2013 Soybean Production Update
Greg Endres, Extension area agronomistNDSU Carrington Research Extension Center
[email protected] 701-652-2951
•Plant establishment•Weed management•Special inputs
NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (August, 2012)
Factor A Yield >
(%)
B NDSU trial site-years
Tillage system Reduced till
9 conventional till 17
Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6
Seed inoculation with soybean history
yes pending
no ?
Seed fungicide yes 11 no 18
Planting date < early May
pending
mid May 2
Planting rate (pls/A) 150-
175,0005 100-130,000 18
Row spacing (inch)
14-21 5 28-30 19
P at planting time
broadcast 4 band (away from seed)
2
Timing of Weed Removal
PRE 3 early POST 2
Soybean Establishment, CREC, 2011-12
• 2 tillage systems– conventional and direct seed (‘no-till’)
• 2 planting dates– 2011: May 5 & 19; 2012: April 30 & May 15
• 4 (planting time) fertilizer treatments– 6-24-6 applied on med P (8/9 ppm) and high K
(216/178 ppm) soil – untreated check, broadcast, 2x0-inch band, and
mid-row band
• POST Headline fungicide (2 of 4 reps)
Funded by ND Soybean Council
Soybean Establishment Study Carrington, 2011-12: SEED YIELD WITH TILLAGE SYSTEMS
40.8
52.5
43.4
51.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2011 2012
conventional
direct seed
*
Soybean Establishment Studies, CREC, 2012: SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING DATES
53.7
37.6
27.9
50.6
30.3
19.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
Carrington New Rockford Wishek
early
normal*
*
*
Apr 30/May 15 May 2/17 Apr 24/May 16
Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2011-12: SEED YIELD WITH STARTER FERTILIZER.
40.4
51.8
43.9
51.7
42.0
52.5
41.9
52.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2011 2012
check
broadcast
2x0 band
mid-row band
P = med and K = high. 6-24-6 applied as band at planting or broadcast PRE.
Carrington (June 13)
Langdon (Aug 20)
Soybean Timing of Weed Removal, 2012
Soybean yield with timing of weed removal, Carrington and Langdon, 2012.
12.5 13.7
47.1 47.545.5
47.8
39.3
46.4
25.1
42.6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Carrington Langdon
check
at planting
ePOST
mPOST
lPOST
Bu/A
LSD (0.05): 7.0 LSD (0.05): 6.6
Timing of initial weed control Soybean yieldWeed height Soybean stage bu/A
48.0
2 to 4 inches
VC-V2 (unifoliate to 1st
trifoliate) 46.9
6 to 8 inches
V2-V4 (2nd to 4th trifoliate) 45.2
> 10 inches
V4-R2 (4th trifoliate to
full flower) 37.719.3
NDSU: 4 site-years (2011-12).
Soybean yield loss from weeds
At planting (soil application)
Untreated check
NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (Nov 2012)
Factor A Yield >
(%)
B NDSU trial site-years
^Tillage system
Reduced till
8 conventional till 18*
Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6
Seed inoculation with soybean history
yes pending
no ?
Seed fungicide yes 10 no 19*
^Planting date < early May
13 mid May 4*
Planting rate (pls/A) 150-
175,0005 100-130,000 20*
Row spacing (inch)
14-21 5 28-30 19
^P at planting time
broadcast 0 band (away from seed)
4*
^Timing of Weed Removal
At planting 2 early POST 4*
Options of soil-applied herbicides, with residual control, for glyphosate-resistant kochia in soybean
•Sulfentrazone –e.g. Authority MTZ, Broadaxe, Spartan Charge
•Valor•Sharpen, Verdict (+ Zidua)
POST herbicide options for glyphosate-resistant kochia control in soybean
•Flexstar*•NDSU micro-rate*•Liberty*
*use restrictions
What can we do to profitably increase soybean seed yield in addition to using best management practices?
Soybean response to special inputs1, Carrington, 2005-12
FERTILIZERfarmer fertilizer blendQuickroots; Liquid sufl/can/soy mix6-0-0-9 (Zn)9.5-0-0-5-10 (Zn)Max-In; Max-In MnNF; Winfield Solutions experimentalsUANCoRon; zincMicro500; Sure-KEB mixSugarMicroMixMoly
PESTICIDES Headline (+ Fastac) Stratego Pro/YLD
(+ Leverage) Priaxor (+ Fastac) Quilt Xcel (+ Warrior T) Evito (+ Leverage) Cobra Makaze Yield Pro (GP)
1Yellow = foliar products used in 2012.RR soybean: 2005-06=RG200RR, 2007=NT-0090, 2008-12=DSR0401.
GROWTH PROMOTERSRatchetSoil Builder; Ag blendBin Buster XP; KQ-XRNX-tra Power; Sugar Mover MegaGro; HappyGro SeedProd; CropProd BTN+; T1 BioForge; Golden Harvest Plus GA NBS N-Hibit; ProAct Foliar Blend
Study partially funded by private industry
Special foliar inputs for soybean, Carrington, 2012.
(irrigated; 18 trts vs untreated checks; 4 reps)
Soil adequate nutrient levels (med or higher) except Cl (VL) and
Na (low) 7.7 pH; 3.6% organic matter; low soluble salts and VL
carbonates
Application timing V2 and/or R1-3 soybean stages
1. Fertilizers 2. Fungicides3. Growth promoters
Yield of untreated check = 56.6 bu/acre
no yield increase with any treatment
Soybean performance with special inputs, Carrington, 2005-12.
Response vs. untreated check1
Year
Environment
Number of
treatments
Yield of untreated
checkSeed yield
Test weight Protei
n
bu/A bu/A lb/bu %
2005 dryland
16 36.7 *
NS NS
2006
21 26.2
NS200
7
irrigated
15 58.0
2008
16 47.3
2009
15 51.2
2010
19 51.6
2011
19 42.1 * (-)
2012
18 56.6 NS
1*=statistically significant (0.05); NS=no difference in factor compared to untreated check.Details at www.ag.ndsu.edu/CarringtonREC/
Soybean special input study, CREC, 2005-12: SEED YIELD WITH PRODUCT COMBINATIONS (3-6/YR)1
46.3 47.1
010
20
30
40
50
60
bu/A untreated check
productcombination
1No statistical difference (LSD 0.05) each year of 8 trials. 2012 mixture: BinBuster XP (V2)/ Headline + Fastac (R3)
Soybean intensive mgmt study, NDSU, 8 site-yr (2008-11)1: SEED YIELD and HIGHEST NET RETURN with row spacing, planting rate and foliar inputs.
14150N
14150
Y
14200
Y
14200N
28150N
28150
Y
28200N
28200
Y
Endres, Kandel et al.
$
1LSD (0.05) = NS for each site-yr
$
(bushels/acre)
Questions?