» Facility
6 - Irkutsk «Radon» Facility
7 - Kazan «Radon» Facility
8 - Samara «Radon» Facility
9 - Murmansk «Radon» Facility
10 - Novosibirsk «Radon» Facility
11 - Rostov «Radon» Facility
12 - Saratov «Radon» Facility
13 - Sverdlovsk «Radon» Facility
14 - Bashkirskiy «Radon» Facility
15 - Chelyabinsk «Radon» Facility
16 - Khabarovsk «Radon» Facility
12 ОJune, 2007 5
RADON facilities
Typical historical repositories are vaults below the ground level with the volume from 200 to 9000 m3,
basement made of concrete plates,
walls made of monolithic reinforced concrete or concrete blocks,
divided with concrete or wooden walls into cells (sections),
the top is covered with reinforced concrete plates, sand and waterproof asphalt layer
Disposal/Storage
Radon facilities evolution Load hatches
Layer-on layer cementation
Container use Above ground facility
Radon facilities
9
Designed and operated as disposal facilities for
institutional LILW without intention of the waste
retrieval
Don’t fit with the safety requirement for near
surface disposal (long lived alpha emitters, high
active DSRS etc.)
Don’t fit with the safety requirements for long term
storage (waste package inspection, retrievability
etc.)
Radon facilities
10
Operators of RADON type facilities are obliged to
perform safety assessment and upgrade safety
Decision making depends not only from the safety
issues but from socio-political, technical and
economic aspects
Most common decisions include:
decommissioning of facility
upgraded storage facility
upgraded disposal facility
Measures are often considered:
partial or complete RW retrieval and conditioning
reconstruction
11
Basic terms definition
RAW classification
special RAW and Retrievable (disposable) RAW
classes of Retrievable RAW (based on disposal option)
For Special (nonretrievable) RAW:
emplacement site and
site for conservation
Deep well injection of liquid LLW and ILW on operating
sites
Main statements of Federal Law «On Radioactive Waste Management»
12
Initial RAW Registration
Initial RAW registration is provisioned in the Article 23 of the Federal Law “On
Radioactive Waste Management” and will be implemented during the first phase of
development of the a unified state system of radioactive waste management starting
from the January 15, 2013 till December 31, 2014 inclusively.
The surveys will be carried out in all facilities having radioactive waste that are subject
for the initial registration.
Based on the survey results special commissions will draw up the acts of initial
registration, on the basis of which proposals will be developed to classify radioactive
waste storage facility into a particular category of radioactive waste storage facilities.
The State Corporation "Rosatom" has confirmed the schedule for survey and initial
registration of the storage facilities (sites) for radioactive waste generated before
15.07.2011.
The schedule was developed in accordance with the Governmental Resolution from
25.07.2012 № 767 "On carrying out the initial registration of radioactive waste"
13
Initial RAW Registration
Initial RAW registration will provide the necessary information to form a
registry of radioactive waste and the inventory of the radioactive waste
storage facilities (sites).
From a legal point of view, the initial RAW registration will allow:
• To assign the status of “accumulated waste” to the waste generated before
the Federal Law “On Radioactive Waste Management” has entered into
force
• To define the categories and types of storage facilities and of the
accumulated RAW according to the new Russian legal framework
(retrievable and special waste, the temporary and long-term storage, sites
of emplacement and sites of conservation of special waste).
Type of radioactive waste and of the category of radioactive waste storage
facility are crucial for planning of treatment of previously accumulated waste
in accordance with the requirements of the Article 24 of the Federal Law “On
Radioactive Waste Management.”
Initial Registration and Survey of RAW Storage Facilities
Survey
EBS Upgrade,
Additional
Barriers
On Site Disposal
Waste Retrieval
Treatment and
Conditioning
Interim Storage
Transportation
Disposal in Regional
Disposal Facility
Storage Facility
Special
RAW
Retrievable
RAW
Site of sRAW
Emplacement
Site of sRAW
Conservation
If meet safety requirements
15
Regulations of VLLW, LLW, ILW disposal
The criterions for classification of RAW are given in the
Decree №1069 from 19.10.2012 by the Government of the
Russian Federation
«On criteria for classifying solid, liquid or gaseous waste to
radioactive waste, criteria for classifying radioactive waste to
special and removable RAW and criteria for classification of
removable RAW».
Criteria for classifying radioactive waste to special and retrievable RAW
Special RAW
• The collective effective dose for the entire period
of the potential danger
• The risk of potential exposure
Retrievable RAW
RAW, including:
•RAW generated:
•in result of implementation of the state program of armaments and state defense order
•In result of the use of nuclear weapon for peaceful purposes
•In result of nuclear and (or) radiation accident in nuclear facility
•liquid RAW, accumulated in surface water-storage facilities, totaling more than 25000
m3, commissioned before the entry into force of the Federal Law "On the treatment of
waste ...", as well as the sediments of the storage reservoirs meet the following criteria:
• The cost of moving away,
processing, conditioning,
transportation to disposal facility
and disposal of radioactive waste
Moving away On site
disposal
• The size of the possible harm to the environment
• The cost of disposal of radioactive waste, including
conversion Site of sRAW to RAW disposal facility, its
operation and closing, its safety over the period of the
potential danger
RAW storage and its sanitary protection zone located outside the boundaries of settlements, protected areas, coastal protection
strips and water protection zones of water bodies, and other security protection zones
1
2
3
Other RAW that
hasn't been
assigned to
special RAW
>
> On
sit
e
dis
po
sal
Movi
ng a
wa
y
Decree №1069
17
Regulation of RAW Management in Russia
Predisposal RAW management.
General Safety Requirements
GSR, part 5
Disposal of radioactive wastes. Principles,
criteria and general safety requirements.
NP-055-04
Near-surface disposal of radioactive
waste. Safety requirements.
NP-069-06
Collection,
treatment,
storage and
conditioning od
Solid RAW.
Safety
Requirements.
NP-020-2000
Collection,
treatment,
storage and
conditioning od
Liquid RAW.
Safety
Requirements.
NP-019-2000
Gaseous RAW
Management.
Safety
Requirements.
NP-021-2000
Disposal of Radioactive Waste.
Special Safety Requirement
SSR-5
Near-surface disposal. Safety
Requirements
WS-R-1
Safety Fundamentals
SF-1 Safety of Radioactive Waste
Management. General Provisions
NP-058-04
RAW WAC for Disposal
NP-ХХ-ХХХ
12 ОJune, 2007 18
Participant list (as for 2012)
Alexander Smetnik, [email protected], Russia (TSO)
Nikolay Anisimov, [email protected], Russia (TSO)
Andrey Guskov, [email protected], Russia (TSO)
Valery Bochkarev, [email protected], Russia (TSO)
Alexey Tkachenko, [email protected], Russia (Operator)
Merle Lust, [email protected], Estonia (TSO)
Previous meeting – June 2012, IAEA
Working Group Objectives
19
to adopt the safety assessment methodology
presented in the GSG-3 The Safety Case and
Safety Assessment for the Predisposal
Management of Radioactive Waste (former DS284)
for the RADON type facility needs
to develop illustrative test cases for applying this
methodology to RADON type facility using
SAFRAN tool
to provide Member States with the supporting
information for decision making regarding the
future of existing historical RADON type facilities
Scope
20
Typical near surface RADON type long term
storage facility for solid institutional LILW
Waste retrieaval operations during facility
decommissioning
Input
21
Results of the SADRWMS project
SAFRAN tool
GSG-3 (DS284)
Information from existing reports on
Murmansk Facility (“RosRAO”) and similar
Radon-type facilities
Work Plan
22
By the end of 2012 (Working group meeting):
• Drafts of the documents prepared for discussion
in the working group:
• Preliminary results of the safety assessment
(Nikolay Anisimov)
• Historical overview for the Radon-type facilities
(Andrey Guskov)
• Draft interpretation of DS284 into Russian
language (all group participants)
Work Plan
23
By the end of 2012 (Working group meeting):
• Drafts of the documents prepared for discussion
in the working group:
• Preliminary results of the safety assessment
calculations (Nikolay Anisimov)
• Historical overview for the Radon-type facilities
(Andrey Guskov) – drafted in Russian
• Draft interpretation of DS284 into Russian
language (all group participants)
Work Plan
24
By the CRAFT Plenary meeting (June 2013):
• Draft version of the Safety Case
• Group proposals to improve the methodology
• Group proposals to improve the SAFRAN tool
• Starting version of the methodology for RADON
facilities (in Russian)
Work Plan
25
By the CRAFT Plenary meeting (June 2013):
• Draft version of the Safety Case -
Draft version of the Safety Assessment in Russian
• Group proposals to improve the methodology -
No proposals
• Group proposals to improve the SAFRAN tool
(to be reported and discussed during WG sessions)
• Starting version of the methodology for RADON
facilities (in Russian) - not started
Work Plan
26
By the end of 2013 (Working group meeting):
• Draft Working group report
• Draft methodology for the Radon-type facilities (in
Russian)
By the CRAFT Plenary meeting (June 2014)
• Discussed feedbacks from the other working groups
on the draft report
• Improved version of the Working group report
• Improved version of the methodology for the Radon-
type facilities
Proposed content of the report (as for 2012)
27
• Introduction (related CRAFT information and historical
overview)
• Safety case context
• Safety assessment
• Assessment methodology
• Object and activity description
• Overall description and data of the radioactive waste
in the storage facility.
• Waste inventory
• .
Proposed content of the report (as for 2012)
28
• Scenario generation and justification
• Principles and organization of the work (retrieval
operations).
• Overview of the technical means to be used for the
waste retrieval.
• Description of the waste retrieval stages (working
plan)
• Initiating events to be considered
• Normal operation scenarios
• Abnormal and accidental scenarios
• Assessment models
• Calculation results
• Analysis of the assessment results
• .
Proposed content of the report (as for 2012)
29
• Recommendations for improvement of the technological
rules for waste retrieval procedure and working plans.
• Assessment of the doses to workers based on the
corrected technological rules and working plan.
• Assessment of the discharges to the environment due to
the retrieval activity.
• Possible corrections for the working plan during retrieval
operations.
• Overall conclusions and recommendations from the
safety case.
• Recommendations and conclusions for the methodology
and SAFRAN improvements.
Context
30
The safety case will be developed as the project
progresses and will be used as a basis for
decision making relating to selection of the
decommissioning option.
The purpose of safety assessment to be
performed as the illustrative test case is to test
initial ideas of the waste retrieval and
improvement of technological rules for waste
retrieval procedure and/or decision making related
to the decommissioning options for historical
Radon-type facility
Context
31
Murmansk solid radioactive waste storage facility is
the typical near surface vault constructed from
reinforced concrete below the ground level and
divided into four cells of 200 m3 each.
Context
Legend Waste Number.
Б1 – Б10 Cylindrical metal containers 10
К1 – К10 Rectangular metal containers 10
ЯБ1 – ЯБ6 Concreted and partially damaged wooden boxes 6
Ф Box with air filters 1
Шары Blocks of gamma-ray sources ~ 40
- Unidentified objects 6
Vault No1
There are DSRSs in transport containers, few wooden boxes with
unknown cemented waste, packages with ion-exchange resins and
others.
Context
Rectangular metal containers Concreted and partially damaged wooden boxes
Blocks of gamma-ray sources BGI-75 Blocks of gamma-ray sources E-1M
Context
39
The inventory consists mostly from 226Ra, 152Eu, 137Cs, 60Co and 3H
and other radionuclides.
The nearest settlement is in the distances of about
10 km from the facility;
Context
42
The assessment of the future management of
retrieved waste is not part of the current safety
assessment and safety case. This can be covered
by other relevant safety assessments addressing
the management steps for such waste, i.e. its
clearance, discharge, processing, storage, transport
and disposal
Context
43
The endpoint of the safety assessment will be the
doses for the workers as result of external
irradiation and inhalation both for normal and
accidental scenarios
For treating uncertainties in the safety assessment,
cautious assumptions will be used, but, in view of
the intervention situation, these should be as
realistic as possible;
Context
44
Timeframe for safety assessment for dose
calculation is the sum of time required all
considered technological operations. In terms of
possible accidents caused by external events the
timeframe cover all the period of waste retrieval
operations at the site
Safety assessment calculations are performed using
SAFRAN and other tools
Safety Assessment Report is drafted in Russian
This week working plan
45
Look back, discuss and agree on TOR
Discuss the safety assessment results
Discuss and agree on realistic group work plan
WG Report content
Developing other documents