ANCIENT EGYPT

By Spencer

Trouton and

Aidan Conway

MAP AND TIME FRAME

Ancient Egypt had an odd map. Lower Egypt was actually located higher in the region while Upper Egypt was lower in Egypt. The river in the middle is called the Nile. The map is kind of blurry but if you look closely you can see some labels.

The time

frame for

ancient

egypt was

from 3150

BC to 30

BC.

BACKGROUND

The Ancient Egyptians are known for mostly because of their unique form of

writing called hieroglyphics which is an extremely complex form of writing.

An interesting artifact of their culture is the Rosetta Stone. The Rosetta

Stone was a stone that had hieroglyphics and Greek writing. Jean-Francois

Champollion deciphered the Greek and showed how to read the

Hieroglyphics. They also have very interesting gods. They usually have

animal heads but human bodies. The front cover shows Anubis the god of

funerals and mummification (on the left). On the right is Ra the pharaoh of

the gods and the god of sun. Ra in Hieroglyphics

is .

Rosetta

Stone

SOCIAL STRUCTURE

Pharaoh

Pharaohs were called the

gods on earth. They were the

kings of Egypt except

probably more honoured than

kings of lets say, Greece.

Vizier

The vizier was a very

important person.

They run the country

as a president. They

were not as important

as the pharaoh

though.

Nobles Priests

Nobles were as

important as priests.

They had equal power.

Priests ran the

churches and

worships. Nobles were

law makers of Egypt.

Scribes Soldiers

Scribes wrote

notes and also

translated notes.

Solders worked

for the king and

fought enemies.Craftsmen Farmers Slaves

Craftsmen slaves,

and farmers are

the lowest.

Farmers farm the

fields to get food

for the people. The

slaves work for

their masters.

Craftsmen make

things for the

kingdoms.

HOUSINGThe Egyptians used stone blocks

or mud bricks to create their

houses and tombs. People when

they think of Egyptian buildings

they think of pyramids. Only

honoured kings were in pyramids

and they had to be dead to be in

the tomb. Ordinary houses were

made by the workers and were

also made of stones and bricks.Most of the Egyptian houses

had around four rooms. One

bigger one in the middle and 3

others attaching onto it. They

do not carry more than one

family. People slept in the

central middle room. The other

rooms were the kitchen, an

entry room that goes into the

central room, and a

storage/extra bedroom.

FOOD

Egyptians a lot of the time ate

fish that they caught in the

lake. They also ate things that

were around like berries and

things. They had farmers that

made grains and wheat to

make meals like bread and

things like that. This picture

shows some things that they

could eat for meals and

snacks and stuff. They did not

eat the kind of things that we

eat now. They would not eat

fast food and other varieties

of food from other places. Ex

Sushi, Mexican food etc.

FAMILY LIFE

Families in ancient Egypt

often had kids. The kids were

usually taken care of the

parents but when they were

not they were taken care of by

servants or slaves. Unlike

many places in ancient times,

women had just as many

rights. In now times women

have rights because it is

wrong for them not to, but in

places like Ancient Greek they

could not vote or anything like

that. Sometimes but not all of

the time in Ancient Egypt the

women worked and the men

stayed at home. Many

families that were rich had

many slaves doing things for

them around the house.

Family praying to gods.

MARRIAGE

Marriage in Ancient Egypt

was very important. It was a

very big deal to the family

except, like the marriages

now, it is only important to

them and their families.

Marriages links to family life

because once they are

married they are a family,

they can have kids etc.

Divorces in Ancient Egypt are

easy to do except they cost a

lot. Pharaohs marriages were

very different. The pharaohs

wife is called the Great Royal

Wife. Nobles can be married

to more than one person at a

time. But ordinary marriages

are not really much different

than the marriages now.

CHILDHOOD

Ancient Egyptian Children

did not go to school or get

another kind of good

education unless they

were very rich or powerful.

For entertainment a lot of

children played a board

game called senet.

Children were treated well

and were not hurt or

tortured like most places.

A lot of people in Egypt

that were rich had a lot of

servants and slaves to

look after their children.

Children in school.

(Drawn on sheet of

papyrus.

In ancient Egypt the people

wrote on one of the first kinds of

papers called papyrus. It is kind

of paper but is slightly like cloth.

Imagine printing that out of a

computer if you are a kid now.

COMPARING CHILDHOODS

Childhood in Ancient Egypt

would be very different than

childhood in Vancouver now.

We have all the technology

that they don’t. If I was growing

up in Ancient Egypt I would not

be able to learn with

computers, play video games,

watch TV, get rides in a car, go

on trips on a plane etc. I think

if an Ancient Egyptian kid grew

up here he/she would like it

much more than Egypt. We

have tall buildings and we

have more structured houses

with more advanced

technology. If we get really cold

in our house we flick a switch

to turn on an electric fireplace

while they would have to go

through a bunch of work to

make a fire or put on extra

clothing.

Egypt

Canada\USA

The children in Egypt

would not have the

chance to travel

anywhere. They

travel by foot or

camels and other

animals. We travel by

cars, bikes, trains,

planes etc. We can

go places that would

take them weeks

and weeks to get to

in less than a day.

We can get across

oceans as easy as

we get across land.

EDUCATIONBeing educated was a great honour

in Ancient Egypt. Only the rich or

royal people get a good education.

In Vancouver you would never get a

job if you never went to school.

When you went to school in ancient

Egypt you usually became a noble

or another important person. The

people who did not get an

education could still become an

important person but less likely. If

you were the son of a pharaoh than

you could become the pharaoh

without an education. The schools

looked much different from ours

now though.

Egypt

Now

RELIGIONThe Ancient Egyptian gods were very

important to their lives. As you see in

the pictures some have the heads of

animals. They had temples that they

worshipped the gods in. They

worshipped the pharaoh just as much

because he was a god on the earth.

Some of the most important gods are

Horus, Isis, Set, Nephthys and Osiris.

They were all good except Set. Horus,

the most important one, was the god of

war, protection and the sky. He had the

head of a falcon. Osiris, almost equally

important, was the lord of the dead.

Isis was the goddess of motherhood

and magic. Nephthys was the wife of

Set. Set was the god of chaos and

terror and Nephthys was the goddess

of assistance and partly death because

of her courtship with Set.

OsirisHorus

Isis

Nephthys

Set

COMMON GODOne of the most common gods from the ancient Egyptian

religions is Ra. Ra is the god of the sun. Ra has three forms of

a god. The falcon headed god is the god of sun. He was that

form in around the middle of the day. Khepri the scarab form

was in the morning. Khepra is now a scientific word for the

beetle. Khnum, his last form was in the evening. He is said to

create people with his teardrops. Ra is a very important god

from Egyptian Mythology. Ra was also the king of the gods.

Ra

Khepri

Khnum

Ra is also associated with

the god Amun. Not a lot of

people know a god named

Amun-Ra. Amun-Ra is also

the god of the wind not

just the sun. Unlike other

gods, Amun or Amun-Ra

was not born. He created

himself. He also did not

show himself as much.

That is why not many

people know

Amun-Ra

instead of

just Ra.

Amun-Ra

FESTIVALS

Ancient Egyptians had many

festivals. Most of them were

religious festivals to celebrate

the gods and goddesses but

there are a couple that are

not. The celebrations had

huge feasts too. One had so

much food it was crazy.

11,341 loaves of bread and

385 barrels of beer to

celebrate Rameses III victory

over the Libyans. A religious

festival in Ancient Egypt was

when they celebrated the

Beautiful Feast of the Valley.

They celebrated the links

between the living and dead.

WEALTHY LIVINGRich families in Ancient Egypt

had slaves or servants to

look after their children and

also do the houses chores. It

would like one of us getting a

bunch of maids. Many rich

families can also afford for

their children to go to school.

Like now, the rich people

would usually have more

things and a bigger house.

They might also wear

jewellery like amulets and

earrings. Many people who

were not rich also wore stuff

like that. The rich, to be

different, sometimes wore

things like diamond

necklaces.

CLOTHING

People in ancient

Egypt a lot of the time

wore a variety of

things. Men usually

wore short skirts

around their wastes

like in the pictures of

the gods. They do not

usually wear shirts

because of the heat.

People in ancient

Egypt sometimes

wore wigs for fashion

and also to keep the

sun off of their

heads. (Especially

when they are bald).

Women in ancient

Egypt wore mostly

the same things as

each other. A linen

dress that is

strapped by the

shoulders. The god

pictures I saved

also wear the

same dresses as

ordinary women.

Women also wore

wigs for the same

reasons. Both men

and women in

ancient Egypt wore

jewellery.

ART AND MUSICArt in ancient Egypt was

very good. It was

created to have a

purpose. The pottery

was usually made out

of soapstone and

coated in enamel to

help preserve it so it

does not break over

time as easily. Their

sculptures were really

cool. Most sculptures

and statues were made

to look like the gods

and honour them.

Others were of the

pharaohs and other

worshipped people like

queens and kings. They

also drew people and

gods on papyrus.

Music in ancient Egypt

was worshipped. A lot of

Egyptian music was

associated with the gods.

Like now they had

instruments like

percussion, woodwinds,

and strings. They usually

made their instruments

themselves or got friends

to make them for them.

There was not just

instruments and tools to

make music. They had

singing and dancing and

other things that we still

have now. They would

have different kinds of

music instead of pop,

rock, techno, metal etc.

CHILDBIRTH

The man who deciphered

the Rosetta Stone, Jean-

Francois Champollion,

named the place where the

children were born. It was

called “Mammisi” in 19th

century Coptic and “Birth

House” or “Birth Place” in

English. Mammisis’ were

kind of church’s or chapels.

Some were almost like

small temples. It was a very

religious event too because

they put up pictures of

Taweret to help the child

and Bes to help ward off

spirits.

Taweret

Bes

(carving)

TOMBS (EXTRA)

One of the most well known

artifacts and architecture are the

tombs. When I think of Egypt I

think of the ancient Pyramids of

Giza. Not just any old dead guy

would be put in one of the great

pyramids. Only respected

pharaohs, kings and queens

would be put there. The tombs

had great drawings and had

many crystals and treasures. The

coffins were made out of gold,

diamonds, crystals and other

valuable artifacts. A common

known tomb is the one of

Tutankhamen. (More commonly

known as King Tut).

COMPARING GREEK GODS TO EGYPTIAN GODSEgyptian gods are very

unlike the gods of the

Greek. In Egypt the lord

of the dead is Osiris.

Osiris is a worshipped

god. Unlike Hades he is

caring and makes sure

that even the dead are

happy. His assistant, the

god of funerals, Anubis is

also a more kind god

than Hades in legends.

Hades enjoys the death

of mortals and is always

trying to get released into

the real world. He always

uses trickery to deceive

people into traps.

Hades

Osiris

Gods of the Underworld

Egyptian

Greek

COMPARING GREEK GODS TO EGYPTIAN GODS

CONT.The god of the Greek

Sun is called Apollo.

He was not one of the

super major gods. The

King of the gods in

Greece was Zeus. In

Egypt Ra, the Egyptian

Sun God, was the

overall pharaoh of the

Egyptian religion. He

also had multiple

forms and could

create humans with

his tear drops in his

form of Khnum. Apollo

drove a chariot made

of light and was a

phenomenal shot with

the bow.

Gods of the Sun

Egyptian Ra

Greek Apollo

CONCLUSION

To me the Ancient Egyptian Culture is very fascinating. The Gods, the Tombs and the over all topic is very interesting. The arts and festivals are extremely cool.

By: Spencer Trouton and Aidan Conway

PICTURE BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.ancient-egypt.org/index.html page 5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta_stone page 3

http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-25078531/stock-vector-hieroglyphic-of-egyptian-eye-eye-of-ra.html page 3

http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/a-housing.htm page 5

http://www.perankhgroup.com/Life%20in%20ancient_egypt.htm page 6

http://www.museoegizio.org/pages/hp_en.jsp page 7

http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/a-marriage.htm page 8

http://www.cwu.edu/~morgann/webquery.html page 9

http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/00258/Pages/everydaylife.htm page10

http://www.messiahbaptistchurchdenver.com/children.html page 10

http://ancientegyptmoberly.pbworks.com/w/page/12830337/Ancient-Egypt-Education page 11

http://www.wrensnestonline.com/blog/wrens-nest-construction-company-and-brown-middle-school-outreach/ page 11

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris page 12

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus page 12

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis page 12 and 16

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephthys page 12

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set page 12

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra page 13

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khepri page 13

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khnum page 13

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amun page 13 and 16

http://www.freeegypt.info/Pages/416/Festivals-Ancient-Egyptian-Calendar.html page 14

http://www.flickr.com/photos/lifes__too_short__to__drink__cheap__wine/3045350310/ page 17

http://www.zwoje-scrolls.com/zwoje39/text07p.htm page 17

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taweret page 18

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bes page 18

http://www.king-tut.org.uk/egyptian-pharaohs/ page 19

http://famouswonders.com/great-pyramids-of-giza/ page 19

http://www.wiccantogether.com/group/greekmythology/forum/topics/1070680:Topic:337389 page 20

http://millennialmormonism.blogspot.com/2009/10/please-pass-fig-leaves.html page 20

http://www.spiritualityformen.com/gods.php page 21

INFO BIBLIOGRAPHY

Some ideas were from Rick Riordan’s Red Pyramid and Throne of fire. All facts proved before writing it down.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta_Stone

Outlooks 7 Ancient Worlds (book)

Other Places Other Times (book)

http://library.thinkquest.org/J002046F/education.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephthys

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khepri

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khnum

http://www2.sptimes.com/Egypt/EgyptCredit.4.2.html

Throne of Fire

Red Pyramid